Crangon allmani, also spelled Crangon allmanni, is a species of shrimp in the genus Crangon. It is at home in the northeast Atlantic Ocean.[1] Its specific name, allmani, honours the Irish natural historian George J. Allman.[2] According to J. A. Allen, the spelling allmanni is a writing error and the correct spelling is allmani.[3]
| Crangon allmani | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Malacostraca |
| Order: | Decapoda |
| Suborder: | Pleocyemata |
| Infraorder: | Caridea |
| Family: | Crangonidae |
| Genus: | Crangon |
| Species: | C. allmani
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| Binomial name | |
| Crangon allmani Kinahan, 1860
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Description
editCrangon allmani body length is up to 77 mm. It has a brownish-gray to reddish-gray colour. The short rostrum is about half as long as the eyes and is small with a rounded end.[4] The carapace is smooth except for some small items.[5] Crangon allmani can be distinguished from the North Sea shrimp Crangon crangon by a longitudinal furrow along the back on the sixth and hindmost pleon segment. A ridge occurs along each side of the furrow. Two pairs of small thorns are on the telson.[6]
Male and female specimens can be distinguished by examining the swimmerets. On the endopodite of the second swimmeret of the male is a clamp-like feature called the appendix masculina.[3]
Distribution and habitat
editCrangon allmani is restricted to the east boreal zone of the Atlantic Ocean. The species is found from the White Sea to the Bay of Biscay, as well as in the North Sea, the Kattegat, and around Iceland.[3] It can be found around Shetland and the Faroe Islands, as well.[7]
It is found at a depth between 20 and 250 m, and occasionally as deep as 360 m. It inhabits sandy or muddy sea bottoms.[6]
Way of life
editCrangon allmani primarily eats crustaceans and ringworms (Annelida). Occasionally, it eats mollusks, Foraminifera, and brittle stars (Ophiuroidea). Scales of Merlangius (whiting) have been found in the stomachs of some individuals.[3]
Its behaviour is to some extent determined by sex. The first egg-laying females appear in small numbers at the end of the first weeks of December. Their number reaches its maximum of 26% in April and May; a further maximum is apparent in the offshore populations in July. Newly laid eggs are translucent gold-coloured, round, and 0.39 mm in diameter. During their development, the eggs become longer and reach a length around 0.69 mm before hatching. The females carry on average up to 2500 eggs; larger individuals can carry up to 7000 eggs. The development time for the larvae is about seven weeks. Most shrimp reach an age of three years; some grow one year older. Possibly, the males die earlier, shortly after copulation.[3]
Fishing and exploitation
editCrangon allmani is not commercially fished and has no commercial value.[8]
References
edit- ^ Joana Campos; Cláudia Moreira; Fabiana Freitas & Henk W. van der Veer (2012). "Short review of the eco-geography of Crangon". Journal of Crustacean Biology. 32 (2): 159–169. doi:10.1163/193724011X615569.
- ^ Erstbeschreibung in Proceedings of the Natural History Society of Dublin 2. (Online)
- ^ a b c d e Allen, J. A. (October 1960). "On the biology of Crangon allmani Kinahan in Northumberland Waters" (PDF). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. 39 (3): 481–508. doi:10.1017/S0025315400013497. S2CID 85939893.
- ^ P. J. Hayward, J. S. Ryland: Handbook of the Marine Fauna of North-West Europe. Oxford University Press, 1990, ISBN 978-0198540557, S. 425.
- ^ Andrew Hosie: Crangon allmanni. A shrimp. Marine Life Information Network: Biology and Sensitivity Key Information Sub-programme, 2009. (Online)
- ^ a b Crangon allmani im Marine Species Identification Portal.
- ^ Fransen, C.; De Grave, S. (2014). "Crangon allmanni Kinahan, 1860". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved February 22, 2015.
- ^ "Fischbestände Online". Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-07-31.