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Alija Sirotanović (14 August 1914 – 16 May 1990) was a Yugoslav miner, Hero of Socialist Labour and perhaps the most famous of all Yugoslav udarniks. He was held up by the Communist Party of Yugoslavia to be a model of a hard-worker in the former Yugoslavia.
Alija Sirotanović | |
|---|---|
 Sirotanović on the 20,000 Yugoslav dinar banknote issued in 1987 | |
| Born | 14 August 1914 |
| Died | 16 May 1990 (aged 75) |
Early life and family edit
Alija Sirotanović, a Bosniak, was born in Orahovo, a village in central Bosnia near the town of Breza, and grew up in Trtorići, another nearby village. He was born in 1914, while Bosnia and Herzegovina was a part of Austria-Hungary. He had six brothers and two sisters, all of whom were miners. One of his brothers, Ahmed, died in a mining disaster in 1970.
Mining record and fame edit
Sirotanović worked in the coal mine in Breza. In 1947 Sirotanović set a record in coal extracting.[1] On 24 July 1949, Sirotanović participated in an inter-mine competition at the mine at Kreka.[2] He and his eight-man crew mined in an 8-hour shift 128 carloads of brown coal,[3] that is, 152 tons of coal in a single shift,[4] some 40 tonnes more than the first record of Soviet 'hero of labour' Alexey Stakhanov,[5] although this is in dispute.[6] The achievements of the Yugoslav miners were published on news front pages for weeks.[2] In September 1949, the first "formal meeting of the initiators of the movement for high productivity" (svečani sastanak inicijatora pokreta za visoku produktivnost) was held, in which famous productive working record-holders participated, such as Alija Sirotanović, Nikola Skobić, Risto Mijatović, Antun Bičić, Alojz Petek, and others.[7]
As there was a Soviet–Yugoslav rift at the time of the contest, his accomplishment was widely praised and publicised by the Communist Party of Yugoslavia. Josip Broz Tito is said to have offered to fulfill any wish Sirotanović had, but all Sirotanović is reported to have requested was a bigger shovel.[4] Tito granted his wish, and the larger shovel that was designed for him was later named after him: Sirotanovićka. He was offered an appartement in Breza, but he refused and decided to stay in his house in Trtorići.[4] The meeting between Sirotanović and leading politician Svetozar Vukmanović was televised.[8]
Sirotanović tried to enter politics, but was unsuccessful.[1] He was a member of the federal parliament for one term.[1] He was retired with pension for merits.[1] He was made an honorable member of the Union of Associations of Engineers and Technicians of Yugoslavia.[9]
Legacy edit
He was held up by the Communist Party of Yugoslavia to be a model of a hard-worker.[10]
In 1987, Zabranjeno Pušenje recorded a song titled "Srce, ruke i lopata" (Heart, Hands and Shovel), paying tribute to "Comrade Avdija", the model of a hard working, modest man.[citation needed]
Banknote edit
He was pictured on the 20,000-Yugoslav dinar banknote, but was often wrongly claimed to be pictured on the 10-dinar banknote. Despite the obvious similarities, the 10-dinar banknote and its 1000-old-dinar predecessor with the same design are older (1955) and showed Arif Heralić, a metal worker working on a blast furnace in Zenica. The newer 20,000-dinar banknote was brought out on May Day in 1987.
References edit
- ^ a b c d Momčilo Mitrović (1995). Sarajevska raskršća: dnevnik i kazivanja izbeglica. Novinsko-izdavačka ustanova "Vojska". pp. 42–44.
- ^ a b Vladimir Unkovski-Korica (24 August 2016). The Economic Struggle for Power in Tito's Yugoslavia: From World War II to Non-Alignment. I.B.Tauris. pp. 111–. ISBN 978-1-78672-031-3.
- ^ United States. Bureau of Labor Statistics (1949). Notes on Labor Abroad. p. 41.
- ^ a b c BHT episode about Alija Sirotanović on YouTube
- ^ Tito--partija. Spektar. 1979. p. 65.
- ^ "Sergej lo stakhanovista che supera Stakhanov" (in Italian). 13 August 2010.
- ^ Stipe Tonković (1984). Sindikati u socijalističkoj Jugoslaviji. Vijeće Saveza sindikata Hrvatske. p. 45.
- ^ JPRS Report: East Europe. Foreign Broadcast Information Service. 1989. p. 40.
- ^ Steve Ostojić (1965). Dnevnik socijalizma. Stvarnost. p. 532.
- ^ "Legenda o Aliji Sirotanoviću još uvijek živi: Druže Tito, dajte mi veću lopatu". Krajina. 13 May 2013. Archived from the original on 9 June 2013. Retrieved 15 May 2013.