Espadarana is a genus of glass frogs.[2][3] They are found in Central America (Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama) and northern South America (Venezuela, Colombia, and Ecuador).[2]
| Espadarana | |
|---|---|
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| |
| Espadarana prosoblepon | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Anura |
| Family: | Centrolenidae |
| Subfamily: | Centroleninae |
| Genus: | Espadarana Guayasamin, Castroviejo-Fisher, Trueb, Ayarzagüena, Rada, and Vilà, 2009[1] |
| Type species | |
| Centrolenella andina Rivero, 1968
| |
Etymology
editThe generic name Espadarana honors Marcos Jiménez de la Espada, a Spanish zoologist. Among other things, he described the first centrolenid frog, Centrolene geckoideum in 1872. Moreover, the Spanish word espada means "sword", which can be associated with the humeral spines that adult male Espadarana have.[1]
Description
editThe diagnostic characters of Espadarana include conspicuous humeral spines present in adult males, as hinted in their name. There is moderate webbing between third and fourth fingers. The dorsum is lavender in preserved individuals and may have spots. Internal features include green bones (in live specimens), lobed liver covered by a transparent hepatic peritoneum, whereas the ventral parietal peritoneum is white in its anterior part and transparent in its poster part. The digestive tract is translucent. In terms of osteology, Espadarana possess vomerine teeth and quadratojugal bone that is articulating with maxilla.[1]
Reproduction
editIn Espadarana, males call while sitting on leaves or branches. The eggs are deposited on leaves over streams.[1]
Species
editThe genus contains five species:[2][3]
- Espadarana andina (Rivero, 1968)
- Espadarana audax (Lynch and Duellman, 1973)
- Espadarana callistomma (Guayasamin and Trueb, 2007)
- Espadarana durrellorum (Cisneros-Heredia, 2007)
- Espadarana prosoblepon (Boettger, 1892)
References
edit- ^ a b c d Guayasamin, J. M.; Castroviejo-Fisher, S.; Trueb, L.; Ayarzagüena, J.; Rada, M.; Vilà, C. (2009). "Phylogenetic systematics of glassfrogs (Amphibia: Centrolenidae) and their sister taxon Allophryne ruthveni". Zootaxa. 2100: 1–97. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2100.1.1. hdl:1808/13694. S2CID 86257528.
- ^ a b c Frost, Darrel R. (2016). "Espadarana Guayasamin, Castroviejo-Fisher, Trueb, Ayarzagüena, Rada, and Vilà, 2009". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 13 February 2017.
- ^ a b "Centrolenidae". AmphibiaWeb. University of California, Berkeley. 2017. Retrieved 13 February 2017.
