The 27th Rifle Division (Russian: 27-я стрелковая дивизия) was a tactical unit in the Red Army of Soviet Russia and then the Soviet Union, active between 1918 and 1945. First formed during the Russian Civil War on November 3, 1918, as part of 5th Red Army. Commanded by Vitovt Putna, it was transferred to the 16th Red Army in 1920,[1] and took part in the Polish–Soviet War. Defeated in the battles of Radzymin and Ossów (collectively known as the Battle of Warsaw), it practically ceased to exist.
| 27th Rifle Division | |
|---|---|
| Active | I Formation: 1918–1941 II Formation: 1941–1945 |
| Country |  Soviet Union |
| Branch | .svg){kind=small} Red Army |
| Type | Infantry division |
| Engagements | Russian Civil War |
| Decorations | Honorary Revolutionary Red Banner (2) (1st formation) Order of the Red Banner (2nd formation) |
| Battle honours | Omsk (1st formation) Named for the Italian Proletariat (1st formation) |
| Commanders | |
| Notable commanders | Vitovt Putna Kuzma Podlas |
| External image | |
|---|---|
| 27th Rifle Division | |
 27th Rifle Division in 1920 |
Reformed in Russia, it returned to Poland in 1939 and took part in the Soviet invasion of Poland as part of the 3rd Army's 4th Rifle Corps,[2] reaching Parafianów and the line of Serwecz River on September 18, 1939. It was then stationed in Soviet-occupied Poland with its headquarters in Suchowola and regiments stationed in Augustów, Grajewo and Suchowola. By 2 October 1939, the division had been subordinated to the 16th Rifle Corps of the 11th Army.[3]
On 22 June 1941, the division was again part of 4th Rifle Corps, 3rd Army (Soviet Union), itself part of the Western Special Military District which quickly became the Western Front, under the command of Major General Aleksandr Stepanov. During Operation Barbarossa, the division was attacked by the German 256th and 162nd Infantry Divisions. Its regiments fought separately and retreated eastwards, towards Sokółka. By June 24 the division lost 40% of its soldiers and the following day unsuccessfully tried to defend the Swisłocz river line. In accordance with orders, it defended the line until the end of the day when it was annihilated. Only small groups of soldiers from the division reached Soviet lines in July and early August. The division was officially disbanded on September 19, 1941.
The second formation of the division was recreated August 1941 at Arkhangelsk, (renamed from Rebolsky Direction Division on September 24, 1941) and the division subsequently fought against the Finnish Army.[4] The division was subordinated to the 26th Army of the Karelian Front in May 1942, and was deployed in the far north of Russia until the end of 1944.[5] It was awarded the Order of the Red Banner on 5 April for its actions in the capture of Stolp.[6] The unit completed the war with the 19th Army of the 2nd Belorussian Front in May 1945.
| Date assigned | Rifle Corps | Army | Front (or reserve) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jun 1941 | 4th | 3rd | Western |
| Sep 1941[7] | - | 7th | Karelian |
| Oct 1941 | - | Kem Op. Group | Karelian |
| May 1942 | - | 26th | Karelian |
| Apr 1944 | - | 32nd | Karelian |
| Sep 1944 | 127th Light | 32nd | Karelian |
| Oct 1944 | 132nd | 26th | Karelian |
| Dec 1944 | 132nd | 19th | Reserve |
| Feb 1945 | 132nd | 19th | 2nd Belorussian |
Postwar, the division was stationed in Poland near Gdynia with the Northern Group of Forces and disbanded in the summer of 1945.[8]
References
editCitations
edit- ^ Гражданская война [Civil War]. samsv.narod.ru (in Russian). Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 10 September 2016.
- ^ Meltyukhov 2001, p. 299 (Table 27).
- ^ Meltyukhov 2001, p. 350 (Table 29).
- ^ 27-я стрелковая дивизия [27th Rifle Division]. samsv.narod.ru (in Russian). Archived from the original on 2014-11-29. Retrieved 10 September 2016.
- ^ a b Combat composition of the Soviet Army
- ^ Affairs Directorate of the Ministry of Defense of the Soviet Union 1967, p. 89.
- ^ Designated as the "Rebolsky Division"
- ^ Feskov et al 2013, p. 146.
Bibliography
edit- Affairs Directorate of the Ministry of Defense of the Soviet Union (1967). Сборник приказов РВСР, РВС СССР, НКО и Указов Президиума Верховного Совета СССР о награждении орденами СССР частей, соединениий и учреждений ВС СССР. Часть II. 1945 – 1966 гг [Collection of orders of the RVSR, RVS USSR and NKO on awarding orders to units, formations and establishments of the Armed Forces of the USSR. Part II. 1945–1966] (PDF) (in Russian). Moscow. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-07-06. Retrieved 2019-07-31.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - (in Polish) Vladimir Beshanov, Czerwony Blitzkrieg, ISBN 978-83-926205-2-5.
- Feskov, V.I.; Golikov, V.I.; Kalashnikov, K.A.; Slugin, S.A. (2013). Вооруженные силы СССР после Второй Мировой войны: от Красной Армии к Советской [The Armed Forces of the USSR after World War II: From the Red Army to the Soviet: Part 1 Land Forces] (in Russian). Tomsk: Scientific and Technical Literature Publishing. ISBN 9785895035306.
- (in Russian) Various authors, S.S. Khromov (ed.), "Гражданская война и военная интервенция в СССР" in: Советская Энциклопедия. Moscow, 1983. p. 704
- (in Polish) Grzegorz Łukomski, Bogusław Polak, Mieczysław Wrzosek, Wojna polsko-bolszewicka 1919-1920. Koszalin, 1990
- Meltyukhov, Mikhail (2001). Советско-польские войны. Военно-политическое противостояние 1918-1939 гг. [Soviet-Polish War. Military-Political Confrontation 1918-1939] (in Russian). Moscow: Veche.
Further reading
edit- Fyodorov, P. (1928). Под красной звездой : боевая история 27-й Омской, краснознаменной им. Итальянского пролетариата, стрелковой дивизии [Under the Red Banner: The Combat History of the 27th Omsk Red Banner Italian Proleteriat Rifle Division] (in Russian) (2nd ed.). Moscow: Voengiz.