Wikipedia:Reference desk/Archives/Language/2014 November 29

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November 29

σύνοισθα

hey everbody,

I try to undrestand how σύνοιδα (1 pf act) become to σύνοισθα (2 pf act). I think it's a first perfect and the stem is ending with sigma: σύνοισ+ka =? σύνοιδα, but why σ+κ=δ?

I also don't undrstand how it can be that 2 pf is ending wiht θα and now θας

thanks, --132.64.30.38 (talk) 09:01, 29 November 2014 (UTC)

First, the basic verb is οιδα with συν prefix. Second, there is no κ anywhere in the declension of οιδα. Third, in dental + dental across a morpheme boundary, the first dental consonant commonly becomes σ in such forms, as can be seen in the inflections of the pluperfect mediopassive of some verbs (e.g. πεπειθ + ται becomes πεπεισται from πειθω). So οιδ + θα becoming οισθα is actually expected... AnonMoos (talk) 12:35, 29 November 2014 (UTC)

oh... οιδα - I didn't see that, thanks!!! --109.66.108.38 (talk) 13:39, 29 November 2014 (UTC)

For the sake of linking to our sister project, and because it shows the variety of inflection (four different initial vowels!): οἶδα (you have to click on "[show ▼]" in the two drop-downs titled "Perfect: οἶδᾰ" and "Pluperfect: ᾔδη/ᾔδειν" in order to see the declensions). ---Sluzzelin talk 15:34, 29 November 2014 (UTC)