Eriocrania salopiella (also known as the small birch purple) is a moth of the family Eriocraniidae and is found in Europe. It was described by the English entomologist, Henry Tibbats Stainton in 1854. The larvae mine the leaves of birch (Betula species).
| Eriocrania salopiella | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Eriocraniidae |
| Genus: | Eriocrania |
| Species: | E. salopiella
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| Binomial name | |
| Eriocrania salopiella (Stainton, 1854)
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| Synonyms[1] | |
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Description edit
The wingspan is about 1 centimetre. The adult moths are golden coloured with purple markings with prominent yellow triangular patch on the tornus. The head is covered with golden hairs.[2] Flies in the sunshine in April and May amongst birches.[3]
Eggs are laid on the leaves of birch including silver birch (Betula pendula) and downy birch (Betula pubescens)[4]
- Larva
The larvae are whitish with a pale brown head and mine the leaves of birch (Betula species) in May and June. The mine starts as a corridor, usually near the mid-rib and gradually widens to a blotch.[5] Eriocrania sparrmannella has a similar looking mine, but feeds from mid-June to August.[6]
- Pupa
Distribution edit
The moth is found in northern and central Europe.[1]
Etymology edit
Stainton described the moth from a specimen found near Shrewsbury, Shropshire, England. He initially allocated the moth to the genus Micropteryx, which comes from the Greek for mikros, little and pterux, a wing. The moth was later moved to the genus Erioncrania. Erion refers to wool and kranion means the upper part of the head, which literally means woolly-headed, i.e. rough-haired, referring to the scales on the top of the head. The specific name, salopiella refers to Salop i.e. Shropshire, the locality of the type specimen.[7] [8]
References edit
- ^ a b "Eriocrania salopiella (Stainton, 1854)". Fauna Europaea. Retrieved 17 April 2022.
- ^ Kimber, Ian. "Eriocrania salopiella (Stainton, 1854)". UKmoths. Retrieved 17 April 2022.
- ^ Manley, Chris (2021). British & Irish Moths. A Photographic Guide (Third ed.). London: Bloomsbury Wildlife. pp. 20–1. ISBN 978-1-4729-7520-1.
- ^ a b Heath, John (1983). Eriocraniidae. In The Moths and Butterflies of Great Britain and Ireland. Volume 1. Colchester: Harley Books. pp. 156–165. ISBN 0-946589-15-1.
- ^ Ellis, W N. "Eriocrania salopiella (Stainton, 1854) small birch purple". Plant Parasites of Europe. Retrieved 17 April 2022.
- ^ Kimber, Ian. "Eriocrania sparrmannella (Bosc, 1791)". UKmoths. Retrieved 17 April 2022.
- ^ Smith, Frank. "Microlepidoptera (Micro-Moths)" (PDF). Cornwall and Isles of Scilly Federation for Biological Recorders. Retrieved 17 April 2022.
- ^ Emmet, A Maitland (1991). The Scientific Names of the British Lepidoptera. Their history and meaning. Colchester: Harley Books. p. 42. ISBN 0-946589-35-6.