Biharia (Hungarian: Bihar) is a commune in Bihor County, Crișana, Romania. It is composed of two villages, Biharia and Cauaceu (Hegyközkovácsi).
Biharia
Bihar | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Catholic Church in Biharia | |
 Coat of arms | |
 Location in Bihor County | |
  Biharia Location in Romania | |
| Coordinates: 47°9′13″N 21°55′18″E / 47.15361°N 21.92167°E | |
| Country | Romania |
| County | Bihor |
| Government | |
| • Mayor (2020–2024) | Zoltan Szilagyi[1] (UDMR) |
| Area | 58.50 km2 (22.59 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 119 m (390 ft) |
| Population (2021-12-01)[2] | 4,393 |
| • Density | 75/km2 (190/sq mi) |
| Time zone | EET/EEST (UTC+2/+3) |
| Postal code | 417050 |
| Area code | +(40) 259 |
| Vehicle reg. | BH |
| Website | comunabiharia |
History
editThe village is first mentioned in 1067[citation needed] as Byhor, later as Bychor in 1213[citation needed], as Bihar in 1332,[citation needed] and again, in 1349 as Byhor.[citation needed] The Gesta Hungarorum, which is believed to have been written around the time of King Béla III of Hungary (1172–1196),[3] mentions that Duke Árpád (born 845) sent envoys to a castle called Bychor, to Duke Menumorout.[4]
Biharia has a complex political history, with periods of the Kingdom of Hungary, Eastern Hungarian Kingdom, and the Principality of Transylvania. With the breakup of Austria-Hungary at the end of World War I and the ensuing Hungarian–Romanian War, the Romanian Army entered the village, and after Treaty of Trianon of 1920, Biharia became part of the Kingdom of Romania. During the interwar period, it became part of plasa Centrală, in Bihor County. In the wake of the Second Vienna Award of August 30, 1940, the territory of Northern Transylvania (of which the town of Biharia was part) reverted to the Kingdom of Hungary. Towards the end of World War II, the town was taken back from Hungarian and German troops by Romanian and Soviet forces in October 1944, during the initial stages of the Battle of Debrecen.
Following the administrative reform of 1950, the commune became fell in Oradea Raion, within Bihor Region (renamed Oradea Region in 1952 and Crișana Region in 1960). In 1968, the old territorial division into județe was reinstituted, and Biharia reverted to being part of Bihor County.
Demographics
edit| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1880 | 5,248 | — |
| 1890 | 5,909 | +12.6% |
| 1900 | 6,382 | +8.0% |
| 1910 | 6,533 | +2.4% |
| 1920 | 7,144 | +9.4% |
| 1930 | 6,741 | −5.6% |
| 1941 | 6,804 | +0.9% |
| 1956 | 6,934 | +1.9% |
| 1966 | 7,039 | +1.5% |
| 1977 | 6,962 | −1.1% |
| 1992 | 5,668 | −18.6% |
| 2002 | 5,870 | +3.6% |
| 2011 | 4,205 | −28.4% |
| 2021 | 4,393 | +4.5% |
| Source: Census data | ||
At the 2011 census, the commune had 4,205 inhabitants, of whom 85.87% were Hungarians, 12.12% Romanians, and 1.73% Roma.[5] At the 2021 census, Biharia had a population of 4,393; of those, 74.37% were Hungarians, 17.94% Romanians, and 1.18% Roma.[6]
Sights
edit- Biharia Citadel built in the 9th century, historic monument[7]
References
edit- ^ "Results of the 2020 local elections". Central Electoral Bureau. Retrieved 9 June 2021.
- ^ "Populaţia rezidentă după grupa de vârstă, pe județe și municipii, orașe, comune, la 1 decembrie 2021" (XLS). National Institute of Statistics.
- ^ Anonymus, Notary of King Béla: The Deeds of the Hungarians (Edited, Translated and Annotated by Martyn Rady and László Veszprémy) (2010). In: Rady, Martyn; Veszprémy, László; Bak, János M. (2010); Anonymus and Master Roger; CEU Press; ISBN 978-963-9776-95-1
- ^ "Gesta Hungarorum". remacle.org. Retrieved 2021-02-26.
- ^ "Structura Etno-demografică a României".
- ^ "Populația rezidentă după grupa de vârstă, pe județe și municipii, orașe, comune, la 1 decembrie 2021" (in Romanian). INSSE. 31 May 2023.
- ^ scribd.com - Cetatea Bihariei, județul Bihor; retrieved on June 30, 2012 (in Romanian)
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