Lothar de Maizière (German pronunciation: [də mɛˈzi̯ɛːɐ̯]; born 2 March 1940)[1] is a German former Christian Democratic politician. In 1990, he served as the head of the first and only democratically elected government of East Germany, holding this office during the final months before German reunification. Subsequently he briefly served as a minister in the new government of the unified Federal Republic of Germany until his past as a Stasi informant was revealed.
Lothar de Maizière | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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 de Maizière in the aftermath of the 1990 East German general election | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Minister for Special Affairs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In office 3 October 1990 – 17 December 1990 Serving with Rudolf Seiters, Hans Klein, Sabine Bergmann-Pohl, Günther Krause, Rainer Ortleb, Hansjoachim Walther | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chancellor | Helmut Kohl | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preceded by | Position established | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Succeeded by | Position abolished | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Minister-President of East Germany | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In office 12 April 1990 – 2 October 1990 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Head of state | Sabine Bergmann-Pohl (interim) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deputy | Peter-Michael Diestel | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preceded by | Hans Modrow (as Chairman of the Council of Ministers) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Succeeded by | Helmut Kohl (as Chancellor of Germany) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Minister of Foreign Affairs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Acting | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In office 20 August 1990 – 2 October 1990 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Minister-President | himself | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preceded by | Markus Meckel | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Succeeded by | Position abolished | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Personal details | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Born | 2 March 1940 Nordhausen, Province of Saxony, Free State of Prussia, Nazi Germany (now Thuringia, Germany) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Political party | Christian Democratic Union (1990–present) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other political affiliations | Christian Democratic Union (East Germany) (1956–1990) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Children | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residence | Berlin | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Alma mater | Hochschule für Musik Hanns Eisler Berlin Humboldt University of Berlin | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Occupation |
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Other offices held
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Leader of East Germany
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Family background
editMaizière belongs to a Huguenot family which takes its name from Maizières-lès-Metz and fled France for asylum in Prussia in the late 17th century;[2][1] the Maizière family attended French-language schools and Huguenot churches in Berlin until the beginning of the 20th century. He is the son of lawyer Clement de Maizière. His uncle Ulrich de Maizière was Inspector General of the West German Bundeswehr. His cousin Thomas de Maizière was a close advisor to Former Chancellor Angela Merkel and served as the Federal Minister of the Interior from 17 December 2013 to 14 March 2018 in Merkel's third cabinet.
Early life and education
editLothar de Maizière was born in Nordhausen, Thuringia, and attended the ancient Berlinisches Gymnasium zum Grauen Kloster,[3] where he was one of the last pupils before the school closed in 1958. He next studied viola at the Hanns Eisler College of Music in East Berlin from 1959 to 1965.[4] He played in the Berlin Symphony Orchestra[5] before studying law by distance learning through the Humboldt University of Berlin from 1969 to 1975.[6]
Career
editA longtime member of the East German Christian Democratic Union, Maizière helped oust the party's pro-Communist leadership after the fall of the Berlin Wall. He was elected the party's chairman in November 1989.[6] In the first and only free election held in East Germany, which the Christian Democratic Union and its allies won, Maizière was elected to the Volkskammer. One month later, he succeeded Hans Modrow as Premier[7] and held this position from 12 April until 2 October 1990, heading the de Maizière cabinet.[8] Having run on a platform of speedy reunification with West Germany, Maizière signed the Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany,[9][10] which ended the World War II Allies' rights and responsibilities in Berlin and Germany and preceded German reunification. The treaty provided that it would be signed by the four Allies and the two Germanies but ratified following reunification. In accordance with that treaty, East Germany ceased to exist on 3 October, and its territory was annexed by the Federal Republic.
After German reunification, he was appointed Minister for Special Affairs in the CDU government of chancellor Helmut Kohl, until his resignation on 17 December 1990 after it became known that he had worked for the East German Stasi as an informant codenamed "IM Czerni".[11][12]
References
edit- ^ a b "Lothar de Maizière, Geschichte der CDU, Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung". kas.de. March 1940. Retrieved 2 February 2017.
- ^ Dempsey, Judy (2 March 2011). "Merkel is Quick to Fill Open Cabinet Position". The New York Times. Retrieved 9 July 2015.
- ^ "Evangelisches Gymnasium zum Grauen Kloster". www.graues-kloster.de. Retrieved 7 February 2017.
- ^ "Who is Lothar de Maiziere?". 22 November 2011.
- ^ "Lothar de Mazière". www.bakuforum2016.com. Archived from the original on 5 August 2017. Retrieved 7 February 2017.
- ^ a b Derek Lewis & Ulrike Zitzlsperger, Historical Dictionary of Contemporary Germany, Rowman & Littlefield, 18 October 2016 p.412
- ^ Quint, Peter E. (2012). The Imperfect Union: Constitutional Structures of German Unification. Princeton University Press. p. 42.
- ^ "Address given by Lothar de Maizière on the eve of German unity (Berlin, 2 October 1990)". cvce.eu. 25 October 2012.
- ^ "Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany - Making the History of 1989". www.chnm.gmu.edu. Archived from the original on 7 May 2019. Retrieved 7 February 2017.
- ^ "Resources for The Treaty on the Final Settlement with respect to Germany - Subject files - CVCE Website". www.cvce.eu. Retrieved 7 February 2017.
- ^ "ZEIT ONLINE | Lesen Sie zeit.de mit Werbung oder im PUR-Abo. Sie haben die Wahl". Die Zeit. 24 January 1992.
- ^ "Biography: Lothar de Maizière - Biographies - Chronik der Wende". www.chronikderwende.de. Retrieved 7 February 2017.
External links
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Media related to Lothar de Maizière at Wikimedia Commons
Quotations related to Lothar de Maizière at Wikiquote
