ADK (gene)

Adenosine kinase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ADK gene.

ADK
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1BX4, 2I6A, 2I6B, 4O1L
Identifiers
Aliases	ADK, Adk, 2310026J05Rik, 5033405D03Rik, AI255373, AI987814, Ak, adenosine kinase
External IDs	OMIM: 102750; MGI: 87930; HomoloGene: 4891; GeneCards: ADK; OMA:ADK - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 10 (human) Band 10q22.2|10q11-q24 Start 74,151,202 bp End 74,709,963 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 14 (mouse) Band 14|14 A3 Start 21,102,642 bp End 21,498,637 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in cartilage tissue liver right lobe of liver Achilles tendon oral cavity gums mucosa of esophagus islet of Langerhans ventricular zone gingival epithelium Top expressed in left lobe of liver intercostal muscle deep cerebellar nuclei myocardium of ventricle left lung lobe gallbladder pontine nuclei right lung lobe digastric muscle soleus muscle More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function transferase activity nucleotide binding metal ion binding kinase activity phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor ATP binding adenosine kinase activity carbohydrate kinase activity RNA binding Cellular component nucleoplasm nucleus cytoplasm cytosol Biological process purine ribonucleoside salvage phosphorylation purine-containing compound salvage ribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process AMP salvage dATP biosynthetic process adenosine salvage carbohydrate phosphorylation Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 132 11534 Ensembl ENSG00000156110 ENSMUSG00000039197 UniProt P55263 P55264 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001123 NM_001202449 NM_001202450 NM_006721 NM_001369123 NM_001369124 NM_001243041 NM_134079 RefSeq (protein) NP_001114 NP_001189378 NP_001189379 NP_006712 NP_001229970 NP_598840 Location (UCSC) Chr 10: 74.15 – 74.71 Mb Chr 14: 21.1 – 21.5 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Function

This gene encodes adenosine kinase, an abundant enzyme in mammalian tissues. The enzyme catalyzes the transfer of the gamma-phosphate from ATP to adenosine, thereby serving as a regulator of concentrations of both extracellular adenosine and intracellular adenine nucleotides. Adenosine has widespread effects on the cardiovascular, nervous, respiratory, and immune systems and inhibitors of the enzyme could play an important pharmacological role in increasing intravascular adenosine concentrations and acting as anti-inflammatory agents. Alternative splicing results in two transcript variants encoding different isoforms. Both isoforms of the enzyme phosphorylate adenosine with identical kinetics and both require Mg²⁺ for activity.

External links

• Human ADK genome location and ADK gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.

Further reading

• Klobutcher LA, Nichols EA, Kucherlapati RS, Ruddle FH (1976). "Assignment of the gene for human adenosine kinase to chromosome 10 using a somatic cell hybrid clone panel". Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 16 (1–5): 171–4. doi:10.1159/000130582. PMID 185014.
• Singh B, Hao W, Wu Z, et al. (1996). "Cloning and characterization of cDNA for adenosine kinase from mammalian (Chinese hamster, mouse, human and rat) species. High frequency mutants of Chinese hamster ovary cells involve structural alterations in the gene". Eur. J. Biochem. 241 (2): 564–71. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1995.tb20220.x_1. PMID 8917457.
• McNally T, Helfrich RJ, Cowart M, et al. (1997). "Cloning and expression of the adenosine kinase gene from rat and human tissues". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 231 (3): 645–50. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.6157. PMID 9070863.
• Mathews II, Erion MD, Ealick SE (1998). "Structure of human adenosine kinase at 1.5 A resolution". Biochemistry. 37 (45): 15607–20. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.499.8430. doi:10.1021/bi9815445. PMID 9843365.
• Van Rompay AR, Johansson M, Karlsson A (1999). "Identification of a novel human adenylate kinase. cDNA cloning, expression analysis, chromosome localization and characterization of the recombinant protein". Eur. J. Biochem. 261 (2): 509–17. doi:10.1046/j.1432-1327.1999.00294.x. PMID 10215863.
• Singh B, Lin A, Wu ZC, Gupta RS (2001). "Gene structure for adenosine kinase in Chinese hamster and human: high-frequency mutants of CHO cells involve deletions of several introns and exons". DNA Cell Biol. 20 (1): 53–65. doi:10.1089/10445490150504693. PMID 11242543.
• Maguire PB, Wynne KJ, Harney DF, et al. (2003). "Identification of the phosphotyrosine proteome from thrombin activated platelets". Proteomics. 2 (6): 642–8. doi:10.1002/1615-9861(200206)2:6<642::AID-PROT642>3.0.CO;2-I. PMID 12112843. S2CID 22665513.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Szkotak AJ, Ng AM, Man SF, et al. (2003). "Coupling of CFTR-mediated anion secretion to nucleoside transporters and adenosine homeostasis in Calu-3 cells". J. Membr. Biol. 192 (3): 169–79. doi:10.1007/s00232-002-1073-x. PMID 12820662. S2CID 23060872.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.