The Ariete-class torpedo boats were a group of destroyer escorts built for the Italian Navy during World War II. They were enlarged versions of the Spica-class torpedo boats and designed to escort convoys to North Africa. Of the 42 units planned, sixteen ships were eventually ordered but only one was completed by the time of the armistice, Ariete, built in the Sestri Ponente shipyards and commissioned on 5 August 1943. The namesake ship was also the only one to survive the war. After the war it was ceded to the Yugoslav Navy (1949), and renamed Durmitor.
| Class overview | |
|---|---|
| Operators | |
| Preceded by | Spica class |
| In commission | 1941–1945 |
| Completed | 16 |
| Lost | 14 |
| General characteristics | |
| Type | Torpedo boat |
| Displacement |
|
| Length | 83.5 m (273 ft 11 in) |
| Beam | 8.62 m (28 ft 3 in) |
| Draught | 3.15 m (10 ft 4 in) |
| Installed power | 22,000 hp (16,400 kW) |
| Propulsion |
|
| Speed | 31.5 knots (36.2 mph; 58.3 km/h) |
| Complement | 158 |
| Electronic warfare & decoys | Sonar |
| Armament |
|
Most of the other ships were captured and completed by the Germans, entered service with the Kriegsmarine as Torpedoboot Ausland and eventually sunk in the course of operations across the Aegean and the Adriatic. Fionda (renamed TA46 by the Germans) was sunk in Fiume by an Allied bomber on 20 February 1945, together with her twin Balestra / TA47. Both ships at the time were unfinished. Recovered by the Yugoslavs in 1947, it was used to complete TA47, which entered service in the Yugoslav Navy as Učka. It was decommissioned in 1971.
Design
editCompared to the Spica class it was developed from, the Ariete class had lost one of the three 100 mm (4 in)/47 caliber dual-purpose guns, whereas torpedo armament had grown from four to six 450 mm (18 in) torpedo tubes, in two triple mountings on the ship's centreline. The anti-aircraft suite included ten 20 mm cannons.
Ships
edit| Ship | German number |
Builder | Launched | Operational history |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabarda | TA42 | CRDA Trieste | 7 May 1944 | Sunk 21 March 1945 during Operation Bowler in Venice.[1] |
| Ariete | — | Ansaldo, Genoa | 6 March 1942 | She was the only unit to be completed before the armistice. She was at La Spezia 8 September 1943 and arrived at Malta, then under Allied control, 20 September 1943. She was transferred as war reparation to Yugoslavia in 1949. |
| Arturo | TA24 | Ansaldo, Genoa | 27 March 1943 | One of the German units which took part of the bombardment of Bastia on 1 March 1944. Sunk 18 March 1945 in the Battle of the Ligurian Sea by the British destroyers HMS Lookout and HMS Meteor.[2] |
| Auriga | TA27 | Ansaldo, Genoa | 15 April 1943 | Lost 9 June 1944 to an air attack by P-47s of the U.S. 332d Fighter Group.[3] |
| Balestra | TA47 | Cantieri navali del Quarnaro, FiumeA | Not completed during the war, damaged by air raid on slipway,[4] subsequently completed for the Yugoslav Navy in 1949 as Učka; scrapped in 1971. | |
| Daga | TA39 | CRDA, TriesteB | 15 July 1943 | Along with Spada took part in the sinking of British motor boat ML-1227 on 5 October 1944. Sunk 16 October 1944, scuttled after hitting a mine off Thessaloniki.[5] |
| Dragone | TA30 | Ansaldo, Genoa | 14 August 1943 | Sunk 15 June 1944 by U.S. PT boats.[6] |
| Eridano | TA29 | Ansaldo, Genoa | 12 July 1943 | Sunk 18 March 1945 in the Battle of the Ligurian Sea by the British destroyers HMS Lookout and HMS Meteor.[7] |
| Fionda | TA46 | CNQ, FiumeA | Lost 20 February 1945 in Fiume, when still under construction. Scrapped after the war.[8] | |
| Gladio | TA37 | CRDA, TriesteB | 15 June 1943 | Badly damaged by French destroyers Le Terrible and Le Malin in at the Battle of Ist in February 1944.[9] Sunk 7 October 1944.[10] |
| Lancia | TA41 | CRDA, TriesteB | 7 May 1944 | Sunk 17 February 1945, scuttled after being hit by an aerial bomb in Trieste.[11] |
| Pugnale | TA40 | CRDA, TriesteB | 1 August 1944 | Scuttled 4 May 1945 at Monfalcone.[12] |
| Rigel | TA28 | Ansaldo, Genoa | 22 May 1943 | She took part in the shelling of Bastia on 1 March 1944. Sunk 4 September 1944.[13] |
| Spada | TA38 | CRDA, TriesteB | 1 July 1943 | Sank British motor boat ML-1227 on 5 October 1944. Sunk 13 October 1944, scuttled after being damaged by air strike.[14] |
| Spica | TA45 | CNQ, FiumeA | Lost 13 April 1945 to British motor torpedo boats in the Morlacca channel.[15] | |
| Stella Polare | TA36 | CNQ, FiumeA | 11 July 1943 | Towed damaged TA37 to safety after a battle with French destroyers Le Terrible and Le Malin at Battle of Ist in February 1944.[9] Sunk 18 March 1944 by a German mine.[16] |
References
editNotes
editCitations
edit- ^ "TA42". german-navy.de.
- ^ "TA24". german-navy.de.
- ^ "TA27". german-navy.de.
- ^ "TA47". german-navy.de.
- ^ "TA39". german-navy.de.
- ^ "TA30". german-navy.de.
- ^ "TA29". german-navy.de.
- ^ "TA46". german-navy.de.
- ^ a b McLean, David; Preston, Antony (1997). Warship 1997–1998. Conway Maritime Press. p. 140. ISBN 0851777228.
- ^ "TA37". german-navy.de.
- ^ "TA41". german-navy.de.
- ^ "TA40". german-navy.de.
- ^ "TA28". german-navy.de.
- ^ "TA38". german-navy.de.
- ^ "TA45". german-navy.de.
- ^ "TA36". german-navy.de.
Bibliography
edit- Brescia, Maurizio (2012). Mussolini's Navy: A Reference Guide to the Regina Marina 1930–45. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978-1-59114-544-8.
- Campbell, John (1985). Naval Weapons of World War Two. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-459-4.
- Dodson, Aidan & Cant, Serena (2020). Spoils of War: The Fate of Enemy Fleets after Two World Wars. Barnsley, UK: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-5267-4198-1.
- Fraccaroli, Aldo (1968). Italian Warships of World War II. Shepperton, UK: Ian Allan. ISBN 0-7110-0002-6.
- Gardiner, Robert & Chesneau, Roger (1980). Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-146-7.
- Whitley, M. J. (1988). Destroyers of World War 2: An International Encyclopedia. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-85409-521-8.
External links
edit- Classe Ariete Marina Militare website
