Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2

Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GABRG2 gene.

GABRG2
Identifiers
Aliases	GABRG2, CAE2, ECA2, GEFSP3, gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor gamma2 subunit, EIEE74, FEB8
External IDs	OMIM: 137164; MGI: 95623; HomoloGene: 22443; GeneCards: GABRG2; OMA:GABRG2 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 5 (human) Band 5q34 Start 162,000,057 bp End 162,162,977 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 11 (mouse) Band 11 A5|11 24.8 cM Start 41,801,030 bp End 41,891,684 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in middle temporal gyrus Brodmann area 23 superior frontal gyrus primary visual cortex postcentral gyrus frontal pole pons prefrontal cortex endothelial cell entorhinal cortex Top expressed in visual cortex primary visual cortex superior frontal gyrus perirhinal cortex central gray substance of midbrain entorhinal cortex dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation granule cell cerebellar cortex lateral hypothalamus ventral tegmental area More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function protein binding benzodiazepine receptor activity extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity chloride channel activity GABA-A receptor activity ion channel activity transmembrane signaling receptor activity inhibitory extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity GABA-gated chloride ion channel activity transmitter-gated ion channel activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential Cellular component integral component of membrane postsynaptic membrane membrane synapse dendrite membrane chloride channel complex axon cell junction integral component of plasma membrane plasma membrane dendrite cytoplasmic vesicle membrane cytoplasmic vesicle cell projection GABA-A receptor complex neuron projection postsynapse GABA-ergic synapse Biological process gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway synaptic transmission, GABAergic ion transport post-embryonic development adult behavior chloride transport cellular response to histamine chemical synaptic transmission chloride transmembrane transport ion transmembrane transport signal transduction regulation of membrane potential nervous system process regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential inhibitory synapse assembly Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 2566 14406 Ensembl ENSG00000113327 ENSMUSG00000020436 UniProt P18507 P22723 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_198904 NM_000816 NM_198903 NM_008073 NM_177408 NM_001362655 NM_001362656 RefSeq (protein) NP_000807 NP_944493 NP_944494 NP_001362268 NP_001362269 NP_001362270 NP_001362271 NP_001362272 NP_001362273 NP_001362274 NP_001362275 NP_001362276 NP_001362277 NP_001362278 NP_001362279 NP_032099 NP_803127 NP_001349584 NP_001349585 Location (UCSC) Chr 5: 162 – 162.16 Mb Chr 11: 41.8 – 41.89 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
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Function

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to GABA receptors. The type A GABA receptors are pentameric chloride channels assembled from among many genetic variants of GABA(A) subunits. This gene encodes the gamma 2 subunit of GABA(A) receptor. Mutations in this gene have been associated with epilepsy and febrile seizures. Alternative splicing of this gene results in transcript variants encoding different isoforms.

Interactions

GABRG2 has been shown to interact with GABARAP and Dopamine receptor D5.

See also

• GABAA receptor

Further reading

• Moss SJ, Doherty CA, Huganir RL (July 1992). "Identification of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase and protein kinase C phosphorylation sites within the major intracellular domains of the beta 1, gamma 2S, and gamma 2L subunits of the gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 267 (20): 14470–14476. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(19)49736-6. PMID 1321150.
• Wilcox AS, Warrington JA, Gardiner K, Berger R, Whiting P, Altherr MR, Wasmuth JJ, Patterson D, Sikela JM (July 1992). "Human chromosomal localization of genes encoding the gamma 1 and gamma 2 subunits of the gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor indicates that members of this gene family are often clustered in the genome". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 89 (13): 5857–5861. Bibcode:1992PNAS...89.5857W. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.13.5857. PMC 49396. PMID 1321425.
• Pritchett DB, Sontheimer H, Shivers BD, Ymer S, Kettenmann H, Schofield PR, Seeburg PH (April 1989). "Importance of a novel GABAA receptor subunit for benzodiazepine pharmacology". Nature. 338 (6216): 582–585. Bibcode:1989Natur.338..582P. doi:10.1038/338582a0. PMID 2538761. S2CID 4241689.
• Russek SJ, Farb DH (October 1994). "Mapping of the beta 2 subunit gene (GABRB2) to microdissected human chromosome 5q34-q35 defines a gene cluster for the most abundant GABAA receptor isoform". Genomics. 23 (3): 528–533. doi:10.1006/geno.1994.1539. PMID 7851879.
• Kostrzewa M, Köhler A, Eppelt K, Hellam L, Fairweather ND, Levy ER, Monaco AP, Müller U (1997). "Assignment of genes encoding GABAA receptor subunits alpha 1, alpha 6, beta 2, and gamma 2 to a YAC contig of 5q33". European Journal of Human Genetics. 4 (4): 199–204. doi:10.1159/000472199. PMID 8875185. S2CID 33974711.
• Wang H, Bedford FK, Brandon NJ, Moss SJ, Olsen RW (January 1999). "GABA(A)-receptor-associated protein links GABA(A) receptors and the cytoskeleton". Nature. 397 (6714): 69–72. doi:10.1038/16264. PMID 9892355. S2CID 204990449.
• Bonnert TP, McKernan RM, Farrar S, le Bourdellès B, Heavens RP, Smith DW, Hewson L, Rigby MR, Sirinathsinghji DJ, Brown N, Wafford KA, Whiting PJ (August 1999). "theta, a novel gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 96 (17): 9891–9896. Bibcode:1999PNAS...96.9891B. doi:10.1073/pnas.96.17.9891. PMC 22306. PMID 10449790.
• Liu F, Wan Q, Pristupa ZB, Yu XM, Wang YT, Niznik HB (January 2000). "Direct protein-protein coupling enables cross-talk between dopamine D5 and gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptors". Nature. 403 (6767): 274–280. Bibcode:2000Natur.403..274L. doi:10.1038/35002014. PMID 10659839. S2CID 4415918.
• Baulac S, Huberfeld G, Gourfinkel-An I, Mitropoulou G, Beranger A, Prud'homme JF, Baulac M, Brice A, Bruzzone R, LeGuern E (May 2001). "First genetic evidence of GABA(A) receptor dysfunction in epilepsy: a mutation in the gamma2-subunit gene". Nature Genetics. 28 (1): 46–48. doi:10.1038/88254. PMID 11326274.
• Wallace RH, Marini C, Petrou S, Harkin LA, Bowser DN, Panchal RG, Williams DA, Sutherland GR, Mulley JC, Scheffer IE, Berkovic SF (May 2001). "Mutant GABA(A) receptor gamma2-subunit in childhood absence epilepsy and febrile seizures". Nature Genetics. 28 (1): 49–52. doi:10.1038/88259. PMID 11326275.
• Jiang S, Yu J, Wang J, Tan Z, Xue H, Feng G, He L, Yang H (2001). "Complete genomic sequence of 195 Kb of human DNA containing the gene GABRG2". DNA Sequence. 11 (5): 373–382. doi:10.3109/10425170009033988. PMID 11328646. S2CID 43206605.
• Harkin LA, Bowser DN, Dibbens LM, Singh R, Phillips F, Wallace RH, Richards MC, Williams DA, Mulley JC, Berkovic SF, Scheffer IE, Petrou S (February 2002). "Truncation of the GABA(A)-receptor gamma2 subunit in a family with generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus". American Journal of Human Genetics. 70 (2): 530–536. doi:10.1086/338710. PMC 384926. PMID 11748509.
• Nymann-Andersen J, Wang H, Chen L, Kittler JT, Moss SJ, Olsen RW (March 2002). "Subunit specificity and interaction domain between GABA(A) receptor-associated protein (GABARAP) and GABA(A) receptors". Journal of Neurochemistry. 80 (5): 815–823. doi:10.1046/j.0022-3042.2002.00762.x. PMID 11948245. S2CID 38049055.
• Kananura C, Haug K, Sander T, Runge U, Gu W, Hallmann K, Rebstock J, Heils A, Steinlein OK (July 2002). "A splice-site mutation in GABRG2 associated with childhood absence epilepsy and febrile convulsions". Archives of Neurology. 59 (7): 1137–1141. doi:10.1001/archneur.59.7.1137. PMID 12117362.
• Trudell J (September 2002). "Unique assignment of inter-subunit association in GABA(A) alpha 1 beta 3 gamma 2 receptors determined by molecular modeling". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes. 1565 (1): 91–96. doi:10.1016/S0005-2736(02)00512-6. PMID 12225856.
• Nymann-Andersen J, Wang H, Olsen RW (September 2002). "Biochemical identification of the binding domain in the GABA(A) receptor-associated protein (GABARAP) mediating dimer formation". Neuropharmacology. 43 (4): 476–481. doi:10.1016/S0028-3908(02)00165-X. PMID 12367594. S2CID 38995093.
• Sarto I, Wabnegger L, Dögl E, Sieghart W (September 2002). "Homologous sites of GABA(A) receptor alpha(1), beta(3) and gamma(2) subunits are important for assembly". Neuropharmacology. 43 (4): 482–491. doi:10.1016/S0028-3908(02)00160-0. PMID 12367595. S2CID 140209788.
• Lu J, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Pan H, Wu H, Xu K, Liu X, Jiang Y, Bao X, Ding K, Shen Y, Wu X (October 2002). "Mutation screen of the GABA(A) receptor gamma 2 subunit gene in Chinese patients with childhood absence epilepsy". Neuroscience Letters. 332 (2): 75–78. doi:10.1016/S0304-3940(02)00805-4. PMID 12384214. S2CID 54375872.
• Wang J, Liu S, Haditsch U, Tu W, Cochrane K, Ahmadian G, Tran L, Paw J, Wang Y, Mansuy I, Salter MM, Lu YM (February 2003). "Interaction of calcineurin and type-A GABA receptor gamma 2 subunits produces long-term depression at CA1 inhibitory synapses". The Journal of Neuroscience. 23 (3): 826–836. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.23-03-00826.2003. PMC 6741901. PMID 12574411.
• Phillips WD, Froehner SC (January 2002). "GABARAP and GABA(A) receptor clustering". Neuron. 33 (1): 4–6. doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(01)00569-4. PMID 11779472. S2CID 17051192.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.