Glutaminase 2 (liver, mitochondrial) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GLS2 gene.[5]

GLS2
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesGLS2, GA, GLS, LGA, hLGA, glutaminase 2
External IDsOMIM: 606365; MGI: 2143539; HomoloGene: 40861; GeneCards: GLS2; OMA:GLS2 - orthologs
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_001280796
NM_001280797
NM_001280798
NM_013267
NM_138566

NM_001033264
NM_001285777
NM_001285779

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001267725
NP_001267726
NP_001267727
NP_037399

NP_001028436
NP_001272706
NP_001272708

Location (UCSC)Chr 12: 56.47 – 56.49 MbChr 10: 128.03 – 128.05 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Structure

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The GLS2 gene is on the 12th chromosome in humans, with its specific location being 12q13.3. It contains 19 exons.[5]

Function

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GLS2 is a part of the glutaminase family. The protein encoded by this gene is a mitochondrial phosphate-activated glutaminase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of glutamine to stoichiometric amounts of glutamate and ammonia. Originally thought to be liver-specific, this protein has been found in other tissues as well. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants that encode different isoforms.

Clinical significance

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GLS2 has interesting molecular relationships with tumor progression and cancer. Glutaminase 2 negatively regulates the PI3K/AKT signaling and shows tumor suppression activity in human hepatocellular carcinoma.[6] Additionally, silencing of GLS and overexpression of GLS2 genes cooperate in decreasing the proliferation and viability of glioblastoma cells.[7]

References

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  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000135423Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000044005Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ a b "Entrez Gene: Glutaminase 2 (liver, mitochondrial)".
  6. ^ Liu J, Zhang C, Lin M, Zhu W, Liang Y, Hong X, Zhao Y, Young KH, Hu W, Feng Z (May 2014). "Glutaminase 2 negatively regulates the PI3K/AKT signaling and shows tumor suppression activity in human hepatocellular carcinoma". Oncotarget. 5 (9): 2635–47. doi:10.18632/oncotarget.1862. PMC 4058033. PMID 24797434.
  7. ^ Szeliga M, Bogacińska-Karaś M, Różycka A, Hilgier W, Marquez J, Albrecht J (Mar 2014). "Silencing of GLS and overexpression of GLS2 genes cooperate in decreasing the proliferation and viability of glioblastoma cells". Tumour Biology. 35 (3): 1855–62. doi:10.1007/s13277-013-1247-4. PMC 3967065. PMID 24096582.

Further reading

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This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.