The following table compares official EPA ratings for fuel economy (in miles per gallon gasoline equivalent, mpg-e or MPGe, for plug-in electric vehicles) for series production all-electric passenger vehicles rated by the EPA for model years 2015,[1] 2016,[2] 2017,[3] and 2023[4] versus the model year 2016 vehicles that were rated the most efficient by the EPA with plug-in hybrid drivetrains (Chevrolet Volt – second generation), gasoline-electric hybrid drivetrains (Toyota Prius Eco - fourth generation),[5][6][7] and the average new vehicle for that model year, which has a fuel economy of 25 mpg‑US (9.4 L/100 km; 30 mpg‑imp).[2][5]
EPA rating data are taken from manufacturer testing of their own vehicles, usually conducted using pre-production prototypes. Manufacturers report the results to EPA, which reviews the results and confirms about 15%–20% of them through their own tests at the National Vehicles and Fuel Emissions Laboratory.[8]
Comparison of top fuel efficient battery-electric vehicles versus most efficient fossil fuel vehicles (including hybrid-electric vehicles) (Fuel economy as displayed in the Monroney label)[1][2][3] | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Vehicle | Model year |
EPA rated fuel economy | Notes | ||||
Combined | City | Highway | |||||
Toyota Prius HEV[4] | 2023 | 57 mpg | 57 mpg | 56 mpg | (9) | ||
Hyundai Ioniq 6 Long Range AWD w/ 18-inch wheels[4] | 2023 | 140 mpg‑e 24.1 kWh/100 mi; 15.0 kWh/100 km |
153 mpg‑e 22.0 kWh/100 mi; 13.7 kWh/100 km |
127 mpg‑e 26.5 kWh/100 mi; 16.5 kWh/100 km |
(1) | ||
Lucid Air Pure AWD w/ 19-inch wheels[4] | 2023 | 140 mpg‑e 24.1 kWh/100 mi; 15.0 kWh/100 km |
141 mpg‑e 23.9 kWh/100 mi; 14.9 kWh/100 km |
140 mpg‑e 24.1 kWh/100 mi; 15.0 kWh/100 km |
(1) | ||
Tesla Model Y AWD[4] | 2023 | 123 mpg‑e 27.4 kWh/100 mi; 17.0 kWh/100 km |
129 mpg‑e 26.1 kWh/100 mi; 16.2 kWh/100 km |
116 mpg‑e 29.1 kWh/100 mi; 18.1 kWh/100 km |
(1) | ||
Tesla Model 3[9] Standard Range[10] | 2020 | 141 mpg‑e 23.9 kWh/100 mi; 14.9 kWh/100 km |
148 mpg‑e 22.8 kWh/100 mi; 14.2 kWh/100 km |
132 mpg‑e 25.5 kWh/100 mi; 15.9 kWh/100 km |
(1) | ||
Hyundai Ioniq Electric[3][11] | 2017 | 136 mpg‑e 24.8 kWh/100 mi; 15.4 kWh/100 km |
150 mpg‑e 22.5 kWh/100 mi; 14.0 kWh/100 km |
122 mpg‑e 27.6 kWh/100 mi; 17.2 kWh/100 km |
(1) (4) | ||
BMW i3 (60 A·h)[12][13] | 2014/15/16 | 124 mpg‑e 27.2 kWh/100 mi; 16.9 kWh/100 km |
137 mpg‑e 24.6 kWh/100 mi; 15.3 kWh/100 km |
111 mpg‑e 30.4 kWh/100 mi; 18.9 kWh/100 km |
(1) (3) (4) (5) | ||
Scion iQ EV[14] | 2013 | 121 mpg‑e 27.9 kWh/100 mi; 17.3 kWh/100 km |
138 mpg‑e 24.4 kWh/100 mi; 15.2 kWh/100 km |
105 mpg‑e 32.1 kWh/100 mi; 19.9 kWh/100 km |
(1) | ||
Tesla Model 3 Long Range AWD[15] | 2020 | 121 mpg‑e 27.9 kWh/100 mi; 17.3 kWh/100 km |
124 mpg‑e 27.2 kWh/100 mi; 16.9 kWh/100 km |
116 mpg‑e 29.1 kWh/100 mi; 18.1 kWh/100 km |
(1) | ||
Chevrolet Bolt EV[16] | 2017 | 119 mpg‑e 28.3 kWh/100 mi; 17.6 kWh/100 km |
121 mpg‑e 27.9 kWh/100 mi; 17.3 kWh/100 km |
110 mpg‑e 30.6 kWh/100 mi; 19.0 kWh/100 km |
|||
Chevrolet Spark EV[17] | 2014/15/16 | 119 mpg‑e 28.3 kWh/100 mi; 17.6 kWh/100 km |
128 mpg‑e 26.3 kWh/100 mi; 16.4 kWh/100 km |
109 mpg‑e 30.9 kWh/100 mi; 19.2 kWh/100 km |
(1) | ||
BMW i3 (94 A·h)[12] | 2017 | 118 mpg‑e 28.6 kWh/100 mi; 17.7 kWh/100 km |
129 mpg‑e 26.1 kWh/100 mi; 16.2 kWh/100 km |
106 mpg‑e 31.8 kWh/100 mi; 19.8 kWh/100 km |
(1) | ||
Honda Fit EV[18] | 2013/14 | 118 mpg‑e 28.6 kWh/100 mi; 17.7 kWh/100 km |
132 mpg‑e 25.5 kWh/100 mi; 15.9 kWh/100 km |
105 mpg‑e 32.1 kWh/100 mi; 19.9 kWh/100 km |
(1) | ||
Fiat 500e[19] | 2013/14/15 | 116 mpg‑e 29.1 kWh/100 mi; 18.1 kWh/100 km |
122 mpg‑e 27.6 kWh/100 mi; 17.2 kWh/100 km |
108 mpg‑e 31.2 kWh/100 mi; 19.4 kWh/100 km |
(1) | ||
Volkswagen e-Golf[20] | 2015/16 | 116 mpg‑e 29.1 kWh/100 mi; 18.1 kWh/100 km |
126 mpg‑e 26.8 kWh/100 mi; 16.6 kWh/100 km |
105 mpg‑e 32.1 kWh/100 mi; 19.9 kWh/100 km |
(1) | ||
Nissan Leaf (24 kW-h)[21] | 2013/14/15/16 | 114 mpg‑e 29.6 kWh/100 mi; 18.4 kWh/100 km |
126 mpg‑e 26.8 kWh/100 mi; 16.6 kWh/100 km |
101 mpg‑e 33.4 kWh/100 mi; 20.7 kWh/100 km |
(1) (6) | ||
Mitsubishi i[22] | 2012/13/14/16 | 112 mpg‑e 30.1 kWh/100 mi; 18.7 kWh/100 km |
126 mpg‑e 26.8 kWh/100 mi; 16.6 kWh/100 km |
99 mpg‑e 34.0 kWh/100 mi; 21.2 kWh/100 km |
(1) | ||
Nissan Leaf (30 kW-h)[21] | 2016 | 112 mpg‑e 30.1 kWh/100 mi; 18.7 kWh/100 km |
124 mpg‑e 27.2 kWh/100 mi; 16.9 kWh/100 km |
101 mpg‑e 33.4 kWh/100 mi; 20.7 kWh/100 km |
(1) | ||
Fiat 500e[23] | 2016 | 112 mpg‑e 30.1 kWh/100 mi; 18.7 kWh/100 km |
121 mpg‑e 27.9 kWh/100 mi; 17.3 kWh/100 km |
103 mpg‑e 32.7 kWh/100 mi; 20.3 kWh/100 km |
(1) | ||
Smart electric drive[24] | 2013/14/15/16 | 107 mpg‑e 31.5 kWh/100 mi; 19.6 kWh/100 km |
122 mpg‑e 27.6 kWh/100 mi; 17.2 kWh/100 km |
93 mpg‑e 36.2 kWh/100 mi; 22.5 kWh/100 km |
(1) (7) | ||
Kia Soul EV[25] | 2015/16 | 105 mpg‑e 32.1 kWh/100 mi; 19.9 kWh/100 km |
120 mpg‑e 28.1 kWh/100 mi; 17.5 kWh/100 km |
92 mpg‑e 36.6 kWh/100 mi; 22.8 kWh/100 km |
(1) | ||
Ford Focus Electric[26] | 2012/13/14/15/16 | 105 mpg‑e 32.1 kWh/100 mi; 19.9 kWh/100 km |
110 mpg‑e 30.6 kWh/100 mi; 19.0 kWh/100 km |
99 mpg‑e 34.0 kWh/100 mi; 21.2 kWh/100 km |
(1) | ||
Tesla Model S AWD - 70D[2][27] | 2015/16 | 101 mpg‑e 33.4 kWh/100 mi; 20.7 kWh/100 km |
101 mpg‑e 33.4 kWh/100 mi; 20.7 kWh/100 km |
102 mpg‑e 33.0 kWh/100 mi; 20.5 kWh/100 km |
(1) | ||
Tesla Model S AWD - 85D[2][28] & 90D[2][27] | 2015/16 | 100 mpg‑e 33.7 kWh/100 mi; 20.9 kWh/100 km |
95 mpg‑e 35.5 kWh/100 mi; 22.0 kWh/100 km |
106 mpg‑e 31.8 kWh/100 mi; 19.8 kWh/100 km |
(1) (8) | ||
Tesla Model S (60 kW·h)[2][27] | 2014/15/16 | 95 mpg‑e 35.5 kWh/100 mi; 22.0 kWh/100 km |
94 mpg‑e 35.9 kWh/100 mi; 22.3 kWh/100 km |
97 mpg‑e 34.7 kWh/100 mi; 21.6 kWh/100 km |
(1) | ||
Tesla Model S AWD - P85D[2][28] & P90D[2][27] | 2015/16 | 93 mpg‑e 36.2 kWh/100 mi; 22.5 kWh/100 km |
89 mpg‑e 37.9 kWh/100 mi; 23.5 kWh/100 km |
98 mpg‑e 34.4 kWh/100 mi; 21.4 kWh/100 km |
(1) (8) | ||
Tesla Model X AWD – 90D[29] | 2016 | 92 mpg‑e 36.6 kWh/100 mi; 22.8 kWh/100 km |
90 mpg‑e 37.5 kWh/100 mi; 23.3 kWh/100 km |
94 mpg‑e 35.9 kWh/100 mi; 22.3 kWh/100 km |
(1) | ||
Tesla Model X AWD – P90D[29] | 2016 | 89 mpg‑e 37.9 kWh/100 mi; 23.5 kWh/100 km |
89 mpg‑e 37.9 kWh/100 mi; 23.5 kWh/100 km |
90 mpg‑e 37.5 kWh/100 mi; 23.3 kWh/100 km |
(1) | ||
Tesla Model S (85 kW·h)[30] | 2012/13/14/15 | 89 mpg‑e 37.9 kWh/100 mi; 23.5 kWh/100 km |
88 mpg‑e 38.3 kWh/100 mi; 23.8 kWh/100 km |
90 mpg‑e 37.5 kWh/100 mi; 23.3 kWh/100 km |
(1) | ||
Mercedes-Benz B-Class Electric Drive[31] | 2014/15/16 | 84 mpg‑e 40.1 kWh/100 mi; 24.9 kWh/100 km |
85 mpg‑e 39.7 kWh/100 mi; 24.6 kWh/100 km |
83 mpg‑e 40.6 kWh/100 mi; 25.2 kWh/100 km |
(1) | ||
Toyota RAV4 EV[32] | 2012/13/14 | 76 mpg‑e 44.3 kWh/100 mi; 27.6 kWh/100 km |
78 mpg‑e 43.2 kWh/100 mi; 26.9 kWh/100 km |
74 mpg‑e 45.5 kWh/100 mi; 28.3 kWh/100 km |
(1) | ||
BYD e6[2][33] | 2012/13/14/15/16 | 63 mpg‑e 53.5 kWh/100 mi; 33.2 kWh/100 km |
61 mpg‑e 55.3 kWh/100 mi; 34.3 kWh/100 km |
65 mpg‑e 51.9 kWh/100 mi; 32.2 kWh/100 km |
(1) | ||
Second gen Chevrolet Volt[2][34][35] Plug-in hybrid (PHEV) Electricity only |
2016 | 106 mpg‑e 31.8 kWh/100 mi; 19.8 kWh/100 km |
113 mpg‑e 29.8 kWh/100 mi; 18.5 kWh/100 km |
99 mpg‑e 34.0 kWh/100 mi; 21.2 kWh/100 km |
(1) (2) (9) | ||
Volt, Gasoline only | 42 mpg | 43 mpg | 42 mpg | ||||
Toyota Prius Eco (4th gen)[6] Hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) Gasoline-electric hybrid |
2016 | 56 mpg | 58 mpg | 53 mpg | (2) (10) | ||
Ford Fusion AWD A-S6 2.0L[2][36] Gasoline-powered (Average new vehicle) |
2016 | 25 mpg | 22 mpg | 31 mpg | (2) (11) | ||
Notes: All estimated fuel economy based on 15,000 miles (24,000 km) annual driving, 45% highway and 55% city (1) Conversion 1 gallon of gasoline=33.7 kW·h. |
See also
editReferences
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- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Fuel Economy Guide, Model Year 2016 (PDF) (Report). United States Environmental Protection Agency. 2015. Retrieved 15 September 2024. See pp. 27–28 for all-electric vehicles and pp. 30–31 for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. The average 2016 vehicle gets 25 mpg
- ^ a b c Fuel Economy Guide, Model Year 2017 (PDF) (Report). United States Environmental Protection Agency. 2016. pp. 32–36. Retrieved 15 September 2024.
- ^ a b c d e Fuel Economy Guide, Model Year 2023 (PDF) (Report). United States Environmental Protection Agency. 2022. p. 11. Retrieved 15 September 2024.
- ^ a b c d e U. S. Environmental Protection Agency and U.S. Department of Energy (2015-12-04). "Fueleconomy.gov's Top Fuel Sippers (EPA Ratings, All Years)". fueleconomy.gov. Retrieved 2015-12-06. Excludes all-electric vehicles. Click on the tab "Top Fuel Sippers (EPA Ratings, All Years)" - The 2016 Volt has a combined fuel economy of 77 mpg-e. The BMW i3 REx has a combined fuel economy of 88 mpg-e, and ranks as the most efficient EPA-certified current year vehicle with a gasoline engine.
- ^ a b U. S. Environmental Protection Agency and U.S. Department of Energy (2015-12-18). "Compare Side-by-Side - 2015 Toyota Prius, 2016 Toyota Prius and 2016 Toyota Prius Eco". Fueleconomy.gov. Retrieved 2015-12-18. The average 2016 vehicle gets 25 mpg.
- ^ U. S. Environmental Protection Agency and U.S. Department of Energy (2015-08-14). "2016 Best and Worst Fuel Economy Vehicles - (excluding electric vehicles)". Fueleconomy.gov. Retrieved 2015-08-17. See the tab "Cars excl. EVs" – The Prius c is the most fuel efficient in the compact class and the conventional Prius is the most fuel efficient in the midsize class, and both rank ahead of the most fuel efficient in any other clars.
- ^ United States Environmental Protection Agency and U.S. Department of Energy. "How Vehicles Are Tested". www.fueleconomy.gov.
- ^ "2020 Tesla Model 3 Standard Range Plus". www.fueleconomy.gov. Retrieved 2020-12-05.
- ^ U. S. Environmental Protection Agency and U.S. Department of Energy (2020-05-10). "2020 Model 3 SR+". Fueleconomy.gov. Retrieved 2020-05-10.
- ^ United States Environmental Protection Agency and U.S. Department of Energy (2016-11-18). "Compare Side-by-Side: 2017 Hyundai Ioniq Electric". fueleconomy.gov. Retrieved 2016-11-19.
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- ^ (de) Electricity consumption - electric cars