Eremochaetidae is an extinct family of brachyceran flies known from the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods of Asia. It is part of the extinct superfamily Archisargoidea. The morphology of the ovipositor of the only 3 dimensionally preserved genus Zhenia was initially interpreted as evidence of being an endoparasitoid of arthropods,[1] however a subsequent study suggested that the ovipositor was used to deposit its eggs in plant material, similar to members of Tephritoidea.[2] In a phylogenetic analysis, Ermochaetidae was found to be monophyletic, surrounded by a paraphyletic Archisargidae.[3]

Eremochaetidae
Temporal range: Oxfordian–Cenomanian
Zhenia xiai
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Diptera
Superfamily: Archisargoidea
Family: Eremochaetidae
Ussatchov 1968
Genera

See text

Zhenia burmensis

Taxonomy edit

  • Alleremonomus Ren and Guo 1995[4]
  • Dissup Evenhuis 1994[5]
    • Dissup clausus Zhang et al. 2014[6] Yixian Formation, China, Aptian
    • Dissup irae (Kovalev 1989)[7] Turga Formation, Russia, Aptian
  • Eremochaetomima Mostovski 1996[8]
  • Eremochaetosoma Kovalev 1986[9]
  • Eremochaetus Ussatchov 1968[10]
    • Eremochaetus asilicus Ussatchov 1968 Karabastau Formation, Kazakhstan, Oxfordian
  • Eremomukha Mostovski 1996[8]
    • Eremomukha (Eremocreta) Mostovski 1996
      • Eremomukha (Eremocreta) addita Mostovski 1996 Zaza Formation, Russia, Aptian
      • Eremomukha (Eremocreta) posita Mostovski 1996 Zaza Formation, Russia, Aptian
      • Eremomukha (Eremocreta) sorosi Mostovski 1996 Zaza Formation, Russia, Aptian
    • Eremomukha (Eremomukha) Mostovski 1996
      • Eremomukha (Eremomukha) angusta Zhang 2014[11] Yixian Formation, China, Aptian
      • Eremomukha (Eremomukha) insidiosa Mostovski 1996 Gurvan-Eren Formation, Mongolia, Aptian
      • Eremomukha (Eremomukha) tenuissima Zhang 2014 Yixian Formation, China, Aptian
      • Eremomukha (Eremomukha) tsokotukha Mostovski 1996 Dzun-Bain Formation, Mongolia, Aptian
  • Lepteremochaetus Ren 1998[12] Yixian Formation, China, Aptian
    • Lepteremochaetus elegans Zhang 2014[11]
    • Lepteremochaetus lithoecius Ren 1998
  • Pareremochaetus Ussatchov 1968[10]
    • Pareremochaetus minor Ussatchov 1968 Karabastau Formation, Kazakhstan, Oxfordian
  • Zhenia Zhang et al. 2016[1] Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian
    • Zhenia xiai Zhang et al. 2016
    • Zhenia burmensis Zhang & Zhang, 2019[2]

References edit

  1. ^ a b Zhang, Qingqing; Zhang, Junfeng; Feng, Yitao; Zhang, Haichun; Wang, Bo (February 2016). "An endoparasitoid Cretaceous fly and the evolution of parasitoidism". The Science of Nature. 103 (1–2): 2. doi:10.1007/s00114-015-1327-y. ISSN 0028-1042. PMID 26715353. S2CID 16580195.
  2. ^ a b Zhang, Qingqing; Zhang, Junfeng (2019-06-14). "Contribution to the knowledge of male and female eremochaetid flies in the late Cretaceous amber of Burma (Diptera, Brachycera, Eremochaetidae)". Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift. 66 (1): 75–83. doi:10.3897/dez.66.33914. ISSN 1860-1324.
  3. ^ Grimaldi, David A.; Barden, Phillip (2016-09-29). "The Mesozoic Family Eremochaetidae (Diptera: Brachycera) in Burmese Amber and Relationships of Archisargoidea: Brachycera in Cretaceous Amber, Part VIII". American Museum Novitates (3865): 1–29. doi:10.1206/3865.1. ISSN 0003-0082. S2CID 89602433.
  4. ^ D. Ren and Z. Guo. 1995. A new genus and two new species of short-horned flies of Upper Jurassic from Northeast China (Diptera: Eremochaetidae). Entomologica Sinica 2(4):300-307
  5. ^ N. L. Evenhuis. 1994. Catalogue of the Fossil Flies of the World (Insecta: Diptera) 1-600
  6. ^ Zhang, Kuiyan; Yang, Ding; Ren, Dong (2014-02-03). "New short-horned flies (Diptera: Eremochaetidae) from the Early Cretaceous of China". Zootaxa. 3760 (3): 479–86. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3760.3.15. ISSN 1175-5334. PMID 24870098.
  7. ^ V. G. Kovalev. 1989. Eremochaetidae, the Mesozoic family of brachycerous dipterans. Paleontological Journal 23(2):100-105
  8. ^ a b M. B. Mostovski. 1996. To the knowledge of Archisargoidea (Diptera, Brachycera). Families Eremochaetidae and Archisargidae. Russian Entomological Journal 5:117-124
  9. ^ V. G. Kovalev. 1986. Bibionomorpha and Asilomorpha, in Nasekomye v rannemelovykh ekosistemakh zapadnoy Mongolii. The Joint Soviet-Mongolian Palaeontological Expedition 28:125-154
  10. ^ a b D. A. Ussatchov. 1968. New Jurassic Asilomorpha (Diptera) in Karatau. Entomological Review 47:617-628
  11. ^ a b Zhang, Junfeng (May 2014). "New male eremochaetid flies (Diptera, Brachycera, Eremochaetidae) from the Lower Cretaceous of China". Cretaceous Research. 49: 205–213. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2014.02.012.
  12. ^ D. Ren. 1998. Late Jurassic Brachycera from northeastern China (Insecta: Diptera). Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica 23:65-82