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DRAFT IN PROGRESS

The Reformation in Scandinavia

WORKING NOTES

table test

Year	Lake name	Peak discharge (cubic-meter/sec)	Volume (cubic-meters)
Alsek	1850	30	4,500 x 106
Ape	1984	1600	84 x106
Tide	1800	5,000-10,000	1,100 x 106
Donjek	1810	4000-6000	234 x106
Summit	1967	2560	251 x106
Tulsequah	1958	1556	229 x106

Impacts on literature and records

"The Reformation was responsible for losses in all parts of Scandinavia. The only Swedish monastic library that was even partly preserved was Vadstena's; many of its manuscripts were given to Uppsala University."

"Accidental fires, medieval as well as modern, have also taken their toll of records and manuscripts. The early archives of Stockholm were lost when the town's Radhus burned in 1419, and many medieval records disappeared in the fires that destroyed Stockholm Castle in 1697 and Copenhagen University Library in 1728. Fortunately transcripts or excerpts of some archival materials were made in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries."

The context for the Reformation in Scandanavia

The Reformation in Norway

“The bishops were in effect the representatives of Norwegian identity, which was consequently seriously weakened by the Reformation. In 1536 the archbishop,...."

The Reformation in Denmark

“in both kingdoms (Denmark-Norway) the Reformation offered the opportunity to confiscate church wealth, which could be used to reward supporters, and also to lay claim to a ...”

“... compendium of it was produced in the fourteenth century, but no alternative version of early Danish history was produced before the Reformation. ...”

The Reformation in Sweden

“other landowners, townsmen, and miners that first appeared in a clearly recognizable form as the "Reformation Riksdag" held in 1527 at Vasteras. ... predecessors had created but rather owed more to the Reformation, which provided them with vast resources with which to reward friends and supporters, ...”

“... but which persisted in Iceland until the Reformation. Tithe created the need for parish boundaries, a connection that is reflected in the word used in ...” Page 111

“In 1085 Lund had nine; four were added after the see was made an archbishopric, and on the eve of the Reformation there were thirty-four.” Page 122

“Until the Reformation zealous bishops and church councils repeatedly demanded, but with little effect, that priests should be celibate, and many lower ...” ...“Canon law required a clerical blessing, but a marriage ceremony in church was not necessary until after the Reformation. In 1215 it was decided that a ...”