List of governors of Louisiana
The Governor of Louisiana is the chief executive of the U.S. state of Louisiana. The governor is the head of the executive branch of Louisiana's state government and is charged with enforcing state laws.
| Governor of Louisiana
Gouverneurs de Louisiane | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Style | The Honorable |
| Residence | Louisiana Governor's Mansion |
| Term length | Four years, renewable once[1] |
| Precursor | Governor of Orleans Territory |
| Inaugural holder | William C. C. Claiborne |
| Formation | April 30, 1812 |
| Deputy | Lieutenant Governor of Louisiana |
| Salary | US$130,000 per year (2013)[2] |
| Website | Official Website |
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Contents
GovernorsEdit
Governor of the Territory of OrleansEdit
Louisiana was purchased by the United States from France in 1803. On October 1, 1804, Orleans Territory was organized from the southern part of the Purchase, with the remainder being made the District of Louisiana and placed under the jurisdiction of Indiana Territory. The District of Louisiana would later become Louisiana Territory, but after Orleans Territory became the state of Louisiana, Louisiana Territory was renamed Missouri Territory.
| Governor | Term in office | Appointed by | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
William C. C. Claiborne | December 20, 1803[a] – July 30, 1812 |
Thomas Jefferson |
| James Madison | |||
Governors of the State of LouisianaEdit
Louisiana was admitted to the Union on April 30, 1812. It seceded from the Union on January 26, 1861, and was a founding member of the Confederate States of America on February 4, 1861. However, since substantial parts of the state remained in Union hands throughout the war, there were two lines of governors elected. Following the end of the American Civil War, Louisiana during Reconstruction was part of the Fifth Military District, which exerted some control over governor appointments and elections. Louisiana was readmitted to the Union on July 9, 1868.
The 1812 constitution established the office of governor, to serve for four years[4] starting from the fourth Monday after the election.[5]. Governors were not allowed to succeed themselves.[6] In the event of a vacancy, the President of the Senate would act as governor.[7] The 1845 constitution created the office of lieutenant governor, to be elected at the same time and manner as the governor[8] and who would act as governor in the event of a vacancy.[9] The start date of the term was moved to the fourth Monday in the January following the election.[10]
The 1879 constitution removed the term limit, and moved the start of the term to the first Monday after the election results were certified.[11] The restriction against the governor succeeding themselves was reintroduced in the 1913 constitution,[12] and provided that, in the case of vacancy, the lieutenant governor became governor.[13] The current constitution of 1974 set the term start date at the second Monday in the January following the election [14] and allowed governors to succeed themselves once before requiring a gap before they can be elected again.[15] The governor and lieutenant governor are not elected on a ticket.[16]
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See alsoEdit
NotesEdit
- ^ Claiborne received his commission on October 31, 1803, and proclaimed the acquisition of Louisiana in New Orleans on this date.[3]
- ^ Lieutenant governors represented the same party as their governor unless noted.
- ^ Louisiana became a state on April 30, 1812, but Claiborne was not sworn in as state governor until July 30.[17]
- ^ Robertson resigned to take a joint seat on the United States District Court for both the Eastern and Western Districts of Louisiana; as president of the senate, Thibodaux assumed the duties of governor.
- ^ Derbigny died in office; as president of the senate, Beauvais assumed the duties of governor until his term as president ended, at which time the new president, Dupre, assumed the duties. Sources disagree on why Beauvais' term ended; some say he lost his bid to be reelected as senate president,[18], while others say he resigned so that he could run for governor.[19]
- ^ a b While all sources state Walker resigned due to objections to the 1852 constitution,[20][21][22] there is no mention made of Hébert taking office early; it's possible that Walker's resignation was a symbolic one of protest on his last day, or that it was so close to the end of the term that Hébert simply took office then. No known source elaborates.
- ^ a b c d e The area around New Orleans was captured by the Union on April 25, 1862. The control was enough that it operated within the United States as the legitimate state of Louisiana, electing members to the United States House of Representatives. With both governments being considered legitimate, both lines are included in all lists of governors. The schism ended when the Confederate governor fled and the whole state came under Union control.
- ^ Shepley was appointed military governor by General Benjamin Butler.
- ^ Allen fled to Mexico to avoid capture following the American Civil War.
- ^ Hahn resigned to take an elected seat in the United States Senate; however, congressmen from the Confederate states were denied their seats in the 39th United States Congress. As lieutenant governor, Wells became governor.
- ^ Wells was removed from office by General Philip Sheridan for failing to properly implement Reconstruction reforms. Flanders was appointed by Sheridan to replace Wells, but later resigned due to Major General Winfield Scott Hancock's removing Radical Republicans that Flanders had appointed to positions in state government. Hancock then appointed Baker to replace Flanders.
- ^ Represented the Democratic Party.
- ^ During the 1872 election, Warmoth endorsed John McEnery for governor, and the State Returning Board, which he appointed, declared McEnery the winner. However, a rival board declared William Pitt Kellogg the winner, and the legislature impeached Warmoth on charges related to the election. Impeached officials are suspended from office, so at this time, Pinchback filled the office. The term expired only 35 days later, at which point impeachment charges were dropped, as Warmoth was no longer governor.
- ^ The State Election Board certified McEnery as the winner of the 1872 election; however, a rival board declared Kellogg the winner, and the legislature went with that. Both McEnery and Kellogg declared victory and formed governments, and conflict culminated in the Battle of Liberty Place and the Colfax massacre. President Ulysses S. Grant issued a proclamation on May 22, 1873, declaring Kellogg the winner.[23][24]
- ^ Much like the 1872 election, this election was disputed. Both Packard and Nicholls declared victory and formed governments, until President Rutherford B. Hayes recognized Nicholls as governor in the Compromise of 1877.[25]
- ^ Wiltz died in office; as lieutenant governor, McEnery replaced him.
- ^ Fuqua died in office; as lieutenant governor, Simpson replaced him.
- ^ Long was elected to the United States Senate for a term beginning March 4, 1931; however, he did not take the seat until January 25, 1932. This was in part to prevent Cyr from replacing him as governor. When the senate term began, Cyr took the oath of office as governor and claimed the office; however, Long called this illegitimate, and said that by taking the oath of office of the governor, he had resigned from being lieutenant governor. This opened the way for the president pro tempore of the senate, King, to become lieutenant governor, and ultimately succeed Long. Cyr continued to claim the office of governor on and off until 1932, but ultimately lacked recognition.[26][27]
- ^ Allen died in office; as lieutenant governor, Noe replaced him.
- ^ Leche resigned due to scandals; as lieutenant governor, Long replaced him.
- ^ Bel Edwards's first term expires January 13, 2020.
ReferencesEdit
- ^ "Louisiana Constitution of 1974" (PDF). Article IV, section 3.
A person who has served as governor for more than one and one-half terms in two consecutive terms shall not be elected governor for the succeeding term.
- ^ "CSG Releases 2013 Governor Salaries". The Council of State Governments. June 25, 2013. Retrieved November 23, 2014.
- ^ "Claiborne, Proclamation to the People of New Orleans, 1803". Humanities Texas. Retrieved November 12, 2018.
- ^ 1812 Const., art. III, § 2
- ^ 1812 Const., art. III, § 5
- ^ 1812 Const., art. III, § 4
- ^ 1812 Const., art III, § 17
- ^ 1845 Const., art. 38
- ^ 1845 Const., art. 43
- ^ 1845 Const., art. 40
- ^ 1879 Const., art. 61
- ^ 1913 Const., art. 63
- ^ 1913 Const., art. 66
- ^ LA Const., art. IV, § 3
- ^ LA Const., art. IV, § 4
- ^ "Joint election ticket for Louisiana governor, lt. governor rejected". The Times-Picayune. Associated Press. May 9, 2019. Retrieved May 29, 2019.
- ^ Brown, Everett Somerville (1920). The Constitutional History of the Louisiana Purchase, 1803-1812. University of California Press. p. 195. Retrieved November 12, 2018.
- ^ "Armand Beauvais". National Governors Association. Retrieved November 12, 2018.
- ^ "Armand Julie Beauvais". Secretary of State of Louisiana. Retrieved November 12, 2018.
- ^ "Joseph Marshall Walker". National Governors Association. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
- ^ "Joseph M. Walker". Secretary of State of Louisiana. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
- ^ White, J. T. (1900). The National Cyclopaedia of American Biography. 10. p. 77. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
- ^ "William Pitt Kellogg is officially named Governor of Louisiana by President Grant". University of Richmond. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
- ^ "Statutes of the United States of America passed at the First Session of the Forty-Third Congress". United States Government Printing Office. p. 293. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
- ^ Kelman, Ari (April 24, 2008). ""The Surrender Complete"". The New York Times. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
- ^ "Alvin Olin King". National Governors Association. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
- ^ "Alvin O. King". Secretary of State of Louisiana. Retrieved November 13, 2018.