Wikipedia

List of aerial victories claimed by Herbert Ihlefeld

Main article: Herbert Ihlefeld

Herbert Ihlefeld (1 June 1914 – 8 August 1995) was a German Luftwaffe military aviator during the Spanish Civil War and World War II, a fighter ace listed with 130 enemy aircraft shot down in over 1,000 combat missions. Depending on source, he claimed seven to nine aerial victories in the Spanish Civil War, and during World War II, 67 on the Eastern Front and 56 on the Western Front, including 15 four-engined bombers and 26 Supermarine Spitfires. He survived being shot down eight times during his 1,000 combat missions.[1]

List of aerial victories claimed edit

According to US historian David T. Zabecki, Ihlefeld was credited with 123 World War II aerial victories.[2] Spick lists him with 130 aerial victories, including seven claims in Spain, claimed in over 1,000 combat missions.[3] Mathews and Foreman, authors of Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims, researched the German Federal Archives and found documentation for 122 aerial victory claims, plus five further unconfirmed claims. This number includes nine claims during the Spanish Civil War, 48 on the Western Front, including three four-engined bombers, and 65 on the Eastern Front.[4]

Victory claims were logged to a map-reference (PQ = Planquadrat), for example "PQ 05 Ost S/ET-1". The Luftwaffe grid map (Jägermeldenetz) covered all of Europe, western Russia and North Africa and was composed of rectangles measuring 15 minutes of latitude by 30 minutes of longitude, an area of about 360 square miles (930 km2). These sectors were then subdivided into 36 smaller units to give a location area 3 km × 4 km (1.9 mi × 2.5 mi) in size.[5]

♠ (Ace of spades) indicates those aerial victories which made Ihlefeld an "ace-in-a-day", a term which designates a fighter pilot who has shot down five or more airplanes in a single day.
– (dash) indicates unconfirmed aerial victory claims for which Ihlefeld did not receive credit.
! (exclamation mark) indicates those aerial victories listed by Forsyth, Prien, Stemmer, Rodeike and Bock.
# (hash mark) indicates those aerial victories listed by Mathews and Foreman.
? (question mark) indicates information discrepancies listed by Prien, Stemmer, Rodeike, Bock, Mathews and Foreman.
Claim! Claim# Date Time Type Location Claim! Claim# Date Time Type Location
– 2. Staffel of Jagdgruppe 88 –[6]
Spanish Civil War
1 1 21 February 1938
—
 I-16[7]
—
 6 25 June 1938
—
 I-16[7]
2 2 13 March 1938
—
 I-15[7] 5 7 12 July 1938
—
 I-15[7]
3 3 11 May 1938
—
 I-16[7] 6 8 15 July 1938
—
 I-15[7]
—
 4 18 May 1938
—
 I-16[7] 7 9 15 July 1938
—
 I-15[7]
4 5 2 June 1938
—
 SB-2[7]
– Stab I.(Jagd) Gruppe of Lehrgeschwader 2 –[6]
Battle of France — 10 May – 25 June 1940
8 10 29 May 1940 20:12?[Note 1] MS.406 Chauny[8]
vicinity of Saint-Quentin
– Stab I.(Jagd) Gruppe of Lehrgeschwader 2 –[9]
At the Channel and over England — 26 June 1940 – 30 March 1941
9 11 30 June 1940 15:25 Blenheim east of Aire[10]
vicinity of Abbeville 		11 13 9 July 1940 17:04?[Note 2] Spitfire Thames Estuary[10]
10 12 30 June 1940 15:30 Spitfire west of Abbeville[10]
– 2.(Jagd) Staffel of Lehrgeschwader 2 –[11]
At the Channel and over England — 26 June 1940 – 30 March 1941
12 14 13 August 1940 17:10 Blenheim?[Note 3] Barham[12] 21 24 5 September 1940 11:10 Spitfire London[13]
near Biggin Hill
13 15 22 August 1940 15:30?[Note 4] Spitfire Dover[12] 22 25 5 September 1940
—
?[Note 5] 		Spitfire London[13]
vicinity of Hythe
16 22 August 1940 13:55 Blenheim 23 27 6 September 1940 10:10?[Note 6] Spitfire London[13]
14 17 22 August 1940 15:35?[Note 7] Spitfire Dover[12] 24 26 6 September 1940 17:55 Spitfire Ashford[13]
15 18 24 August 1940 12:40 Spitfire Dover[12]
vicinity of London 		25 28 7 September 1940 18:20?[Note 8] Spitfire Rochester[13]
16 19 24 August 1940 16:55 Spitfire London[12] 26 29 7 September 1940 18:30?[Note 9] Spitfire Maidstone[13]
17 20 30 August 1940 19:25 Spitfire Biggin Hill[12] 30 11 September 1940 16:50 Spitfire vicinity of London
18 21 31 August 1940 14:00 Spitfire Kenley[12] 31 11 September 1940 17:15 Spitfire vicinity of London
19 22 2 September 1940 14:25 Spitfire Dungeness[12] 27 32 15 September 1940 15:30?[Note 10] Spitfire London[13]
20 23 2 September 1940 18:20 Spitfire Sheerness[12]
– Stab I.(Jagd) Gruppe of Lehrgeschwader 2 –[14]
At the Channel and over England — 26 June 1940 – 30 March 1941
28 33 24 September 1940 10:25 Spitfire London[15] 35 39 26 February 1941 14:15 Spitfire 2 km (1.2 mi) west of Calais-Marck[16]
29 34 27 September 1940 10:10 Spitfire London[15] 36 40 1 March 1941 17:15 Spitfire 10 km (6.2 mi) west of Calais[16]
30
—
 27 September 1940 10:50 Spitfire London[15] 37 41 13 March 1941 13:55 Spitfire in the middle of the English Channel[16]
31 35 17 January 1941 16:00 Spitfire northeast of Boulogne-sur-Mer[15] 38 42 19 March 1941 19:08 Spitfire 10 km (6.2 mi) east of Hastings[16]
32 36 10 February 1941 13:24 Spitfire east of Dover[15] 39 43 19 March 1941 19:10 Spitfire 10 km (6.2 mi) east of Hastings[16]
33 37 14 February 1941 13:40 Spitfire west of Dover[16] 40 44 26 March 1941 12:30 Spitfire Dungeness[16]
34 38 14 February 1941 13:48 Spitfire west of Dover[16]
– Stab I.(Jagd) Gruppe of Lehrgeschwader 2 –[14]
Crete — 1 April – 1 June 1941
41 45 16 May 1941 16:50 Hurricane Maleme[17]
– Stab I.(Jagd) Gruppe of Lehrgeschwader 2 –[9]
Operation Barbarossa — 22 June – 5 December 1941
42 46 22 June 1941 04:30 I-16[18] 48 52 4 July 1941 17:48 I-15[18]
43 47 23 June 1941 05:50 SB-2[18] 49 53 6 July 1941 18:50 I-16[18]
44 48 26 June 1941 09:10 I-16[18] 50 54 9 July 1941 09:35 I-153[19]
45 49 26 June 1941 09:20 SB-2[18] 51 55 10 July 1941 13:17 I-15[19]
46 50 27 June 1941 09:20 I-16[18] 52 56 12 July 1941 11:20?[Note 11] MiG-3[19]
47 51 2 July 1941 16:07 I-16[18] 53 57 15 October 1941 17:42 MiG-3[19]
– Stab I.(Jagd) Gruppe of Lehrgeschwader 2 –[20]
Eastern Front — 6 December 1941 – 28 April 1942
54 58 8 December 1941 14:02 I-16[21] 59 63 22 December 1941 13:25 I-15[21]
55 59 9 December 1941 13:00 I-16[21] 60 64 27 December 1941 14:00 I-16[21]
56 60 11 December 1941 10:12 I-16[21]
—
—
 28 December 1941
—
 MiG-3[21]
57 61 11 December 1941 10:15 SB-3[21] 61 65 5 January 1942 15:00 I-26[21]
58 62 22 December 1941 10:05 MiG-3[21]
– Stab I. Gruppe of Jagdgeschwader 77 –[9]
Eastern Front — 6 December 1941 – 28 April 1942
62 66 19 January 1942 15:15 I-16[22] 85♠ 89 30 March 1942 11:48 R-10 (Seversky)[23]
63 67 24 January 1942 12:10 I-16[22] 86♠ 90 30 March 1942 11:50 I-16[23]
64 68 24 January 1942 12:12 I-16?[22][Note 12] 87♠ 91 30 March 1942 11:53 I-61 (MiG-3)?[23][Note 13]
65 69 25 January 1942 12:35 R-10 (Seversky)[22] 88 92 6 April 1942 15:16 I-61 (MiG-3)[23]
66 70 4 February 1942 12:30 I-16?[22][Note 12] 89 93 8 April 1942 15:40 I-16?[23][Note 14]
67 71 4 February 1942 15:50 I-16?[22][Note 15] 90 94 19 April 1942 09:00+ I-61 (MiG-3)?[23][Note 16]
68 72 11 February 1942 14:00 I-16[22] 91 95 19 April 1942 11:45 I-61 (MiG-3)?[23][Note 16]
69 73 17 March 1942 09:00 I-26 (Yak-1)[25] 92 96 19 April 1942 11:15?[Note 17] I-61 (MiG-3)[23]
70 74 20 March 1942 13:25?[Note 18] R-5?[25][Note 18] 93 97 19 April 1942 15:20 I-61 (MiG-3)[23]
75 20 March 1942 16:50 I-16 94♠ 98 20 April 1942 08:10 I-61 (MiG-3)[23]
71 76 21 March 1942 12:55 I-26 (Yak-1)[25] 95♠ 99 20 April 1942 08:11 I-61 (MiG-3)[23]
72 21 March 1942 15:00 R-5[25] 96♠ 100 20 April 1942 08:12 I-61 (MiG-3)[23]
73 77 21 March 1942 17:05 I-16[25] 97♠ 101 20 April 1942 11:30?[Note 19] I-61 (MiG-3)[23]
74 78 21 March 1942 17:10 I-16[25] 98♠ 102 20 April 1942 14:55 I-61 (MiG-3)[26]
75♠ 79 24 March 1942 07:00 I-26 (Yak-1)[25] 99♠ 103 20 April 1942 14:56 I-61 (MiG-3)[26]
76♠ 80 24 March 1942 07:10?[Note 20] I-16?[25][Note 20] 100♠ 104 20 April 1942 14:57 I-61 (MiG-3)[26]
77♠ 81 24 March 1942 13:30?[Note 21] I-301 (LaGG-3)?[25][Note 21] 101 105 21 April 1942 17:10 I-61 (MiG-3)[26]
78♠ 82 24 March 1942 13:35?[Note 22] I-301 (LaGG-3)?[25][Note 22] 102 106 21 April 1942 17:13 I-61 (MiG-3)[26]
79♠ 83 24 March 1942 13:37?[Note 23] I-301 (LaGG-3)[25] 103 107 22 April 1942 10:30 I-301 (LaGG-3)[26]
80 84 27 March 1942 17:00?[Note 24] I-61 (MiG-3)?[23][Note 24] 104 108 22 April 1942 10:31?[Note 25] I-301 (LaGG-3)[26]
81♠ 85 30 March 1942 09:45 I-301 (LaGG-3)[23] 105 109 22 April 1942 17:15?[Note 26] I-301 (LaGG-3)[26]
82♠ 86 30 March 1942 09:45 I-61 (MiG-3)?[23][Note 16] 106 110 22 April 1942 17:30 I-301 (LaGG-3)[26]
83♠ 87 30 March 1942 11:40 I-61 (MiG-3)[23] 107 25 April 1942 16:25 I-15[26]
84♠ 88 30 March 1942 11:42 R-10 (Seversky)[23]
– Stab of Jagdgeschwader 52 –[24]
Eastern Front — 6 December 1941 – 28 April 1942
108
—
 1 July 1942 16:00+ MiG-1[27] 110
—
 9 July 1942 09:00+ I-16[27]
109
—
 4 July 1942 15:00+ Hurricane[27] 111 July 1942
—
 unknown[27]
– Stab of Jagdgruppe 25 –[24]
Defense of the Reich — November 1943
112 111 13 November 1943 11:45?[Note 27] P-38 PQ 05 Ost S/TS-1[28]
south of Quakenbrück
– Stab of Jagdgeschwader 1 –[24]
Invasion of Normandy — June – August 1944
113 112 8 May 1944 09:56 B-17 PQ 05 Ost S/ET-1, vicinity of Verden[29][30] 119 118 14 July 1944 19:19 Spitfire PQ 15 West UU-1[29]
PQ 95 Ost S/UU-1, south of Caen[31]
114 113 8 May 1944 12:00?[Note 28] B-17 PQ 05 Ost S/ET-2, vicinity of Verden[29][30]
northwest of Celle 		120 119 18 July 1944 09:55 P-38 PQ 05 Ost S/UG-1/5, northwest of Paris[32]
115 114 12 July 1944 19:03 Spitfire PQ 15 West TT-9[29]
PQ 95 Ost S/UU-9, vicinity of Caen[31] 		121 120 25 July 1944 19:23 Lancaster PQ 05 Ost S/TC-3, vicinity of Rouen[32]
116 115 12 July 1944 19:05?[Note 29] Spitfire PQ 95 Ost S/UU-8, vicinity of Caen[31] 122 121 25 July 1944 19:30 Spitfire PQ 05 Ost S/TC-3, vicinity of Rouen[32]
117 116 12 July 1944 19:07?[Note 30] Spitfire PQ 95 Ost S/UU-8, vicinity of Caen[31] 123 122 27 July 1944 07:27 P-51 PQ 95 Ost S/UU, vicinity of Caen[32]
118 117 14 July 1944 19:17 P-51 PQ 15 West UU-1[29]
PQ 95 Ost S/UU-1, south of Caen[31] 		124 1 August 1944
—
 P-51 PQ 04 Ost N/AA, south of Lisieux[32]
– Stab of Jagdgeschwader 1 –
Defense of the Reich — November 1944
125 26 November 1944
—
 B-17[33]

Notes edit

  1. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 20:22.[6]
  2. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 13:04.[6]
  3. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed as a Hawker Hurricane.[6]
  4. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 13:50.[6]
  5. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 11:10.[14]
  6. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 18:20.[14]
  7. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 14:05.[6]
  8. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 17:55.[14]
  9. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 18:20.[14]
  10. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 16:20.[14]
  11. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 11:12.[14]
  12. ^ a b According to Mathews and Foreman claimed as a Tupolev SB-3.[14]
  13. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed as a Seversky.[24]
  14. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed as a Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-3.[24]
  15. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed as a Seversky.[14]
  16. ^ a b c According to Mathews and Foreman claimed as a Lavochkin-Gorbunov-Gudkov LaGG-3.[24]
  17. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 11:45.[24]
  18. ^ a b According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 16:25 as an Ilyushin DB-3.[14]
  19. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 11:40.[24]
  20. ^ a b According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 07:02 as a Yakovlev Yak-1.[24]
  21. ^ a b According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 13:28 as a Seversky.[24]
  22. ^ a b According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 13:40 as a Seversky.[24]
  23. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 16:30.[24]
  24. ^ a b According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 13:40 as a Lavochkin-Gorbunov-Gudkov LaGG-3.[24]
  25. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 06:51.[24]
  26. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 12:35.[24]
  27. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 11:58.[24]
  28. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 10:00.[24]
  29. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 19:04.[24]
  30. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 19:05.[24]

References edit

Citations edit

  1. ^ Spick 2006, pp. 231–232.
  2. ^ Zabecki 2019, p. 330.
  3. ^ Spick 1996, p. 230.
  4. ^ Mathews & Foreman 2015, pp. 570–572.
  5. ^ Planquadrat.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 570.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i Forsyth 2011, p. 103.
  8. ^ Prien et al. 2000, p. 407.
  9. ^ a b c Mathews & Foreman 2015, pp. 364–365.
  10. ^ a b c Prien et al. 2002, p. 393.
  11. ^ Mathews & Foreman 2015, pp. 570–571.
  12. ^ a b c d e f g h i Prien et al. 2002, p. 394.
  13. ^ a b c d e f g Prien et al. 2002, p. 395.
  14. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 571.
  15. ^ a b c d e Prien et al. 2002, p. 397.
  16. ^ a b c d e f g h Prien et al. 2002, p. 398.
  17. ^ Prien et al. 2003a, p. 311.
  18. ^ a b c d e f g h Prien et al. 2003b, p. 404.
  19. ^ a b c d Prien et al. 2003b, p. 406.
  20. ^ Mathews & Foreman 2015, pp. 571–572.
  21. ^ a b c d e f g h i Prien et al. 2005, p. 281.
  22. ^ a b c d e f g Prien et al. 2005, p. 282.
  23. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Prien et al. 2005, p. 285.
  24. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 572.
  25. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Prien et al. 2005, p. 284.
  26. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Prien et al. 2005, p. 286.
  27. ^ a b c d Prien et al. 2006, p. 390.
  28. ^ Prien et al. 2009, p. 71.
  29. ^ a b c d e Prien, Stemmer & Bock 2018, p. 60.
  30. ^ a b Prien & Rodeike 1996a, p. 1208.
  31. ^ a b c d e Prien & Rodeike 1996a, p. 1212.
  32. ^ a b c d e Prien & Rodeike 1996a, p. 1213.
  33. ^ Prien & Rodeike 1996b, p. 1652.

Bibliography edit

  • Bergström, Christer [in Swedish]. "Bergström Black Cross/Red Star website". Identifying a Luftwaffe Planquadrat. Archived from the original on 22 December 2018. Retrieved 27 June 2018.
  • Forsyth, Robert (2011). Aces of the Legion Condor. Aircraft of the Aces. Vol. 99. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84908-347-8.
  • Mathews, Andrew Johannes; Foreman, John (2015). Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims — Volume 2 G–L. Walton on Thames: Red Kite. ISBN 978-1-906592-19-6.
  • Prien, Jochen; Rodeike, Peter (1996a). Jagdgeschwader 1 und 11—Einsatz in der Reichsverteidigung von 1939 bis 1945—Teil 2—1944 [Jagdgeschwader 1 and 11—Operations in the Defense of the Reich from 1939 to 1945—Volume 2—1944] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN 978-3-923457-24-3.
  • Prien, Jochen; Rodeike, Peter (1996b). Jagdgeschwader 1 und 11—Einsatz in der Reichsverteidigung von 1939 bis 1945—Teil 3—1944–1945 [Jagdgeschwader 1 and 11—Operations in the Defense of the Reich from 1939 to 1945—Volume 3—1944–1945] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN 978-3-923457-25-0.
  • Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2000). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945 Teil 3—Einsatz in Dänemark und Norwegen 9.4. bis 30.11.1940—Der Feldzug im Westen 10.5. bis 25.6.1940 [Fighter Pilot Association of the German Luftwaffe 1934 to 1945 Part 3—Assignments in Denmark and Norway 9 April to 30 November 1940—The campaign in the West 10 May to 25 June 1940] (in German). Struve-Druck. ISBN 978-3-923457-61-8.
  • Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2002). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 4/II—Einsatz am Kanal und über England—26.6.1940 bis 21.6.1941 [The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 4/II—Action at the Channel and over England—26 June 1940 to 21 June 1941] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN 978-3-923457-64-9.
  • Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2003a). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 5—Heimatverteidigung—10. Mai 1940 bis 31 Dezember 1941—Einsatz im Mittelmeerraum—Oktober 1940 bis November 1941—Einsatz im Westen—22. Juni bis 31. Dezember 1941—Die Ergänzungsjagdgruppen—Einsatz 1941 bis zur Auflösung Anfang 1942 [The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 5—Defense of the Reich—10 May 1940 to 31 December 1941—Action in the Mediterranean Theater—October 1940 to November 1941—Action in the West—22 June to 31 December 1941—The Supplementary Fighter Groups—Action from 1941 until their Breakup in Early 1942] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN 978-3-923457-68-7.
  • Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2003b). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 6/II—Unternehmen "BARBAROSSA"—Einsatz im Osten—22.6. bis 5.12.1941 [The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 6/II—Operation "BARBAROSSA"—Action in the East—22 June to 5 December 1941] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN 978-3-923457-70-0.
  • Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2005). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 9/I—Winterkampf im Osten—6.12.1941 bis 30.4.1942 [The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 9/I—Winter War in the East—6 December 1941 to 30 April 1942] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN 978-3-923457-76-2.
  • Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2006). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 9/II—Vom Sommerfeldzug 1942 bis zur Niederlage von Stalingrad—1.5.1942 bis 3.2.1943 [The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 9/II—From the 1942 Summer Campaign to the Defeat at Stalingrad—1 May 1942 to 3 February 1943] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN 978-3-923457-77-9.
  • Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2009). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 10/III—Reichsverteidigung—1.1. bis 31.12.1943 [The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 10/III—Defense of the Reich—1 January to 31 December 1943] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN 978-3-923457-89-2.
  • Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Bock, Winfried (2018). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 13/IV—Einsatz im Reichsverteidigung und im Westen—1.1. bis 31.12.1944 [The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 13/IV—Action in the Defense of the Reich and in the West—1 January to 31 December 1944] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN 978-3-942943-19-2.
  • Spick, Mike (1996). Luftwaffe Fighter Aces: The Jadgflieger and their Combat Tactics and Techniques. New York: Ivy Books. ISBN 978-0-8041-1696-1.
  • Spick, Mike (2006). Aces of the Reich. London, UK: Greenhill Books. ISBN 978-1-85367-675-8.
  • Zabecki, David T., ed. (2019). The German War Machine in World War II. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-Clio. ISBN 978-1-44-086918-1.
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