INHA

For the art institute called "INHA", see Institut national d'histoire de l'art. For the South Korean university, see Inha University.

Inhibin, alpha, also known as INHA, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the INHA gene.

INHA
Identifiers
Aliases	INHA, inhibin alpha subunit, inhibin subunit alpha
External IDs	OMIM: 147380; MGI: 96569; HomoloGene: 1652; GeneCards: INHA; OMA:INHA - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 2 (human) Band 2q35 Start 219,569,162 bp End 219,575,711 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 1 (mouse) Band 1 C4|1 39.16 cM Start 75,483,721 bp End 75,487,010 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in right testis left testis right adrenal gland left ovary right adrenal cortex left adrenal gland right ovary left adrenal cortex gonad right auricle Top expressed in cumulus cell Gonadal ridge ovary testicle seminiferous tubule superior frontal gyrus spermatocyte primary visual cortex membrana granulosa of ovarian follicle adrenal gland More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function cytokine activity hormone activity protein binding protein heterodimerization activity transforming growth factor beta receptor binding growth factor activity signaling receptor binding inhibin binding Cellular component cytoplasm inhibin-betaglycan-ActRII complex photoreceptor inner segment photoreceptor outer segment extracellular region soma inhibin A complex inhibin B complex extracellular space Biological process regulation of apoptotic process skeletal system development cell differentiation male gonad development regulation of MAPK cascade SMAD protein signal transduction cell development negative regulation of macrophage differentiation cell-cell signaling positive regulation of pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation negative regulation of cell cycle positive regulation of follicle-stimulating hormone secretion regulation of cell cycle cell surface receptor signaling pathway regulation of cell population proliferation hemoglobin biosynthetic process negative regulation of B cell differentiation ovarian follicle development erythrocyte differentiation negative regulation of follicle-stimulating hormone secretion negative regulation of phosphorylation signal transduction BMP signaling pathway regulation of signaling receptor activity Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 3623 16322 Ensembl ENSG00000123999 ENSMUSG00000032968 UniProt P05111 Q04997 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_002191 NM_010564 NM_001329843 RefSeq (protein) NP_002182 NP_001316772 NP_034694 Location (UCSC) Chr 2: 219.57 – 219.58 Mb Chr 1: 75.48 – 75.49 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
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Function

The inhibin alpha subunit joins either the beta A or beta B subunit to form a pituitary FSH secretion inhibitor. Inhibin has been shown to regulate gonadal stromal cell proliferation negatively and to have tumour-suppressor activity. In addition, serum levels of inhibin have been shown to reflect the size of granulosa-cell tumors and can therefore be used as a marker for primary as well as recurrent disease.

However, in prostate cancer, expression of the inhibin alpha-subunit gene was suppressed and was not detectable in poorly differentiated tumor cells. Furthermore, because expression in gonadal and various extragonadal tissues may vary severalfold in a tissue-specific fashion, it is proposed that inhibin may be both a growth/differentiation factor and a hormone.

See also

• Inhibin

Further reading

• Mellor SL, Richards MG, Pedersen JS, Robertson DM, Risbridger GP (1998). "Loss of the expression and localization of inhibin alpha-subunit in high grade prostate cancer". J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 83 (3): 969–75. doi:10.1210/jcem.83.3.4640. PMID 9506758.
• Munz B, Hübner G, Tretter Y, Alzheimer C, Werner S (1999). "A novel role of activin in inflammation and repair". J. Endocrinol. 161 (2): 187–93. doi:10.1677/joe.0.1610187. PMID 10320815.
• Welt C, Sidis Y, Keutmann H, Schneyer A (2002). "Activins, inhibins, and follistatins: from endocrinology to signaling. A paradigm for the new millennium". Exp. Biol. Med. (Maywood). 227 (9): 724–52. doi:10.1177/153537020222700905. PMID 12324653. S2CID 19795772.
• Shav-Tal Y, Zipori D (2003). "The role of activin a in regulation of hemopoiesis". Stem Cells. 20 (6): 493–500. doi:10.1634/stemcells.20-6-493. PMID 12456957. S2CID 36242096.
• Shao L, Frigon NL, Young AL, Yu AL, Mathews LS, Vaughan J, et al. (1992). "Effect of activin A on globin gene expression in purified human erythroid progenitors". Blood. 79 (3): 773–81. doi:10.1182/blood.V79.3.773.bloodjournal793773. PMID 1310063.
• Vannelli GB, Barni T, Forti G, Negro-Vilar A, Vale W, Serio M, et al. (1992). "Immunolocalization of inhibin alpha-subunit in the human testis. A light- and electron-microscopy study". Cell Tissue Res. 269 (2): 221–7. doi:10.1007/bf00319612. PMID 1423490.
• Matzuk MM, Finegold MJ, Su JG, Hsueh AJ, Bradley A (1992). "Alpha-inhibin is a tumour-suppressor gene with gonadal specificity in mice". Nature. 360 (6402): 313–9. Bibcode:1992Natur.360..313M. doi:10.1038/360313a0. PMID 1448148. S2CID 4327163.
• Shimonaka M, Inouye S, Shimasaki S, Ling N (1991). "Follistatin binds to both activin and inhibin through the common subunit". Endocrinology. 128 (6): 3313–5. doi:10.1210/endo-128-6-3313. PMID 2036994.
• Mason AJ, Berkemeier LM, Schmelzer CH, Schwall RH (1990). "Activin B: precursor sequences, genomic structure and in vitro activities". Mol. Endocrinol. 3 (9): 1352–8. doi:10.1210/mend-3-9-1352. PMID 2575216.
• Barton DE, Yang-Feng TL, Mason AJ, Seeburg P, Francke U (1989). "Mapping of genes for inhibin subunits alpha, beta A, and beta B on human and mouse chromosomes and studies of jsd mice". Genomics. 5 (1): 91–9. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(89)90091-8. PMID 2767687.
• Lappöhn RE, Burger HG, Bouma J, Bangah M, Krans M, De Bruijn HW (1989). "Inhibin as a marker for granulosa-cell tumors". N. Engl. J. Med. 321 (12): 790–3. doi:10.1056/NEJM198909213211204. PMID 2770810.
• Mayo KE, Cerelli GM, Spiess J, Rivier J, Rosenfeld MG, Evans RM, et al. (1986). "Inhibin A-subunit cDNAs from porcine ovary and human placenta". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 83 (16): 5849–53. Bibcode:1986PNAS...83.5849M. doi:10.1073/pnas.83.16.5849. PMC 386393. PMID 3016724.
• Ramasharma K, Li CH (1987). "Characteristics of binding of human seminal alpha-inhibin-92 to human pituitary membranes". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84 (11): 3595–8. Bibcode:1987PNAS...84.3595R. doi:10.1073/pnas.84.11.3595. PMC 304921. PMID 3035540.
• Murata M, Eto Y, Shibai H, Sakai M, Muramatsu M (1988). "Erythroid differentiation factor is encoded by the same mRNA as that of the inhibin beta A chain". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 85 (8): 2434–8. Bibcode:1988PNAS...85.2434M. doi:10.1073/pnas.85.8.2434. PMC 280011. PMID 3267209.
• Burger HG, Igarashi M (1988). "Inhibin: definition and nomenclature, including related substances". Endocrinology. 122 (4): 1701–2. doi:10.1210/endo-122-4-1701. PMID 3345731.
• Mason AJ, Niall HD, Seeburg PH (1986). "Structure of two human ovarian inhibins". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 135 (3): 957–64. doi:10.1016/0006-291X(86)91021-1. PMID 3754442.
• Stewart AG, Milborrow HM, Ring JM, Crowther C, Forage R (1986). "Human inhibin genes. Genomic characterisation and sequencing". FEBS Lett. 206 (2): 329–34. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(86)81006-7. PMID 3758355. S2CID 21261385.
• Xu J, McKeehan K, Matsuzaki K, McKeehan WL (1995). "Inhibin antagonizes inhibition of liver cell growth by activin by a dominant-negative mechanism". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (11): 6308–13. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.11.6308. PMID 7890768.
• Nishihara T, Okahashi N, Ueda N (1994). "Activin A induces apoptotic cell death". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 197 (2): 985–91. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1993.2576. PMID 8267637.
• Mason AJ, Farnworth PG, Sullivan J (1997). "Characterization and determination of the biological activities of noncleavable high molecular weight forms of inhibin A and activin A". Mol. Endocrinol. 10 (9): 1055–65. doi:10.1210/mend.10.9.8885240. PMID 8885240.