Kalach-na-Donu (Russian: Кала́ч-на-Дону́), or Kalach-on-the-Don, is a town and the administrative center of Kalachyovsky District in Volgograd Oblast, Russia, located on the Don River, 72 kilometers (45 mi) west of Volgograd, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 17,624 (2021 Census);[9] 26,910 (2010 Census);[5] 26,882 (2002 Census);[10] 22,979 (1989 Soviet census).[11]
Kalach-na-Donu
Калач-на-Дону | |
|---|---|
 Church of Saint Nicholas | |
.png) Coat of arms | |
Location of Kalach-na-Donu  | |
  Kalach-na-Donu Location of Kalach-na-Donu  Kalach-na-Donu Kalach-na-Donu (Volgograd Oblast) | |
| Coordinates: 48°42′N 43°31′E / 48.700°N 43.517°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Volgograd Oblast[1] |
| Administrative district | Kalachyovsky District[1] |
| Town of district significance | Kalach-na-Donu[2] |
| Founded | 1708[3] |
| Town status since | April 18, 1951[4] |
| Elevation | 40 m (130 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 26,910 |
| • Capital of | Kalachyovsky District,[1] town of district significance of Kalach-na-Donu[2] |
| • Municipal district | Kalachyovsky Municipal District[6] |
| • Urban settlement | Kalachevskoye Urban Settlement[6] |
| • Capital of | Kalachyovsky Municipal District,[6] Kalachevskoye Urban Settlement[6] |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (MSK  [7]) |
| Postal code(s)[8] | 404507 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 84472 |
| OKTMO ID | 18616101001 |
| Website | www |
The town is unofficially divided into several parts: Starii Kalach (“Old Kalach”, located in the northwest, closest to the bridge); the main part of the city (has no name, and its areas correspond to the names of bus stops), Stroyrayon ("District of new houses", the newest part of the town) and the village of Cherkasovo.
History
editIt was founded in 1708 as a Cossack sloboda and was originally called Kalach (Калач).[3]
In 1862, the Volga-Don Railway was built from Tsaritsyn to Kalach - the oldest operating railway in the territory of the modern Volgograd region. This railroad brought prosperity to the town in the early 20th century.
During the Russian Civil War, Kalach was important in the defense of Tsaritsyn. One of the most massive uprisings of the Cossacks against Bolshevik rule took place in this area. The town moved from one side to the other about eight times.
In World War II, the town lent its name to an armored clash between the German 6th Army and the Soviet 64th and 1st Tank Armies from July 25 to August 11, 1942.[12] About three months later, during Operation Uranus, several Soviet tank corps encircled the besieging German 6th Army in Stalingrad by capturing Kalach, thus cutting off German supply routes.
It was granted town status on April 18, 1951.[4] At the same time, its name was changed to Kalach-na-Donu, to distinguish it from an eponymous town in Voronezh Oblast.[3] By Construction of Volga–Don Canal in 1952, The city become the end point of the canal.
During the Soviet period, an industrial cluster was built in the town: shipyard, heavy vehicle repair workshop, dairy factory, fish factory, bakery, metal structures plant and others.
In 1976, a road bridge across the Don River was built near the town.
In the 1990s, the population of Kalach-on-Don grew slightly due to thousands of Russian repatriates from the republics of the former USSR.
In the summer of 2006, forest fires burned in the suburbs of the town.
Since March 25, 2010, the town has the honorary title City of Military Glory (Decree of Russian President Dmitry Medvedev No. 342). The town has this title for its historical role in the events of the Battle of Stalingrad.
In 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic, a new infectious diseases hospital was built in the town.
On July 9, 2024, six Ukrainian kamikaze drones attacked an oil storage facility near the town shipyard.
Administrative and municipal status
editWithin the framework of administrative divisions, Kalach-na-Donu serves as the administrative center of Kalachyovsky District.[1] As an administrative division, it is, together with the settlement of Dom otdykha, incorporated within Kalachyovsky District as the town of district significance of Kalach-na-Donu.[2] As a municipal division, the town of district significance of Kalach-na-Donu is incorporated within Kalachyovsky Municipal District as Kalachevskoye Urban Settlement.[6]
Economy
editMajor employers:
Parks and recreation
editBoulevard of the 300th anniversary of Kalach-on-Don.
- Square of Fallen Fighters.
- Park Alley of Heroes.
Education
edit- № 1 Secondary school
- № 2 Secondary school
- № 3 Secondary school
- № 4 Secondary school
- College of Industrial Trades
- Technical boarding school
Media
edit- The Borba, daily newspaper (since 1931)
- The Kalach-na-Donu, daily newspaper
- The Kalachesvsky Westanik, newspaper
- "White Swan", a Volgograd regional music\news radio station.
- "AvtoRadio", federal pop music radio station.
Transportation
editThe federal highway A260 runs near the town.
Notable people
editPhotos
editReferences
editNotes
edit- ^ a b c d e Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 18 216», в ред. изменения №278/2015 от 1 января 2016 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division (OKATO). Code 18 216, as amended by the Amendment #278/2015 of January 1, 2016. ).
- ^ a b c Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 18 216 501», в ред. изменения №278/2015 от 1 января 2016 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division (OKATO). Code 18 216 501, as amended by the Amendment #278/2015 of January 1, 2016. ).
- ^ a b c "My Town" Encyclopedia. Entry on Kalach-na-Donu (in Russian)
- ^ a b Official website of Kalachyovskoye Urban Settlement. History of Kalach-na-Donu (in Russian)
- ^ a b Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ a b c d e Law #994-OD
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service. Всероссийская перепись населения 2020 года. Том 1 [2020 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1] (XLS) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ Stalingrad.net website. The term "Battle of Kalach" is used in English- and German-language histories; this may not be the case in Russian-language sources. "The German Sixth Army on the Way to Catastrophe." Archived November 13, 2013, at the Wayback Machine
Sources
edit- Волгоградская областная Дума. Закон №994-ОД от 20 января 2005 г. «Об установлении границ и наделении статусом Калачевского района и муниципальных образований в его составе», в ред. Закона №1453-ОД от 28 апреля 2007 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Волгоградской области от 20 января 2005 г. №994-ОД "Об установлении границ и наделении статусом Калачевского района и муниципальных образований в его составе"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Волгоградская правда", №13, 26 января 2005 г. (Volgograd Oblast Duma. Law #994-OD of January 20, 2005 On Establishing the Borders and Granting the Status to Kalachevsky District and the Municipal Formations Comprising It, as amended by the Law #1453-OD of April 28, 2007 On Amending the Law of Volgograd Oblast #994-OD of January 20, 2005 "On Establishing the Borders and Granting the Status to Kalachevsky District and the Municipal Formations Comprising It". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
External links
edit
Media related to Kalach-na-Donu at Wikimedia Commons
- Official website of Kalach-na-Donu (in Russian)
- Kalach-na-Donu Business Directory (in Russian)