Ribosomes are cellular macromolecules that catalyzeprotein synthesis across all kingdoms of life. The eukaryotic ribosome consists of a small 40S subunit and a large 60S subunit. Together these subunits are composed of 4 RNA species and approximately 80 distinct proteins. The RPS25 gene encodes the eukaryote-specific ribosomal protein eS25 that is a component of the 40S subunit. As is typical for genes encoding ribosomal proteins, there are multiple processed pseudogenes of this gene dispersed through the genome.[6]
Besides the interactions that position eS25 at its location in the E site region of the 40S ribosomal subunit, eS25 has been suggested to interact with other cellular proteins. One study has found that eS25 interacts with MDM2 as part of a regulatory feedback loop that stabilizes p53.[7] Additionally, eS25 has been shown to interact with CDC5L.[8]
As a ribosomal protein, eS25 likely plays a role in general protein synthesis; however, the RPS25 gene is non-essential for cellular viability in budding yeast and in select mammalian cell lines, implying that it is not essential for eukaryotic protein synthesis.[9][10] Studies have implicated eS25 in the control of several specialized forms of translation, including that mediated by viral IRESs.[11][12]
^"Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^"Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^Li ML, Latoud C, Center MS (November 1991). "Cloning and sequencing a cDNA encoding human ribosomal protein S25". Gene. 107 (2): 329–33. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(91)90335-9. PMID1748303.
Kato S, Sekine S, Oh SW, Kim NS, Umezawa Y, Abe N, et al. (December 1994). "Construction of a human full-length cDNA bank". Gene. 150 (2): 243–50. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90433-2. PMID7821789.
Imai T, Sudo K, Miwa T (March 1994). "Assignment of the human ribosomal protein S25 gene (RPS25) to chromosome 11q23.3 by sequence analysis of the marker D11S456". Genomics. 20 (1): 142–3. doi:10.1006/geno.1994.1145. PMID8020948.
Miwa T, Sudo K, Nakamura Y, Imai T (July 1993). "Fifty sequenced-tagged sites on human chromosome 11". Genomics. 17 (1): 211–4. doi:10.1006/geno.1993.1304. PMID8406452.
Kubota S, Copeland TD, Pomerantz RJ (February 1999). "Nuclear and nucleolar targeting of human ribosomal protein S25: common features shared with HIV-1 regulatory proteins". Oncogene. 18 (7): 1503–14. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1202429. PMID10050887. S2CID25682899.
