Birda (Hungarian and German: Birda) is a commune in Timiș County, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Berecuța, Birda (commune seat), Mânăstire and Sângeorge.

Birda
St. George Monastery in Mânăstire
St. George Monastery in Mânăstire
Coat of arms of Birda
Location in Timiș County
Location in Timiș County
Birda is located in Romania
Birda
Birda
Location in Romania
Coordinates: 45°25′45″N 21°20′20″E / 45.42917°N 21.33889°E / 45.42917; 21.33889
CountryRomania
CountyTimiș
Government
 • Mayor (2020–2024) Marius Stoian[1] (PSD)
Area68.67 km2 (26.51 sq mi)
Population
 (2021-12-01)[3]
1,819
 • Density26/km2 (69/sq mi)
Time zoneEET/EEST (UTC+2/+3)
Postal code
307186–307192
Vehicle reg.TM
Websitewww.birda.ro

Geography

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Birda is located in the southeastern part of Timiș County, bordering the town of Gătaia and the communes of Tormac, Voiteg, Opatița and Denta.

Climate

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The climate is temperate continental, having an intermediate character between the continental, Mediterranean and oceanic climates.[4] Winters are relatively mild, summers are long and hot, springs and autumns are short. The average annual temperature is 10.6 °C (51.1 °F), and the average annual rainfall is 600–700 mm (24–28 in), ensuring very good conditions for plant cultivation and animal husbandry.[4]

History

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The first recorded mention of Birda dates from 1690, from Marsigli's notes. It is probably much older and inhabited during the Turkish occupation. By 1717 Birda is recorded in the Habsburg imperial documents with 80 houses; Berecuța with 28 houses; and Sângeorge with 30 houses.[5] After 1779, it belonged to Temes County, Plasa Deta, with a post office and later a train station.[4] In 1828, the Aerarium sold Birda to the Termacici family.[5] By 1842 it had become the property of Baron Lo Presti.[5] In 1852 it came into the possession of Baron Ukermann's wife.[5] Until the end of the 19th century, Birda was inhabited only by Romanians, but at that time, the great owners settled German and Hungarian families here to cultivate their estates.

The commune of Birda was established by Law 84/2004, separating from the town of Gătaia.[6]

Demographics

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Ethnic composition (2011)[7]

  Romanians (86.62%)
  Serbs (3.47%)
  Ukrainians (1.52%)
  Hungarians (1.14%)
  Unknown (5.36%)
  Others (1.89%)

Religious composition (2011)[8]

  Orthodox (85.1%)
  Pentecostals (3.74%)
  Serbian Orthodox (2.65%)
  Roman Catholics (1.46%)
  Unknown (5.31%)
  Others (1.74%)

Birda had a population of 1,846 inhabitants at the 2011 census, down 5% from the 2002 census. Most inhabitants are Romanians (86.62%), larger minorities being represented by Serbs (3.47%), Ukrainians (1.52%) and Hungarians (1.14%). For 5.36% of the population, ethnicity is unknown.[7] By religion, most inhabitants are Orthodox (85.1%), but there are also minorities of Pentecostals (3.74%), Serbian Orthodox (2.65%) and Roman Catholics (1.46%). For 5.31% of the population, religious affiliation is unknown.[8]

Census[9] Ethnic composition
Year Population Romanians Hungarians Germans Ukrainians Serbs
1880 1,986 918 127 437 477
1890 2,277 978 173 558 538
1900 2,515 1,197 166 577 568
1910 2,665 1,011 214 611 807
1920 2,357 1,015 38 724
1930 2,822 1,344 40 812 610
1941 2,639 1,231 16 758
1956 2,291
1966 2,176 1,295 33 507 336
1977 2,164 1,316 23 509 257
1992 2,061 1,746 16 57 48 136
2002 1,948 1,726 19 20 43 74
2011 1,846 1,599 21 17 28 64

References

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  1. ^ "Results of the 2020 local elections". Central Electoral Bureau. Retrieved 16 June 2021.
  2. ^ "Primăria Birda". Ghidul Primăriilor.
  3. ^ "Populaţia rezidentă după grupa de vârstă, pe județe și municipii, orașe, comune, la 1 decembrie 2021" (XLS). National Institute of Statistics.
  4. ^ a b c "Informații generale". Primăria comunei Birda.
  5. ^ a b c d "Fișa Primăriei comunei Birda". Consiliul Județean Timiș.
  6. ^ "Lege nr. 84 din 5 aprilie 2004 pentru înființarea unor comune". Portal Legislativ.
  7. ^ a b "Tab8. Populația stabilă după etnie – județe, municipii, orașe, comune". Institutul Național de Statistică. Archived from the original on 2016-01-18. Retrieved 2017-08-04.
  8. ^ a b "Tab13. Populația stabilă după religie – județe, municipii, orașe, comune". Institutul Național de Statistică. Archived from the original on 2020-08-07. Retrieved 2021-09-08.
  9. ^ Varga, E. Árpád. "Temes megye településeinek etnikai (anyanyelvi/nemzetiségi) adatai 1880-2002" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-06-10. Retrieved 2021-09-08.