Hausruckviertel (National Council electoral district)

Hausruckviertel, also known as Electoral District 4C (German: Wahlkreis 4C), is one of the 39 multi-member regional electoral districts of the National Council, the lower house of the Austrian Parliament, the national legislature of Austria. The electoral district was created in 1992 when electoral regulations were amended to add regional electoral districts to the existing state-wide electoral districts and came into being at the following legislative election in 1994. It consists of the city of Wels and the districts of Eferding, Grieskirchen, Vöcklabruck and Wels Rural in the state of Upper Austria. The electoral district currently elects eight of the 183 members of the National Council using the open party-list proportional representation electoral system. At the 2019 legislative election the constituency had 273,379 registered electors.

Hausruckviertel
Electoral District
for the National Council
Outline map
Location of Hausruckviertel within Austria
District
StateUpper Austria
Population383,885 (2024)[1]
Electorate273,379 (2019)
Area2,427 km2 (2023)[2]
Current Electoral District
Created1994
Seats8 (1994–present)
Members[3]
List

History

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Hausruckviertel was one 43 regional electoral districts (regionalwahlkreise) established by the "National Council Electoral Regulations 1992" (Nationalrats-Wahlordnung 1992) passed by the National Council in 1992.[4] It consisted of the city of Wels and the districts of Eferding, Grieskirchen, Vöcklabruck and Wels Rural in the state of Upper Austria.[5] The district was initially allocated eight seats in May 1993.[6]

Electoral system

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Hausruckviertel currently elects eight of the 183 members of the National Council using the open party-list proportional representation electoral system.[7][8][9] The allocation of seats is carried out in three stages.[10] In the first stage, seats are allocated to parties (lists) at the regional level using a state-wide Hare quota (wahlzahl) (valid votes in the state divided by the number of seats in the state).[11][12] In the second stage, seats are allocated to parties at the state/provincial level using the state-wide Hare quota (any seats won by the party at the regional stage are subtracted from the party's state seats).[11][12] In the third and final stage, seats are allocated to parties at the federal/national level using the D'Hondt method (any seats won by the party at the regional and state stages are subtracted from the party's federal seats).[11][12] Only parties that reach the 4% national threshold, or have won a seat at the regional stage, compete for seats at the state and federal stages.[11][12]

Electors may cast one preferential vote for individual candidates at the regional, state and federal levels.[12] Split-ticket voting (panachage), or voting for more than one candidate at each level, is not permitted and will result in the ballot paper being invalidated.[12][13] At the regional level, candidates must receive preferential votes amounting to at least 14% of the valid votes cast for their party to over-ride the order of the party list (10% and 7% respectively for the state and federal levels).[13] Prior to April 2013 electors could not cast preferential votes at the federal level and the thresholds candidates needed to over-ride the party list order were higher at the regional level (half the Hare quota or 16 of the party votes) and state level (Hare quota).[12][14][15]

Election results

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Summary

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Election Communists
KPÖ+ / KPÖ
Social Democrats
SPÖ
Greens
GRÜNE
NEOS
NEOS / LiF
People's
ÖVP
Freedom
FPÖ
Votes % Seats Votes % Seats Votes % Seats Votes % Seats Votes % Seats Votes % Seats
2019 1,009 0.48% 0 43,537 20.76% 1 27,377 13.06% 1 15,508 7.40% 0 77,480 36.95% 2 40,697 19.41% 1
2017 1,073 0.49% 0 56,535 25.58% 2 7,752 3.51% 0 10,521 4.76% 0 69,393 31.40% 2 64,579 29.22% 2
2013 1,261 0.60% 0 53,584 25.69% 2 24,013 11.51% 0 6,722 3.22% 0 52,181 25.02% 1 50,470 24.20% 1
2008 1,215 0.57% 0 61,132 28.60% 2 19,743 9.24% 0 2,535 1.19% 0 56,972 26.65% 2 45,644 21.35% 1
2006 1,544 0.76% 0 70,751 34.66% 2 20,046 9.82% 0 72,193 35.36% 2 28,218 13.82% 1
2002 983 0.47% 0 74,102 35.66% 2 17,368 8.36% 0 1,804 0.87% 0 89,752 43.19% 3 23,787 11.45% 0
1999 618 0.31% 0 61,564 31.12% 2 14,583 7.37% 0 4,997 2.53% 0 55,911 28.26% 2 57,756 29.19% 2
1995 434 0.21% 0 74,058 36.39% 2 10,107 4.97% 0 8,706 4.28% 0 59,874 29.42% 2 47,922 23.55% 1
1994 325 0.17% 0 64,674 33.26% 2 14,383 7.40% 0 8,963 4.61% 0 55,514 28.55% 2 47,585 24.47% 1

Detailed

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2010s

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2019
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Results of the 2019 legislative election held on 29 September 2019:[16][17]

Party Votes per district Total
Votes
% Seats
Efer-
ding
Gries-
kirchen
Vöckla-
bruck
Wels
City
Wels
Rural
Voting
card
Austrian People's Party ÖVP 7,501 16,571 30,368 7,339 15,556 145 77,480 36.95% 2
Social Democratic Party of Austria SPÖ 4,454 6,712 15,948 7,651 8,704 68 43,537 20.76% 1
Freedom Party of Austria FPÖ 4,030 8,057 14,207 5,322 9,025 56 40,697 19.41% 1
The Greens – The Green Alternative GRÜNE 2,533 4,854 10,786 3,853 5,104 247 27,377 13.06% 1
NEOS – The New Austria and Liberal Forum NEOS 1,494 2,694 5,696 2,020 3,502 102 15,508 7.40% 0
JETZT JETZT 274 453 1,269 412 610 26 3,044 1.45% 0
KPÖ Plus KPÖ+ 86 146 421 171 180 5 1,009 0.48% 0
Der Wandel WANDL 84 173 399 129 192 5 982 0.47% 0
Socialist Left Party SLP 7 10 23 6 12 0 58 0.03% 0
Valid Votes 20,463 39,670 79,117 26,903 42,885 654 209,692 100.00% 5
Rejected Votes 445 710 1,362 369 616 8 3,510 1.65%
Total Polled 20,908 40,380 80,479 27,272 43,501 662 213,202 77.99%
Registered Electors 25,869 50,592 102,974 39,157 54,787 273,379
Turnout 80.82% 79.81% 78.15% 69.65% 79.40% 77.99%

The following candidates were elected:[18][19]

2017
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Results of the 2017 legislative election held on 15 October 2017:[20][21]

Party Votes per district Total
Votes
% Seats
Efer-
ding
Gries-
kirchen
Vöckla-
bruck
Wels
City
Wels
Rural
Voting
card
Austrian People's Party ÖVP 6,744 15,397 26,941 6,500 13,637 174 69,393 31.40% 2
Freedom Party of Austria FPÖ 6,385 12,292 23,236 8,698 13,835 133 64,579 29.22% 2
Social Democratic Party of Austria SPÖ 5,761 8,833 20,812 9,881 11,017 231 56,535 25.58% 2
NEOS – The New Austria and Liberal Forum NEOS 974 1,744 3,858 1,423 2,416 106 10,521 4.76% 0
Peter Pilz List PILZ 657 1,227 3,363 1,147 1,473 79 7,946 3.60% 0
The Greens – The Green Alternative GRÜNE 715 1,389 3,070 1,125 1,353 100 7,752 3.51% 0
My Vote Counts! GILT 215 385 788 242 450 13 2,093 0.95% 0
Communist Party of Austria KPÖ 80 161 425 197 191 19 1,073 0.49% 0
The Whites WEIßE 48 120 547 36 103 2 856 0.39% 0
Free List Austria FLÖ 27 38 84 24 45 2 220 0.10% 0
Socialist Left Party SLP 3 6 12 6 6 0 33 0.01% 0
Valid Votes 21,609 41,592 83,136 29,279 44,526 859 221,001 100.00% 6
Rejected Votes 270 610 1,060 293 473 7 2,713 1.21%
Total Polled 21,879 42,202 84,196 29,572 44,999 866 223,714 82.14%
Registered Electors 25,789 50,411 102,530 39,623 54,005 272,358
Turnout 84.84% 83.72% 82.12% 74.63% 83.32% 82.14%

The following candidates were elected:[22][23]

Substitutions:

  • Wolfgang Klinger (FPÖ) resigned on 22 May 2019 and was replaced by Roman Haider (FPÖ) on 27 May 2019.[24]
  • Roman Haider (FPÖ) resigned on 1 July 2019 and was replaced by Sandra Wohlschlager (FPÖ) on 2 July 2019.[25]
  • Angelika Winzig (ÖVP) resigned on 1 July 2019 and was replaced by Laurenz Pöttinger (ÖVP) on 2 July 2019.[25]
2013
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Results of the 2013 legislative election held on 29 September 2013:[26][27]

Party Votes per district Total
Votes
% Seats
Efer-
ding
Gries-
kirchen
Vöckla-
bruck
Wels
City
Wels
Rural
Voting
card
Social Democratic Party of Austria SPÖ 5,378 8,273 19,881 9,434 10,525 93 53,584 25.69% 2
Austrian People's Party ÖVP 5,380 12,254 20,195 4,171 10,022 159 52,181 25.02% 1
Freedom Party of Austria FPÖ 4,711 9,246 18,032 7,857 10,543 81 50,470 24.20% 1
The Greens – The Green Alternative GRÜNE 2,320 4,156 9,170 3,651 4,510 206 24,013 11.51% 0
Team Stronach FRANK 931 1,790 3,812 1,330 2,290 15 10,168 4.87% 0
Alliance for the Future of Austria BZÖ 681 1,384 2,737 963 1,547 34 7,346 3.52% 0
NEOS – The New Austria NEOS 527 1,090 2,587 1,066 1,385 67 6,722 3.22% 0
Pirate Party of Austria PIRAT 142 286 697 221 378 15 1,739 0.83% 0
Communist Party of Austria KPÖ 113 214 466 230 226 12 1,261 0.60% 0
Christian Party of Austria CPÖ 58 156 353 68 111 0 746 0.36% 0
Der Wandel WANDL 31 75 119 48 77 2 352 0.17% 0
Valid Votes 20,272 38,924 78,049 29,039 41,614 684 208,582 100.00% 4
Rejected Votes 511 1,274 2,246 451 896 16 5,394 2.52%
Total Polled 20,783 40,198 80,295 29,490 42,510 700 213,976 79.05%
Registered Electors 25,480 49,884 101,803 40,671 52,848 270,686
Turnout 81.57% 80.58% 78.87% 72.51% 80.44% 79.05%

The following candidates were elected:[28][29]

Substitutions:

  • Heinz-Peter Hackl (FPÖ) resigned on 28 June 2016 and was replaced by Wolfgang Klinger (FPÖ) on 29 June 2016.[30]

2000s

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2008
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Results of the 2008 legislative election held on 28 September 2008:[31][32]

Party Votes per district Total
Votes
% Seats
Efer-
ding
Gries-
kirchen
Vöckla-
bruck
Wels
City
Wels
Rural
Voting
card
Social Democratic Party of Austria SPÖ 6,201 9,351 21,941 10,846 12,380 413 61,132 28.60% 2
Austrian People's Party ÖVP 5,765 13,400 21,402 5,163 10,663 579 56,972 26.65% 2
Freedom Party of Austria FPÖ 4,115 7,785 17,941 6,480 9,039 284 45,644 21.35% 1
Alliance for the Future of Austria BZÖ 1,795 3,475 7,344 3,135 4,401 174 20,324 9.51% 0
The Greens – The Green Alternative GRÜNE 1,767 3,299 7,264 3,325 3,561 527 19,743 9.24% 0
Liberal Forum LiF 198 328 922 526 476 85 2,535 1.19% 0
Fritz Dinkhauser List – Citizens' Forum Tyrol FRITZ 181 418 774 235 466 26 2,100 0.98% 0
Independent Citizens' Initiative Save Austria RETTÖ 201 328 932 183 373 17 2,034 0.95% 0
The Christians DC 141 502 848 189 313 16 2,009 0.94% 0
Communist Party of Austria KPÖ 93 180 510 218 202 12 1,215 0.57% 0
Left LINKE 11 11 22 13 15 1 73 0.03% 0
Valid Votes 20,468 39,077 79,900 30,313 41,889 2,134 213,781 100.00% 5
Rejected Votes 563 1,533 2,592 543 1,054 36 6,321 2.87%
Total Polled 21,031 40,610 82,492 30,856 42,943 2,170 220,102 82.62%
Registered Electors 24,923 49,199 100,100 40,994 51,175 266,391
Turnout 84.38% 82.54% 82.41% 75.27% 83.91% 82.62%

The following candidates were elected:[33][34]

Substitutions:

  • Maria Fekter (ÖVP) resigned on 2 December 2008 and was replaced by Wolfgang Großruck (ÖVP) on 3 December 2008.[35]
  • Manfred Haimbuchner (FPÖ) resigned on 21 October 2009 and was replaced by Heinz-Peter Hackl (FPÖ) on 22 October 2009.[36]
2006
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Results of the 2006 legislative election held on 1 October 2006:[37][38]

Party Votes per district Total
Votes
% Seats
Efer-
ding
Gries-
kirchen
Vöckla-
bruck
Wels
City
Wels
Rural
Voting
card
Austrian People's Party ÖVP 6,856 15,990 26,173 6,693 13,113 3,368 72,193 35.36% 2
Social Democratic Party of Austria SPÖ 6,705 10,442 25,356 12,403 13,465 2,380 70,751 34.66% 2
Freedom Party of Austria FPÖ 2,634 4,995 9,680 4,338 5,731 840 28,218 13.82% 1
The Greens – The Green Alternative GRÜNE 1,582 3,035 6,813 3,271 3,359 1,986 20,046 9.82% 0
Hans-Peter Martin's List MATIN 485 1,036 2,221 832 1,042 197 5,813 2.85% 0
Alliance for the Future of Austria BZÖ 394 885 1,938 1,067 1,109 179 5,572 2.73% 0
Communist Party of Austria KPÖ 124 249 600 242 244 85 1,544 0.76% 0
Valid Votes 18,780 36,632 72,781 28,846 38,063 9,035 204,137 100.00% 5
Rejected Votes 427 1,011 1,982 432 742 146 4,740 2.27%
Total Polled 19,207 37,643 74,763 29,278 38,805 9,181 208,877 81.85%
Registered Electors 23,728 47,193 95,783 40,223 48,282 255,209
Turnout 80.95% 79.76% 78.05% 72.79% 80.37% 81.85%

The following candidates were elected:[39][40]

2002
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Results of the 2002 legislative election held on 24 November 2002:[41][42]

Party Votes per district Total
Votes
% Seats
Efer-
ding
Gries-
kirchen
Vöckla-
bruck
Wels
City
Wels
Rural
Voting
card
Austrian People's Party ÖVP 8,435 19,745 32,861 9,685 16,113 2,913 89,752 43.19% 3
Social Democratic Party of Austria SPÖ 7,174 10,922 26,834 13,349 14,226 1,597 74,102 35.66% 2
Freedom Party of Austria FPÖ 2,077 4,474 8,258 3,787 4,688 503 23,787 11.45% 0
The Greens – The Green Alternative GRÜNE 1,302 2,383 6,027 3,037 2,853 1,766 17,368 8.36% 0
Liberal Forum LiF 131 254 662 349 311 97 1,804 0.87% 0
Communist Party of Austria KPÖ 81 176 371 177 161 17 983 0.47% 0
Valid Votes 19,200 37,954 75,013 30,384 38,352 6,893 207,796 100.00% 5
Rejected Votes 332 809 1,602 334 607 59 3,743 1.77%
Total Polled 19,532 38,763 76,615 30,718 38,959 6,952 211,539 86.60%
Registered Electors 22,574 45,532 91,660 38,829 45,663 244,258
Turnout 86.52% 85.13% 83.59% 79.11% 85.32% 86.60%

The following candidates were elected:[43][44]

1990s

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1999
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Results of the 1999 legislative election held on 3 October 1999:[45][46]

Party Votes per district Total
Votes
% Seats
Efer-
ding
Gries-
kirchen
Vöckla-
bruck
Wels
City
Wels
Rural
Voting
card
Social Democratic Party of Austria SPÖ 5,929 9,197 22,382 10,439 11,680 1,937 61,564 31.12% 2
Freedom Party of Austria FPÖ 4,901 10,494 19,979 9,723 11,063 1,596 57,756 29.19% 2
Austrian People's Party ÖVP 5,803 13,129 20,463 4,783 9,640 2,093 55,911 28.26% 2
The Greens – The Green Alternative GRÜNE 1,067 2,193 5,314 2,393 2,450 1,166 14,583 7.37% 0
Liberal Forum LiF 313 569 1,594 1,034 804 683 4,997 2.53% 0
The Independents DU 114 208 591 274 307 44 1,538 0.78% 0
No to NATO and EU –
Neutral Austria Citizens' Initiative
NEIN 73 187 398 78 116 19 871 0.44% 0
Communist Party of Austria KPÖ 48 83 252 96 110 29 618 0.31% 0
Valid Votes 18,248 36,060 70,973 28,820 36,170 7,567 197,838 100.00% 6
Rejected Votes 305 753 1,489 319 562 65 3,493 1.73%
Total Polled 18,553 36,813 72,462 29,139 36,732 7,632 201,331 84.09%
Registered Electors 22,141 44,575 89,767 38,510 44,433 239,426
Turnout 83.79% 82.59% 80.72% 75.67% 82.67% 84.09%

The following candidates were elected:[47][48]

1995
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Results of the 1995 legislative election held on 17 December 1995:[49][50]

Party Votes per district Total
Votes
% Seats
Efer-
ding
Gries-
kirchen
Vöckla-
bruck
Wels
City
Wels
Rural
Voting
card
Social Democratic Party of Austria SPÖ 7,073 10,869 26,849 13,784 13,972 1,511 74,058 36.39% 2
Austrian People's Party ÖVP 6,158 14,157 21,955 5,653 10,214 1,737 59,874 29.42% 2
Freedom Party of Austria FPÖ 4,010 8,755 17,051 8,084 9,154 868 47,922 23.55% 1
The Greens – The Green Alternative GRÜNE 704 1,578 3,602 1,606 1,604 1,013 10,107 4.97% 0
Liberal Forum LiF 547 1,049 2,913 1,909 1,438 850 8,706 4.28% 0
No – Civic Action Group
Against the Sale of Austria
NEIN 196 409 1,152 241 364 57 2,419 1.19% 0
Communist Party of Austria KPÖ 28 58 158 96 84 10 434 0.21% 0
Valid Votes 18,716 36,875 73,680 31,373 36,830 6,046 203,520 100.00% 5
Rejected Votes 429 1,011 1,901 557 719 74 4,691 2.25%
Total Polled 19,145 37,886 75,581 31,930 37,549 6,120 208,211 88.58%
Registered Electors 21,620 43,619 88,114 38,675 43,039 235,067
Turnout 88.55% 86.86% 85.78% 82.56% 87.24% 88.58%

The following candidates were elected:[51][52]

1994
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Results of the 1994 legislative election held on 9 October 1994:[53][54]

Party Votes per district Total
Votes
% Seats
Efer-
ding
Gries-
kirchen
Vöckla-
bruck
Wels
City
Wels
Rural
Voting
card
Social Democratic Party of Austria SPÖ 6,314 9,434 23,653 11,566 12,094 1,613 64,674 33.26% 2
Austrian People's Party ÖVP 5,865 13,455 20,627 4,824 9,132 1,611 55,514 28.55% 2
Freedom Party of Austria FPÖ 4,169 8,969 16,217 7,933 9,085 1,212 47,585 24.47% 1
The Greens – The Green Alternative GRÜNE 1,007 2,229 5,214 2,345 2,380 1,208 14,383 7.40% 0
Liberal Forum LiF 574 1,145 2,948 1,997 1,512 787 8,963 4.61% 0
No – Civic Action Group
Against the Sale of Austria
NEIN 117 235 698 207 303 44 1,604 0.82% 0
Christian Voters Community CWG 39 184 322 113 196 37 891 0.46% 0
Communist Party of Austria KPÖ 21 47 121 65 62 9 325 0.17% 0
Natural Law Party ÖNP 14 63 110 51 44 7 289 0.15% 0
United Greens Austria – List Adi Pinter VGÖ 27 41 80 41 55 5 249 0.13% 0
Valid Votes 18,147 35,802 69,990 29,142 34,863 6,533 194,477 100.00% 5
Rejected Votes 383 875 1,817 441 671 96 4,283 2.15%
Total Polled 18,530 36,677 71,807 29,583 35,534 6,629 198,760 84.70%
Registered Electors 21,530 43,662 88,009 38,716 42,745 234,662
Turnout 86.07% 84.00% 81.59% 76.41% 83.13% 84.70%

The following candidates were elected:[55][56]

Substitutions:

Notes

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  1. ^ a b ÖVP: 1st placed candidate Maria Fekter was elected in Upper Austria.

References

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  1. ^ "Bevölkerung zu Jahresbeginn nach Politischen Bezirken bzw. Wiener Gemeindebezirken seit 2002" (in German). Vienna, Austria: Statistics Austria. Retrieved 9 July 2024.
  2. ^ "Stadtgebiet nach Nutzungsklassen und Gemeindebezirken" (in German). Vienna, Austria: Municipal Council and Landtag of Vienna. Archived from the original on 25 June 2024. Retrieved 9 July 2024.
  3. ^ "Nationalrat: Abgeordnete zum Nationalrat" (in German). Vienna, Austria: National Council. Retrieved 26 September 2024.
  4. ^ "471. Bundesgesetz über die Wahl des Nationalrates (Nationalrats-Wahlordnung 1992 — NRWO)" (PDF). Bundesgesetzblatt (in German). Vol. 1992, no. 164. Vienna, Austria. 4 August 1992. p. 1885. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 April 2024. Retrieved 10 July 2024 – via Rechtsinformationssystem des Bundes.
  5. ^ "471. Bundesgesetz über die Wahl des Nationalrates (Nationalrats-Wahlordnung 1992 — NRWO)" (PDF). Bundesgesetzblatt (in German). Vol. 1992, no. 164. Vienna, Austria. 4 August 1992. p. 1918. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 April 2024. Retrieved 10 July 2024 – via Rechtsinformationssystem des Bundes.
  6. ^ "322. Kundmachung des Bundesministers für Inneres über die Zahl der auf jeden Wahlkreis entfallenden Mandate für die Wahl des Nationalrates" (PDF). Bundesgesetzblatt (in German). Vol. 1993, no. 118. Vienna, Austria. 11 May 1993. p. 2707. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 October 2023. Retrieved 10 July 2024 – via Rechtsinformationssystem des Bundes.
  7. ^ "Nationalratswahlen: Wahlkreiseinteilung" (in German). Vienna, Austria: Ministry of the Interior. Archived from the original on 21 April 2024. Retrieved 10 July 2024.
  8. ^ "Austrian National Council 2019 General". Election Guide. Arlington, U.S.A.: International Foundation for Electoral Systems. Archived from the original on 28 February 2024. Retrieved 10 July 2024.
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  10. ^ Müller, Wolfgang C. (15 September 2005). "Austria: A Complex Electoral System with Subtle Effects". In Gallagher, Michael; Mitchell, Paul (eds.). The Politics of Electoral Systems. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. pp. 396–416. ISBN 9780191603280. Retrieved 10 July 2024.
  11. ^ a b c d "Nationalratswahlen: Überblick" (in German). Vienna, Austria: Ministry of the Interior. Archived from the original on 31 December 2023. Retrieved 10 July 2024.
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  18. ^ "Nationalratswahl 2019: Broschüre Landeswahlvorschläge" (PDF) (in German). Vienna, Austria: Ministry of the Interior. pp. 29–30. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 February 2024. Retrieved 13 July 2024.
  19. ^ "Nationalrat seit 1920: Alle Abgeordneten zum Nationalrat seit 1920" (in German). Vienna, Austria: National Council. Retrieved 26 September 2024.
  20. ^ "Nationalratswahl 2017: Ergebnisse auf Gemeindeebene, Landeswahlkreisebene und Ergebnisse der Wahlkarten" (in German). Vienna, Austria: Ministry of the Interior. Archived from the original on 6 December 2021. Retrieved 8 December 2021.
  21. ^ "Nationalratswahl 2017: Oberösterreich - Regionalwahlkreis Hausruckviertel". Bundeswahlen (in German). Vienna, Austria: Ministry of the Interior. Retrieved 26 September 2024.
  22. ^ "Nationalratswahl 2017: Landeswahlvorschläge - Landesparteilisten - Regionalparteilisten einschließlich erreichter Vorzugsstimmen" (PDF) (in German). Vienna, Austria: Ministry of the Interior. p. 36. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 April 2023. Retrieved 9 July 2024.
  23. ^ "Nationalrat seit 1920: Alle Abgeordneten zum Nationalrat seit 1920" (in German). Vienna, Austria: National Council. Retrieved 26 September 2024.
  24. ^ "XXVI. Gesetzgebungsperiode: 78. Sitzung des Nationalrates der Republik Österreich - Montag, 27. Mai 2019" (PDF). Stenographisches Protokoll (in German). Vol. XXVI, no. 78. Vienna, Austria: National Council. 27 May 2019. p. 13. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 July 2024. Retrieved 26 September 2024.
  25. ^ a b "XXVI. Gesetzgebungsperiode: 84. Sitzung des Nationalrates der Republik Österreich - Dienstag, 2. Juli 2019" (PDF). Stenographisches Protokoll (in German). Vol. XXVI, no. 84. Vienna, Austria: National Council. 2 July 2019. p. 32. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 August 2024. Retrieved 26 September 2024.
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