DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3H, also known as Apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like 3H or APOBEC-related protein 10, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APOBEC3H gene.[3]

APOBEC3H
Identifiers
AliasesAPOBEC3H, A3H, ARP-10, ARP10, apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic subunit 3H
External IDsOMIM: 610976; HomoloGene: 52306; GeneCards: APOBEC3H; OMA:APOBEC3H - orthologs
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_001166002
NM_001166003
NM_001166004
NM_181773

n/a

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001159474
NP_001159475
NP_001159476
NP_861438

n/a

Location (UCSC)Chr 22: 39.1 – 39.1 Mbn/a
PubMed search[2]n/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Function

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This gene encodes a member of the apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide (APOBEC) family of proteins. The encoded protein is a cytidine deaminase that has antiretroviral activity by generating lethal hypermutations in viral genomes. Polymorphisms and alternative splicing in this gene influence its antiretroviral activity and are associated with increased resistance to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in certain populations. There are only one to two members of this family of genes in nonprimate mammals but at least seven members in primates. APOBEC3H is an antiviral effector. In Old world monkeys APOBEC3H has efficient antiviral activity against primate lentiviruses and it is sensitive to inactivation by the simian immunodeficiency virus Vif protein, and is capable of hypermutating retroviral genomes. The typical human APOBEC3H gene is inherently poorly expressed in primate cells and is ineffective at inhibiting retroviral replication.[4] Importantly, different people have different strengths and potencies of APOBEC3H. People with version of the gene for APOBEC3H which produce stable variations of the protein can successfully limit HIV-1's ability to replicate.[5]

References

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  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000100298Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  3. ^ "Entrez Gene: apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme".
  4. ^ OhAinle M, Kerns JA, Malik HS, Emerman M (April 2006). "Adaptive evolution and antiviral activity of the conserved mammalian cytidine deaminase APOBEC3H". Journal of Virology. 80 (8): 3853–62. doi:10.1128/JVI.80.8.3853-3862.2006. PMC 1440450. PMID 16571802.
  5. ^ Refsland EW, Hultquist JF, Luengas EM, Ikeda T, Shaban NM, Law EK, et al. (November 2014). "Natural polymorphisms in human APOBEC3H and HIV-1 Vif combine in primary T lymphocytes to affect viral G-to-A mutation levels and infectivity". PLOS Genetics. 10 (11): e1004761. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1004761. PMC 4238949. PMID 25411794.

Further reading

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