Characidium is a genus of fish in the family Crenuchidae (South American darters). They are mainly found in South America, but C. marshi is from Panama.[1] They are small (less than 10 cm or 4 in long), slender fish that live on the bottom in flowing fresh waters and feed on small animals such as insects.[2]
| Characidium | |
|---|---|
| |
| Characidium fasciatum | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Characiformes |
| Family: | Crenuchidae |
| Genus: | Characidium J. T. Reinhardt, 1867 |
| Type species | |
| Characidium fasciatum J. T. Reinhardt, 1867
| |
| Synonyms | |
|
Chorimycterus Cope, 1894 | |
Species
editThere are currently 81 recognized species in this genus:[1]
- Characidium alipioi Travassos, 1955
- Characidium amaila Lujan, Agudelo-Zamora, Taphorn, Booth & López-Fernández, 2013[2]
- Characidium bahiense V. G. Almeida, 1971
- Characidium barbosai Flausino Junior, Lima, Machado & Melo, 2020
- Characidium bimaculatum Fowler, 1941[3]
- Characidium boavistae Steindachner, 1915
- Characidium boehlkei Géry, 1972
- Characidium bolivianum N. E. Pearson, 1924
- Characidium borellii Boulenger, 1895
- Characidium brevirostre Pellegrin, 1909
- Characidium cacah Zanata, Ribeiro, Araújo-Porto, Pessali & Oliveira-Silva, 2020
- Characidium caucanum C. H. Eigenmann, 1912
- Characidium chancoense Agudelo-Zamora, Ortega-Lara & Taphorn, 2020[4]
- Characidium chicoi da Graça, Ota & Domingues, 2019
- Characidium chupa L. P. Schultz, 1944
- Characidium clistenesi M. R. S. de Melo & Espíndola, 2016[3]
- Characidium crandellii Steindachner, 1915
- Characidium cricarense Malanski, Sarmento-Soares, Silva-Malanski, Lopes, Ingenito & Buckup, 2019
- Characidium declivirostre Steindachner, 1915
- Characidium deludens Zanata & Camelier, 2015[5]
- Characidium dule Agudelo-Zamora, Tavera, Murillo & Ortega-Lara, 2020
- Characidium duplicatum Armbruster, Lujan & Bloom, 2021
- Characidium etheostoma Cope, 1872
- Characidium etzeli Zarske & Géry, 2001
- Characidium fasciatum J. T. Reinhardt, 1867
- Characidium gomesi Travassos, 1956
- Characidium grajahuense Travassos, 1944
- Characidium hasemani Steindachner, 1915
- Characidium heinianum Zarske & Géry, 2001
- Characidium heirmostigmata da Graça & Pavanelli, 2008
- Characidium helmeri Zanata, Sarmento-Soares & Martins-Pinheiro, 2015[6]
- Characidium iaquira Zanata, Ohara, Oyakawa & Dagosta, 2020
- Characidium interruptum Pellegrin, 1909
- Characidium japuhybense Travassos, 1949
- Characidium kalunga Melo, Bouquerel, Masumoto, França & Netto-Ferreira, 2021
- Characidium kamakan Zanata & Camelier, 2015[5]
- Characidium lagosantense Travassos, 1947
- Characidium lanei Travassos, 1967
- Characidium laterale (Boulenger, 1895)
- Characidium lauroi Travassos, 1949
- Characidium litorale Leitão & Buckup, 2014[7]
- Characidium longum Taphorn, Montaña & Buckup, 2006
- Characidium macrolepidotum (W. K. H. Peters, 1868)
- Characidium marshi Breder, 1925
- Characidium mirim Netto-Ferreira, Birindelli & Buckup, 2013[8]
- Characidium nambiquara Zanata & Ohara, 2020
- Characidium nana Mendonça & Netto-Ferreira, 2015[9]
- Characidium nupelia da Graça, Pavanelli & Buckup, 2008
- Characidium occidentale Buckup & R. E. dos Reis, 1997
- Characidium oiticicai Travassos, 1967
- Characidium onca M. R. S. de Melo, Mauro César Lambert de Brito Ribeiro & F. C. T. Lima, 2021[10]
- Characidium orientale Buckup & R. E. dos Reis, 1997
- Characidium papachibe L. A. W. Peixoto & Wosiacki, 2013[11]
- Characidium pellucidum C. H. Eigenmann, 1909
- Characidium phoxocephalum C. H. Eigenmann, 1912
- Characidium pteroides C. H. Eigenmann, 1909
- Characidium pterostictum A. L. Gomes, 1947
- Characidium pumarinri Teixeira & Melo, 2020
- Characidium purpuratum Steindachner, 1882
- Characidium rachovii Regan, 1913
- Characidium roesseli Géry, 1965
- Characidium samurai Zanata & Camelier, 2014[12]
- Characidium sanctjohanni Dahl, 1960
- Characidium satoi M. R. S. de Melo & Oyakawa, 2015[13]
- Characidium schindleri Zarske & Géry, 2001
- Characidium schubarti Travassos, 1955
- Characidium serrano Buckup & R. E. dos Reis, 1997
- Characidium steindachneri Cope, 1878
- Characidium stigmosum M. R. S. de Melo & Buckup, 2002
- Characidium summum Zanata & Ohara, 2015[14]
- Characidium tapuia Zanata, Ramos & Oliveira-Silva, 2018
- Characidium tatama Agudelo-Zamora, Tavera, Murillo & Ortega-Lara, 2020
- Characidium tenue (Cope, 1894)
- Characidium timbuiense Travassos, 1946
- Characidium travassosi M. R. S. de Melo, Buckup & Oyakawa, 2016[15]
- Characidium vestigipinne Buckup & L. Hahn, 2000
- Characidium vidali Travassos, 1967
- Characidium wangyapoik Armbruster, Lujan & Bloom, 2021
- Characidium xanthopterum Silveira, Langeani, da Graça, Pavanelli & Buckup, 2008
- Characidium xavante da Graça, Pavanelli & Buckup, 2008
- Characidium zebra C. H. Eigenmann, 1909
References
edit- ^ a b Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Characidium". FishBase. September 2017 version.
- ^ a b Lujan, N.K., Agudelo-Zamora, H., Taphorn, D.C., Booth, P.N. & López-Fernández, H. (2013): Description of a New, Narrowly Endemic South American Darter (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from the Central Guiana Shield Highlands of Guyana. Copeia, 2013 (3): 454-463.
- ^ a b Melo, M.R.S. & Espíndola, V.C. (2016): Description of a new species of Characidium Reinhardt, 1867 (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from the Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, and redescription of Characidium bimaculatum Fowler, 1941. Zootaxa, 4196 (4): 552-568.
- ^ Agudelo-Zamora, Henry D.; Ortega-Lara, Armando; Taphorn, Donald C. B. (2020-05-01). "Characidium chancoense , a new species of South American darter from the Río Cauca drainage, Colombia (Characiformes: Crenuchidae)". Zootaxa. 4768 (2): 249–263. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4768.2.6. ISSN 1175-5334.
- ^ a b Zanata, A.M. & Camelier, P. (2015): Two new species of Characidium Reinhardt (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from northeastern Brazilian coastal drainages. Neotropical Ichthyology, 13 (3): 487-498.
- ^ Zanata, A.M., Sarmento-Soares, L.M. & Martins-Pinheiro, R.F. (2015): A new species of Characidium Reinhardt (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from coastal rivers in the extreme south of Bahia, Brazil. Zootaxa, 4040 (3): 371–383.
- ^ Leitão, R.P. & Buckup, P.A. (2014): A New Species of Characidium (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from Coastal Basins of Serra do Mar, Southeastern Brazil. Copeia, 2014 (1): 14-22.
- ^ Netto-Ferreira, A.L., Birindelli, J.L.O. & Buckup, P.A. (2013): A new miniature species of Characidium Reinhardt (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from the headwaters of the rio Araguaia, Brazil. Zootaxa, 3664 (3): 361–368.
- ^ Mendonça, M.B. & Netto-Ferreira, A.L. (2015): New species of Characidium (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from the Rio Tapajós and Rio Xingu drainages, Pará, Brazil. Zootaxa, 4021 (1): 187-194.
- ^ Marcelo Roberto Souto de Melo, Mauro César Lambert de Brito Ribeiro, Flávio César Thadeo de Lima, A new, narrowly distributed, and critically endangered species of Characidium (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from the Distrito Federal, Central Brazil, Neotrop. ichthyol. 19 (01) • 2021, https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2020-0061
- ^ Peixoto, L.A.W. & Wosiacki, W.B. (2013): A New Species of Characidium (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from the Lower Amazon. Copeia, 2013 (1): 52-57.
- ^ Zanata, A.M. & Camelier, P. (2014): A new species of Characidium (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from small coastal drainages in northeastern Brazil, with remarks on the pseudotympanum of some species of the genus. Neotropical Ichthyology, 12 (2): 333-342.
- ^ Melo, M.R.S. & Oyakawa, O.T. (2015): A New Species of Characidium Reinhardt (Characiformes, Crenuchidae) with a Distinctively Dimorphic Male. Copeia, 103 (2): 281-289.
- ^ Zanata, A.M. & Ohara, W.M. (2015): A new species of Characidium Reinhardt (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from headwaters of rio Pacaás Novos, rio Madeira basin, Rondônia, Brazil. Zootaxa, 4021 (2): 368-376.
- ^ Melo, M.R.S., Buckup, P.A. & Oyakawa, O.T. (2016): A new species of Characidium Reinhardt, 1867 (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) endemic to the Atlantic Forest in Paraná State, southern Brazil. Neotropical Ichthyology, 14 (3): e160014.