ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿUthmān ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Rabīʿa al-Thaqafī (Arabic: عبد الرحمن بن عبد الله بن عثمان بن عبد الله بن ربيعة الثقفي), called Ibn Umm al-Ḥakam (Arabic: إبن أم الحكم), was a governor and military leader in the early Umayyad Caliphate. He was a nephew of the Caliph Muʿāwiya I through the latter's sister, Umm al-Ḥakam, and her Thaqafī husband.[1]
ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Umm al-Ḥakam al-Thaqafī | |
|---|---|
عبد الرحمن بن عبد الله بن عثمان بن عبد الله بن ربيعة الثقفي | |
| Umayyad governor of Kufa | |
| In office 678–679 | |
| Monarch | Muʿāwiya I |
| Preceded by | al-Ḍaḥḥak ibn Qays |
| Succeeded by | al-Nuʿmān ibn Bashīr |
| Personal details | |
| Children | Al-Ḥurr ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Thaqafī |
| Parent(s) | ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿUthmān al-Thaqafi (father) Umm al-Ḥakam bint Abī Sufyān (mother) |
According to al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Umm al-Ḥakam campaigned in Byzantine territory in 673.[2] In 678, his uncle appointed him governor of Kūfa in place of al-Ḍaḥḥak ibn Qays. According to Ibn Khayyāt, however, this took place a year earlier. According to al-Ṭabarī, he governed for two years. He dealt with a Kharijite rebellion, but his rule was considered oppressive and he was forced out by the Kūfans.[3] In 679, he was replaced by al-Nuʿmān ibn Bashīr.[4]
Having been ousted from Kūfa, Ibn Umm al-Ḥakam was appointed governor of Egypt by his uncle. According to al-Ṭabarī, he was prevented from taking up his office by Muʿāwiya ibn Ḥudayj al-Sakūnī, who reportedly said, "by my life, you shall not treat us the way you treated our Kūfan brothers".[3] This story is also found in Ibn Taghrībardī and Ibn al-Athīr, but it al-Sakūnī is known to have died in 672. The cause of the discrepancy in the accounts is unclear.[5]
According to al-Balādhurī, Ibn Umm al-Ḥakam also served as governor of the Jazīra and Mosul. The Caliph ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Marwān (685–705) appointed him governor of Damascus.[6]
The prominent Andalusian leaders Tammām ibn ʿAlḳama al-Thaqafī and Tammām ibn ʿAlḳama al-Wazīr were descended from a mawlā (freedman) of Ibn Umm al-Ḥakam and took their nisba from him.[7]
Notes edit
- ^ Morony 1987, pp. 192–193.
- ^ Morony 1987, p. 166.
- ^ a b Morony 1987, pp. 192–196.
- ^ Morony 1987, p. 199.
- ^ Pellat 1993.
- ^ Crone 1980, pp. 124–125.
- ^ James 2012, pp. 26–27.
Bibliography edit
- Crone, Patricia (1980). Slaves on Horses: The Evolution of the Islamic Polity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-52940-9.
- James, David, ed. (2012). A History of Early al-Andalus: The Akhbār majmūʿa: A Study of the Unique Arabic Manuscript in the Bibliothèque Nationale de France, Paris, with a Translation, Notes and Comments. London and New York: Routledge.
- Morony, Michael G., ed. (1987). The History of al-Ṭabarī, Volume XVIII: Between Civil Wars: The Caliphate of Muʿāwiyah, 661–680 A.D./A.H. 40–60. SUNY Series in Near Eastern Studies. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press. ISBN 978-0-87395-933-9.
- Pellat, Charles (1993). "Muʿāwiya b. Ḥudaydj". In Bosworth, C. E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W. P. & Pellat, Ch. (eds.). The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Volume VII: Mif–Naz. Leiden: E. J. Brill. p. 269. ISBN 978-90-04-09419-2.