This article may contain excessive or inappropriate references to self-published sources. (February 2022) |
The Bora massacre was a mass extrajudicial killing that took place in Bora (Tigrinya: ቦራ) in the Tigray Region of Ethiopia during the Tigray War, on 8 January 2021, with aftermath killings that continued up to 10 January. [1][2][3] Bora is the capital town of woreda Bora-Selewa, Southern zone of Tigray.
| Bora massacre | |
|---|---|
| Part of Tigray War | |
  Bora  Bora Location of Bora in Tigray (Ethiopia) | |
| Location | Bora (Tigrinya: ቦራ), Tigray Region, Ethiopia |
| Date | 8 January 2021 |
| Target | Tigrayans |
Attack type | |
| Deaths | 187 civilians |
| Perpetrators |  Ethiopian National Defence Force |
Massacre
editA skirmish occurred between the TDF and ENDF on the morning of 8 January in the Ajale mountains, about 16 kilometres northeast of Bora. After the fighting, soldiers descended upon Bora.[2]
A massacre by the Ethiopian National Defense Force (ENDF) then took place, in which the ENDF killed from 70[4] to 170 civilians in Bora on 8-10 January 2021.[3] Soldiers went house to house in Bora and carried out the executions. After the killing, the soldiers stopped families from taking their dead. Burials were only permitted two days later; one person buried 26 corpses in the graveyard of the Abune Aregawi Church.[2] The executions mostly took the form of removing a man from his house, making him kneel, and shooting him in the head.[4] In the aftermath, the killing spree reached nearby villages Adi Shegla, Chamela and Chelena.[3]
A mother testified to the EHRC–OHCHR Tigray investigation that her son was executed in the 8 January massacre for being a suspected TPLF fighter.[4]
Perpetrators
editSurvivors interpreted the identity of the perpetrators as Ethiopian soldiers.[2]
Victims
editThe “Tigray: Atlas of the humanitarian situation” mentions 187 victims,[3] of which 64 have been identified.[5]
Reactions
editThe "Tigray: Atlas of the humanitarian situation",[3] that documented this massacre received international media attention, particularly with regard to its Annex A, which includes the Bora massacre.[6][7][8][9]
Mulu Nega, the chief executive of Tigray's transitional government, and Daniel Bekele, head of the Ethiopian Human Rights Commission (EHRC), did not respond to LA Times' requests for comment.[2] After months of denial by the Ethiopian authorities that massacres occurred in Tigray, the EHRC–OHCHR Tigray investigation was announced in March 2021,[10] and published its report on 3 November 2021.[4]
References
edit- ^ Tghat, 12 March 2021. The Bora Massacre in southern Tigray by the Ethiopian army[self-published source]
- ^ a b c d e Los Angeles Times, 19 March, 2021. In an out-of-sight war, a massacre comes to light
- ^ a b c d e Annys, S., Vanden Bempt, T., Negash, E., De Sloover, L., Nyssen, J., 2021. Tigray: Atlas of the humanitarian situation[self-published source]
- ^ a b c d Tibebu, Israel (2021-11-03). "Report of the EHRC/OHCHR Joint Investigation into Alleged Violations of International Human Rights, Humanitarian and Refugee Law Committed by all Parties to the Conflict in the Tigray Region of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia" (PDF). EHRC, OHCHR. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-11-03. Retrieved 2021-11-03.
- ^ TGHAT, A compilation of the verified list of civilian victims from different sources[self-published source]
- ^ The World radio (2 April 2021): Counting the victims in Tigray
- ^ EuroNews, 2 April 2021 – See film embedded in the news item: G7 'seriously concerned' about human rights violations in Ethiopia's Tigray region
- ^ CBC, 2 April 2021: As It Happens: The Friday Edition (from 28:00 to 35:30) Tigray, Ethiopia Massacre
- ^ The Guardian, 2 April 2021: Ethiopia: 1,900 people killed in massacres in Tigray identified
- ^ France24, 18 March 2021: UN rights chief agrees to joint Tigray probe