Luannan County (simplified Chinese: 滦南县; traditional Chinese: 灤南縣; pinyin: Luánnán Xiàn) is a county in the east of Hebei province, China. It is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Tangshan. Luannan County spans an area of 1,482.6 square kilometres (572.4 sq mi), and has a population of approximately 508,500, per the 2020 Chinese census.[1]
Luannan County
滦南县 | |
|---|---|
 Location in Tangshan | |
  Luannan Location of the seat in Hebei | |
| Coordinates: 39°30′N 118°42′E / 39.500°N 118.700°E | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Hebei |
| Prefecture-level city | Tangshan |
| Area | |
| • Total | 1,482.6 km2 (572.4 sq mi) |
| Population (2020) | |
| • Total | 508,500 |
| • Density | 340/km2 (890/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Website | www |
Toponymy
editLuannan County is named such because it is south (Chinese: 南; pinyin: nán) of nearby Luanzhou (simplified Chinese: 滦州市; traditional Chinese: 灤州市; pinyin: Luánzhōu Shì).[1][2]
History
editThe region of present-day Luannan County has been inhabited since the Neolithic period.[3]
The area's organizational history dates back to the 740 CE, during the Tang dynasty when the area was incorporated as Macheng County (simplified Chinese: 马城县; traditional Chinese: 馬城縣; pinyin: Mǎchéng Xiàn).[1][2] The seat of Macheng County was located in the present-day town of Bencheng.[1]
During the Liao dynasty, the area belonged to the Lulong Commandery (simplified Chinese: 卢龙郡; traditional Chinese: 盧龍郡; pinyin: Lúlóng Jùn).[3] In the subsequent Jin dynasty, it was placed under Luan County (simplified Chinese: 滦县; traditional Chinese: 灤縣; pinyin: Luán Xiàn).[3] Early in the Yuan dynasty, it was merged into Luanzhou.[3] It remained as part of Luanzhou throughout the Ming dynasty, Qing dynasty, and during the period of the Republic of China.[3]
Luannan County was first established in May 1946, formed out of the southern portion of Luan County (now known as Luanzhou).[1][2] The county was abolished in 1954, and split among surrounding county-level divisions.[1][2] This was undone in January 1963, restoring Luannan County.[1]
Geography
editLuannan County spans an area of 1,482.6 square kilometres (572.4 sq mi).[1] It has a coastline of 29.63 kilometres (18.41 mi), alongside the Bohai Bay.[1] The Luan River runs through the county.[1] The county's elevation is relatively flat, as it is part of an alluvial plain. However, it is higher in the northern portions.[4]
Climate
edit| Climate data for Luannan (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 12.6 (54.7) |
19.5 (67.1) |
26.2 (79.2) |
31.2 (88.2) |
36.7 (98.1) |
37.9 (100.2) |
39.6 (103.3) |
34.9 (94.8) |
34.8 (94.6) |
30.6 (87.1) |
21.5 (70.7) |
12.4 (54.3) |
39.6 (103.3) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 1.2 (34.2) |
4.9 (40.8) |
11.5 (52.7) |
19.3 (66.7) |
25.4 (77.7) |
28.6 (83.5) |
30.3 (86.5) |
29.9 (85.8) |
26.4 (79.5) |
19.2 (66.6) |
9.9 (49.8) |
2.8 (37.0) |
17.5 (63.4) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −4.8 (23.4) |
−1.4 (29.5) |
5.1 (41.2) |
12.9 (55.2) |
19.2 (66.6) |
23.2 (73.8) |
25.8 (78.4) |
25.1 (77.2) |
20.5 (68.9) |
13.0 (55.4) |
4.2 (39.6) |
−2.6 (27.3) |
11.7 (53.0) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −9.4 (15.1) |
−6.2 (20.8) |
−0.1 (31.8) |
7.3 (45.1) |
13.6 (56.5) |
18.5 (65.3) |
22.1 (71.8) |
21.2 (70.2) |
15.7 (60.3) |
8.0 (46.4) |
−0.3 (31.5) |
−6.8 (19.8) |
7.0 (44.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −20.8 (−5.4) |
−19.9 (−3.8) |
−10.7 (12.7) |
−2.9 (26.8) |
5.1 (41.2) |
9.5 (49.1) |
16.3 (61.3) |
12.8 (55.0) |
5.0 (41.0) |
−3.2 (26.2) |
−12.4 (9.7) |
−17.3 (0.9) |
−20.8 (−5.4) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 2.6 (0.10) |
4.8 (0.19) |
6.9 (0.27) |
23.8 (0.94) |
46.0 (1.81) |
85.8 (3.38) |
161.5 (6.36) |
147.0 (5.79) |
46.3 (1.82) |
31.7 (1.25) |
11.7 (0.46) |
4.0 (0.16) |
572.1 (22.53) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 1.8 | 2.3 | 3.0 | 5.1 | 7.0 | 9.3 | 11.1 | 9.7 | 6.3 | 4.7 | 3.1 | 2.7 | 66.1 |
| Average snowy days | 3.4 | 3.1 | 1.2 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.9 | 3.3 | 13.2 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 56 | 57 | 54 | 53 | 58 | 70 | 80 | 81 | 73 | 66 | 63 | 60 | 64 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 183.5 | 186.3 | 233.0 | 248.3 | 272.1 | 231.7 | 200.7 | 215.8 | 224.6 | 209.3 | 174.1 | 171.2 | 2,550.6 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 61 | 61 | 63 | 62 | 61 | 52 | 45 | 51 | 61 | 61 | 59 | 59 | 58 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration[5][6] | |||||||||||||
Administrative divisions
editLuannan County administers 1 subdistrict and 16 towns.[7]
The county's sole subdistrict is Youyi Road Subdistrict.[7]
The county administers the towns of Bencheng, Songdaokou, Changning, Hugezhuang, Tuoli, Yaowangzhuang, Sigezhuang, Angezhuang, Pachigang, Chengzhuang, Qingtuoying, Baigezhuang, Nanbao, Fanggezhuang, Donghuangtuo, and Macheng.[7]
Demographics
editLuannan County has a population of approximately 508,500 people, as per the 2020 Chinese census.[1] A 2012 estimate put the county's population at about 570,000.[4] The county's population totaled 584,518 per the 2010 Chinese census.[2] The county's population in 2002 was approximately 540,400, per an estimate.[2] The 2000 Chinese census recorded Luannan County's population at 570,535.[2] A 1996 estimate put the county's population at about 533,000.[2]
Economy
editThe county has a significant iron mining industry.[1] Luannan County is home to Macheng Iron Mine (Chinese: 马城铁矿; pinyin: Mǎchéng Tiě Kuàng), a major mine operated by the Shougang Group.[1] The county also produces a significant amount of steel shovels, accounting for 85% of the domestic steel shovel market, and 90% of exported steel shovels from China.[1]
Luannan County also has sizeable agriculture and aquaculture industries.[1] Per a 2024 county government publication, it has 1.08 million mu of cultivated land.[1] Major crops grown in Luannan County include rice, Carex kobomugi, and peanuts.[1] Common livestock in Luannan County include dairy cows, chickens, and pigs.[1]
Transportation
editThe Qian–Cao Railway passes through Luannan County.[8] Major expressways which run through Luannan County include the G0111 Qinhuangdao–Binzhou Expressway and the S64 Tang–Gang Expressway.[8]
Notable people
editReferences
edit- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t 滦南县情简介 [Luannan County Introduction]. www.luannan.gov.cn (in Chinese). Luannan County People's Government. 2024-03-21. Archived from the original on 2024-06-30. Retrieved 2024-06-30.
- ^ a b c d e f g h 滦南县历史沿革 [Luannan County Historical Development]. xzqh.org (in Chinese). 2015-06-25. Archived from the original on 2023-07-22. Retrieved 2024-06-30.
- ^ a b c d e 历史沿革 [Historical Development]. www.luannan.gov.cn (in Chinese). Luannan County People's Government. 2022-06-14. Archived from the original on 2024-06-30. Retrieved 2024-06-30.
- ^ a b 滦南县概况地图 [Luannan County Overview]. xzqh.org (in Chinese). 2015-05-27. Archived from the original on 2023-07-22. Retrieved 2024-06-29.
- ^ 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 25 August 2023.
- ^ 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 25 August 2023.
- ^ a b c 2023年统计用区划代码（滦南县） [2023 Statistical Division Codes (Luannan County)] (in Chinese). National Bureau of Statistics of China. 2023. Archived from the original on 2024-02-11. Retrieved 2024-06-30.
- ^ a b 区位交通 [Area Transportation]. www.luannan.gov.cn (in Chinese). Luannan County People's Government. 2020-02-21. Archived from the original on 2024-06-30. Retrieved 2024-06-30.