Costularia is a plant genus in the family Cyperaceae.[2][3][4][5] It includes 15 species native to southeastern Africa, ranging from South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal and Northern Provinces) through Eswatini, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, and Malawi, and to the islands Madagascar, Réunion, and the Seychelles in the Western Indian Ocean.[1][6]
| Costularia | |
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| Costularia sp. | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Clade: | Commelinids |
| Order: | Poales |
| Family: | Cyperaceae |
| Genus: | Costularia C.B.Clarke |
| Synonyms[1] | |
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The genus was formerly circumscribed to include 25 species. A molecular phylogenetic study found that circumscription to include four distinct lineages:
- Costularia s.s. (11 species) from Africa, Madagascar, the Mascarene Islands and Seychelles.
- Chamaedendron Larridon (five species) from New Caledonia.
- a group largely conforming to subgenus Lophoschoenus (eight species) from New Caledonia and Malesia that are now considered to be part of a redelimited genus Tetraria.
- the species Xyroschoenus hornei, which is endemic to the Seychelles.
In 2019, the genus was revised to include 15 species, generally corresponding to Costularia s.s. and including a few previously undescribed species.[6]
List of species
edit15 species are accepted:[1]
- Costularia andringitrensis Larridon
- Costularia brevifolia Cherm.
- Costularia cadetii Larridon
- Costularia humbertii Bosser
- Costularia itremoensis Larridon
- Costularia laxa Cherm.
- Costularia leucocarpa (Ridl.) Pfeiff.
- Costularia melicoides (Poir.) C.B.Clarke
- Costularia melleri (Baker) C.B.Clarke
- Costularia microcarpa (Cherm.) Kük.
- Costularia natalensis C.B.Clarke
- Costularia pantopoda (Baker) C.B.Clarke
- Costularia purpurea Cherm.
- Costularia robusta (Cherm.) Larridon
- Costularia xipholepis (Baker) Henriette & Senterre
Formerly placed here
editXyroschoenus hornei (as Costularia hornei (C.B.Clarke) Kük.)
References
edit- ^ a b c Costularia C.B.Clarke. Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 11 November 2023.
- ^ Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
- ^ Govaerts, R. & Simpson, D.A. (2007). World Checklist of Cyperaceae. Sedges: 1-765. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- ^ Hoenselaar, K., Verdcourt, B. & Beentje, H. (2010). Cyperaceae. Flora of Tropical East Africa: 1-466.
- ^ Strugnell, A.M. (2006). A checklist of the Spermatophytes of Mt. Mulanje, Malawi. Scripta Botanica Belgica 34: 1-199.
- ^ a b Larridon I, Rabarivola L, Xanthos M, Muasya AM. 2019. Revision of the Afro-Madagascan genus Costularia (Schoeneae, Cyperaceae): infrageneric relationships and species delimitation. PeerJ 7:e6528 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6528
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