The House of Crussol (formerly Bastet), is a surviving family of French nobility, originally from Languedoc. Its members have included general officers, a governor, prelates, a woman of letters in the 18th century and deputies in 1789 and the 19th century. The title, Duke of Uzès, was given to the family in 1565 and the Peerage in 1572.
| House of Crussol | |
|---|---|
.svg) Arms of the House of Crussol | |
| Country |  France |
| Founder | Gérald Bastet |
| Titles | |
| Estate(s) | Château de Crussol Château d'Uzès Château de Bonnelles Château de La Celle-lès-Bordes Château de Maulnes Hôtel d'Uzès (Paris) Hôtel d'Uzès (Tonnerre) |
History
editThe Crussol family has proven its nobility since 1215 and was admitted to the honors of the Court in the 18th century.[1]
Bastet: "a nickname taken by Gérald Bastet or Bastetz, lord of Crussol, of Cruszol, who lived in 1160". Crussol, from the name of a barony located in Vivarais near Valence, to end up completely substituting the name of Crussol for his original surname. Gérald Bastet was a nephew of Odon de Chaponay, Bishop of Valence.[2]
In 1565, the family was given the title of Duke of Uzès and the Peerage in 1572.[3]
Branches
edit
Lords of Uzès, then Viscounts of Uzès (1486), then Dukes of Uzès (1565)
edit- Louis Bastet de Crussol, governor of Dauphiné (1463–1472), Seneschal of Poitou.
- Jacques de Crussol (1460–1525), son of the previous, 1st Viscount of Uzès.
- Charles de Crussol (1483–1546), 9th Viscount of Uzès
- Antoine de Crussol, 1st Duke of Uzès (1528–1573), 1st Duke of Uzès, Peer of France, military leader.
- Jacques de Crussol, 2nd Duke of Uzès (1540–1586), 2nd Duke of Uzès, lieutenant general of Languedoc.
- Emmanuel de Crussol, 3rd Duke of Uzès (1570–1657), 3rd Duke of Uzès
- François de Crussol, 4th Duke of Uzès (1604–1680), 4th Duke of Uzès
- Emmanuel de Crussol, 5th Duke of Uzès (1642–1692), 5th Duke of Uzès
- François Charles de Crussol (1679–1736), styled Count of Uzès (younger son of the 5th Duke of Uzès), participant in the Battles of Fleurus, Steinkerque, Neerwinden of the Nine Years' War, then governor of Oléron and Landrecies.
- François de Crussol d'Uzès (1702–1758), sometimes called Crussol d'Uzès d'Amboise, Bishop of Blois, then Archbishop of Toulouse.
- François-Joseph-Emmanuel de Crussol d'Uzès (1735–1789), Bishop of La Rochelle.
- Marie-François-Emmanuel de Crussol (1756–1843), 10th Duke of Uzès, Lieutenant General and Peer of France in 1814.
- Adrien-François-Emmanuel de Crussol (1778–1837), styled Duke of Crussol, deputy, Peer of France.
- Géraud de Crussol, 11th Duke of Uzès (1808–1872), 11th Duke of Uzès, deputy.
- Emmanuel de Crussol, 12th Duke of Uzès (1840–1878), Duke of Uzès, deputy, husband of the famous and wealthy Anne de Rochechouart de Mortemart, heiress of Veuve Clicquot known by her title of Duchess of Uzès.
Marquesses of Saint-Sulpice
edit- Jacques Christophe de Crussol (c. 1608–1680), Marquis of Saint-Sulpice (second son of the 3rd Duke of Uzès)[4]
- Emmanuel Charles de Crussol (c. 1638–1694), Marquis of Saint-Sulpice
- Philippe Emmanuel de Crussol (1685–1761), Marquis of Saint-Sulpice
- Alexandre Galliot de Crussol (c. 1650–1703), Marquis of Saint-Sulpice
- Jean Emmanuel de Crussol (1699–1735), Marquis of Amboise[5]
Marquesses of Florensac
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- Louis de Crussol (c. 1645–1716), Marquis of Florensac, maréchal de camp.
- Anne-Charlotte de Crussol de Florensac (1700–1772), Duchess of Aiguillon through her marriage to Armand-Louis de Vignerot du Plessis, 5th Duke of Aiguillon, woman of letters, friend of Montesquieu and philosophers.
Marquesses of Montsalès
edit- Alexandre Galliot de Crussol (c. 1615–1680), Marquis of Montsalés (younger son of the 3rd Duke of Uzès)[4]
- Louis de Crussol (1653–1712), Marquis de Crussol
- Emmanuel de Crussol (c. 1656–1713), Marquis of Montsalés
Marquesses of Cuisieux
edit- Armand de Crussol (1634–1663), Marquis of Cuisieux (youngest son of the 3rd Duke of Uzès)[4]
- François de Crussol (c. 1660–c. 1711), Marquis of Cuisieux[6]
Other members
edit- Odon de Crussol, prelate and Bishop of Valence in the 12th century.
- Giraud Bastet de Crussol, prelate in the 15th century, Archbishop of Tours, then Bishop of Valence and Die (1468-1472) and Patriarch of Antioch, younger brother of Louis de Crussol.
- Alexandre-Charles-Emmanuel de Crussol (1743–1815), deputy to the Estates General of 1789.
- Emmanuel-Henri-Charles de Crussol (1741–1818), deputy to the Estates General of 1789.
- Anne Emmanuel François Georges de Crussol d'Uzès, Marquis of Amboise and Fors, Lieutenant General of the King's Armies, owner of fiefs in the parish of Fors, Seneschal of Niort. Deputy to the Estates General of 1789, executed on 26 July 1794 in Paris.
- Anne de Rochechouart de Mortemart (1847–1933), by marriage, the Duchess of Uzès, the most famous member of this family, emblematic of the French nobility under the Third Republic, died at the Château de Dampierre in 1933.
- Marie-Louise Béziers (1904–1991), by marriage, the Marquise de Crussol, known as "the Red Marquise", Parisian literary and political salonnière, restorer of the Château d’Uzès.[7]
- Margaret de Crussol d'Uzès (née Margaret "Peggy" Bedford, formerly Bancroft and d'Arenberg) (1932–1977), American‐born oil heiress.[8]
Arms and motto
editIn 1486, Jacques de Crussol acquired the viscountcy of Uzès from his marriage to Simone d'Uzès, on condition that he bear the name and arms of Uzès.
-
Until 1486: gold and sinople band, by Crussol -
1486-1546: party 1st gold and sinople fess of six pieces; 2nd gules with three gold bands, which is from Uzès -
Since 1565: quartered, 1st and 4th, party Crussol, Lévis; 2nd and 3rd, counter-quartered Gourdon, Genouillac; Uzès on the whole
References
edit- ^ Almanach de Gotha (in French). Johann Paul Mevius sel. Witwe und Johann Christian Dieterich. 1893. p. 492. Retrieved 2 November 2020.
- ^ d'Est-Ange, Chaix (1913). Dictionnaire des familles françaises anciennes ou notables à la fin du 19th century. t.XII. Cos-Cum (in French). Imp. de C. Hérissey. pp. 379–384. Retrieved 30 September 2024.
- ^ Maignien, Edmond (1870). Généalogies et armoiries dauphinoises (in French). Drevet. Retrieved 30 September 2024.
- ^ a b c Albiousse, Lionel d' (1887). Histoire des ducs d'Uzès: avec une notice sur leur château ducal (in French). H. Champion. Retrieved 7 October 2024.
- ^ B, D. L. C. D. (1757). Dictionnaire généalogique, héraldique, chronologique et historique, contenant L'origine & létat actuel des premieres Maisons de France, des Maisons souveraines & principales de l'Europe ... (in French). chez Duchesne, Libraire. p. 569. Retrieved 7 October 2024.
- ^ Chesnaye-Desbois, Franc̜ois Alexandre Aubert de La (1772). Dictionnaire de la noblesse, contenant les généalogies, l'histoire & la chronologie des familles nobles de France, l'explication de leur armes, & l'état des grandes terres du royaume ...: On a joint à ce dictionnaire le tableau généalogique, historique, des maisons souveraines de l'Europe, & une notice des familles étrangères, les plus anciennes, les plus nobles & les plus illustres ... (in French). La veuve Duchesne. p. 399. Retrieved 7 October 2024.
- ^ TIMES, Special to THE NEW YORK (19 July 1946). "CAROLYN B. BROWN, DUKE OF UZES WED; Cathedral of the Sacred Heart in Raleigh, N.C., Is Scene of Their Marriage". The New York Times. Retrieved 26 June 2020.
- ^ Nemy, Enid (18 October 1977). "DUCHESS D'UZES DIES IN AN AUTO ACCIDENT: U.S. Born Socialite is Killed After A Party Near Paris--Was Wife of France's Premier Duke". The New York Times. Retrieved 26 June 2020.