MKB "Fakel" (Russian: МКБ "Факел", "Torch"), also known as P.D.Grushin Machine-building Design Bureau, is a Russian government-owned aerospace defense corporation located in Khimki, Moscow Oblast, Russia.
 | |
| Company type | Joint-stock company |
|---|---|
| Industry | Defense |
| Founded | 1953 |
| Headquarters | , Russia |
| Products | Anti-aircraft defence systems, Missiles, Anti-ballistic missiles |
| Parent | Almaz-Antey |
| Website | npofakel |
History edit
MKB Fakel was founded in 1953 under the designation OKB-2[1] to facilitate development of guided surface-to-air missiles in response to a growing threat of US air attack[citation needed] on the Soviet Union and its allies. MKB Fakel developed missiles which were used in Soviet surface-to-air defense systems S-75, 9K33 Osa, S-125, S-200, S-300, and many other systems.
In July 1958 the corporation was awarded an Order of Lenin for successful development of guided missiles for the S-75 defense system.
Missiles developed by MKB Fakel were the first in the world surface-to-air guided missiles successfully employed in military action. On May 1, 1960, American high altitude reconnaissance aircraft Lockheed U-2 was shot down near Sverdlovsk by Fakel's 11D missile (S-75) while flying over Soviet territory.
Overall, missiles developed by MKB "Fakel" were employed in more than 30 countries, including Cuba, China, Vietnam and destroyed more than 2,500 of enemy aircraft.[2][3]
In April 1981 it was awarded an Order of the October Revolution for successful development of guided missiles for the S-300 defense system.
In 2002 the company joined the Almaz-Antey holding.
Production edit
The bureau has designed the following tactical and strategic surface-to-air missiles, as well as exoatmospheric anti-ballistic missile interceptors:[4]
- V-750 series missiles (for SA-2 / S-75) systems),
- 5V24 (V-600), 5V27 (V-601) missiles (for SA-3 / S-125 systems),
- 5V21, 5V28, 5V28V missiles (for SA-5 / S-200 systems),
- 5V55K, 5V55R, 5V55R / 5V55KD, 5V55U, 48N6, 48N6E2 missiles (for SA-10 and SA-20 / S-300P-series systems),
- 40N6 (for the SA-21 / S-400 system),
- 9M96 series (for the SA-21 / S-400 and the S-350 systems),
- 9M33, 9M33M1, 9M33M2, 9M33M3, 9A33BM3 missiles (for SA-8 / 9K33 Osa system),
- 9M330, 9M331, 9M332, 9M338 missiles (for the SA-15 / 9K330 Tor-series systems),
- 51T6 (SH-11) Gorgon missile (for the A-135 ABM-system).[5]
References edit
- ^ "Research and design establishments". www2.warwick.ac.uk. Retrieved 15 January 2016.
- ^ "Они создали С300, (Russian)". Валентин РУДЕНКО, "Красная звезда".
- ^ "Fakel's Missiles, (Russian)".
- ^ "Главная сyuyтраница". npofakel.ru. Retrieved 2016-01-15.
- ^ "A-135". www.astronautix.com. Archived from the original on October 20, 2004. Retrieved 15 January 2016.
External links edit
- Official website (in Russian)