The Bom, Bawm or Bawmzo (Bengali: বম), are an ethnic community inhabiting the Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh. According to the 2022 Bangladeshi census the population of Bawms in Bangladesh is 13,193.[3] In 2004, around 10,000 Bawm inhabited India[citation needed]. 2,500 Bawms reside in Myanmar.[4] They speak the Sino-Tibetan Bawm language.
Bawmzo | |
|---|---|
 Bawm woman from the Chittagong Hill Tracts | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
 Bangladesh | 13,193[1] |
 India | 5,000 [citation needed] |
 Myanmar | 2,500[2] |
| Languages | |
| Bawm, Chittagonian, Bengali | |
| Religion | |
| Protestant Christianity | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Hmar · Chin · Kuki · Mizo | |
The Bawm are victims in the Chittagong Hill Tracts conflict, especially in the continuation of it. Bawms are targeted by the Bangla Desh army as well as by the Kuki-Chin National Front,[5]
History
editThe origin of Bawm is traced to the founding of a village called Tiphul in Chin State[6]
Bawm people were among the earlier settlers in the Lushai Hills, along with Tlanglau, Khiang and Chawrai. These groups of people entered Lushai Hills through an area south of Lunglei, passing through Tlabung, and entered an area what would later become Chittagong Hills Tracts of Bangladesh. The period of this migration and a possible brief halt in Lushai Hills is to be roughly between A.D. 900–1500. Though the reason of migration from the Chin Hills to Bangladesh is unknown, the Bawm and other groups of people could have left Myanmar due to pressure from stronger tribal forces.[7]
Geographical distribution
editBawms live in 70 villages of Ruma Upazila, Thanchi Upazila, Rwoangcchari Upazila and Bandarban Sadar Upazila of Bandarban district.[8] The tribe's literacy was 80% in 1988[9]
References
edit- ^ "Table 1.4 Ethnic Population by Group and Sex" (PDF). Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. 2021. p. 33. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 March 2023. Retrieved 22 November 2022.
- ^ Kim, Roy & Sangma. 2011. The Kuki-Chin Communities of Bangladesh: A sociolinguistic survey. SIL International.
- ^ "Table 1.4 Ethnic Population by Group and Sex" (PDF). Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. 2021. p. 33. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 March 2023. Retrieved 22 November 2022.
- ^ Kim, Roy & Sangma. 2011. The Kuki-Chin Communities of Bangladesh: A sociolinguistic survey. SIL International.
- ^ According to the prayer list of AKREF, a working group of the German Evangelical Alliance, from May 16th, 2024 (archived).
- ^ "A Brief Historical Account of the Bawm (Bwmzo)" (PDF).
- ^ "A Brief Historical Account of the Bawm (Bwmzo)" (PDF).
- ^ "Bawm, the - Banglapedia".
- ^ "A Brief Historical Account of the Bawm (Bwmzo)" (PDF).
Loncheu, Nathan (2013). Dena, Lal (ed.). Bawmzos: A Study Of The Chin-Kuki-Zo Tribes Of Chittagong. Akansha Publishing House. ISBN 9788183703468. Retrieved 17 March 2013.