The devotional revolution was a period of Irish history between around 1850 and 1875 when the Catholic Church in Ireland was reformed, led by Cardinal-Archbishop Paul Cullen.
Background
edit- long-term degradation of church structure, population explosion --> famine
- Cullen arrives in 1850, appointed Archbishop of Armagh
In the year 1800, the Catholic population of Ireland was around 3.9 million people, with 26 bishops and 1,850 priests; the ratio of priests to faithful was roughly one to 2,100. By 1845 the Catholic population had risen to nearly 7 million, and for each priest there were around 3,000 faithful. The Catholic Church responded to this shortage by increasing the number of priests by 400 from 1840 to 1846, when the Great Famine started.[1]
The devastation of the Great Famine reduced the Catholic population by around 2 million by 1850.[1]
Devotional revolution (rename this section probably)
editHistoriography
editReferences
edit- ^ a b Larkin 1972, pp. 626–627
Bibliography
edit- Larkin, Emmet (June 1972). "The Devotional Revolution in Ireland, 1850-75". The American Historical Review. 77 (3): 625–652. doi:10.2307/1870344. JSTOR 1870344.
Sources
editmain sources
editLarkin's works
edit- Larkin, Emmet (1984). The Historical Dimensions of Irish Catholicism. Catholic University of America Press. ISBN 9780813205946.
- Larkin, Emmet (2006). The Pastoral Role of the Roman Catholic Church in Pre-famine Ireland, 1750-1850. Four Courts Press. ISBN 9780813214573. (no access)
- Larkin, Emmet (Spring 2014). "The Beginnings of the Devotional Revolution in Ireland: The Parish Mission Movement, 1825-1846". New Hibernia Review. 18 (1): 74–92. doi:10.1353/nhr.2014.0019. ISSN 1534-5815.
journals
edit- Barr, Colin (Winter 2020). "The Devotional Revolution in Greater Ireland". New Hibernia Review. 24 (4): 79–97. doi:10.1353/nhr.2020.0046. ISSN 1534-5815.
- Carroll, Michael P. (September 1995). "Rethinking Popular Catholicism in Pre-Famine Ireland". Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion. 34 (3): 354–365. doi:10.2307/1386884. JSTOR 1386884.
- Connolly, S. J. (2004). "The Moving Statue and the Turtle Dove: Approaches to the History of Irish Religion". Irish Economic & Social History. 31 (1): 1–22. doi:10.1177/033248930403100101. ISSN 2050-4918.
- Cooke, Colm (1980). "The Modern Irish Missionary Movement". Archivium Hibernicum. 35: 234–246. doi:10.2307/25487428. ISSN 0044-8745. JSTOR 25487428. (online-only access)
- Delay, Cara (2004). "The Devotional Revolution on the Local Level: Parish Life in Post-Famine Ireland". U.S. Catholic Historian. 22 (3): 41–60. JSTOR 25154919.
- Delay, Cara (2014). "'Language Which Will Move Their Hearts': Speaking Power, Performance, and the Lay-Clerical Relationship in Modern Catholic Ireland". Journal of British Studies. 53 (2): 426–452. doi:10.1017/jbr.2014.7. ISSN 1545-6986.
- Godson, Lisa (2016). "Charting the material culture of the 'Devotional Revolution': the Advertising Register of the Irish Catholic Directory, 1837–96". Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. 116C: 265–294. doi:10.1353/ria.2016.0006. ISSN 2009-0048.
- Godson, Lisa (October 2023). "Bodily-Material Culture Techniques in the Spaces of the Devotional Revolution". Journal of Victorian Culture. 28 (4): 613–621. doi:10.1093/jvcult/vcad009. ISSN 1750-0133.
- Henderson, Stuart (November 2019). "Religion and Development in Post-Famine Ireland". The Economic History Review. 72 (4): 1251–1285. doi:10.1111/ehr.12815. ISSN 1468-0289.
- Kanter, Douglas (Winter 2020). "The Devotional Revolution at Fifty". New Hibernia Review. 24 (4): 51–61. doi:10.1353/nhr.2020.0044. ISSN 1534-5815.
- McGrath, Thomas (1991). "The Tridentine Evolution of Modern Irish Catholicism, 1563–1962: A Re-examination of the 'Devotional Revolution' Thesis". Recusant History. 20 (4): 512–523. doi:10.1017/S0034193200005598. ISSN 2055-7981.
- McMahon, Timothy (May 2007). "Religion and Popular Culture in Nineteenth-Century Ireland". History Compass. 5 (3): 845–864. doi:10.1111/j.1478-0542.2007.00425.x. ISSN 1478-0542.
- Miller, David W. (1975). "Irish Catholicism and the Great Famine". Journal of Social History. 9 (1): 81–98. JSTOR 3786692.
- Murphy, James (Winter 2020). "Lazarists/Vincentians: Tridentine Reform and Parish Missions in Grand Siècle France and Cardinal Cullen's Ireland". New Hibernia Review. 24 (4): 62–78. doi:10.1353/nhr.2020.0045. ISSN 1534-5815.
- Newsinger, John (1995). "The Catholic Church in Nineteenth-Century Ireland". European History Quarterly. 25 (2): 247–267. doi:10.1177/026569149502500204. ISSN 1461-7110.
book chapters
edit- Roddy, Sarah (2024). "Catholic Ireland and the Devotional Revolution". In Ganiel, Gladys; Holmes, Andrew R. (eds.). The Oxford Handbook of Religion in Modern Ireland. Oxford University Press. pp. 36–52. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198868699.013.23. ISBN 9780191905162. - see references & suggested reading at end
whole books
edit- Barr, Colin (2020). Ireland's Empire: The Roman Catholic Church in the English-Speaking World, 1829-1914. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781107040922. (no access)
- Bowen, Desmond (1983). Paul Cardinal Cullen and the Shaping of Modern Irish Catholicism. Gill & Macmillan. ISBN 0889201366.
- Connolly, Sean (1982). Priests and People in Pre-Famine Ireland. Gill & Macmillan. ISBN 9780312644116.
- Inglis, Tom (1987). Moral Monopoly: The Catholic Church in Modern Irish Society. Gill & Macmillan. ISBN 0717114996.
- Keenan, Desmond J. (1983). The Catholic Church in Nineteenth-Century Ireland: A Sociological Study. Gill & Macmillan. ISBN 0717111962.
- Keogh, Dáire; McDonnell, Albert (2011). Cardinal Paul Cullen and his World. Four Courts Press. ISBN 1846822351. (no access)
women & gender
edit- Clarke, Brian (1993). "The Parish and the Hearth: Women's Confraternities and the Devotional Revolution". Piety and Nationalism: Lay Voluntary Associations and the Creation of an Irish-Catholic Community in Toronto, 1850-1895. McGill-Queen's University Press. pp. 62–96. doi:10.1515/9780773564367-007. ISBN 9780773564367.
- Delay, Cara (2019). Irish Women and the Creation of Modern Catholicism, 1850–1950. Manchester University Press. doi:10.7765/9781526136404. ISBN 9781526136404.
- Delay, Cara (Winter 2020). "Gender, Sexuality, and the Devotional Revolution in Ireland". New Hibernia Review. 24 (4): 98–121. doi:10.1353/nhr.2020.0047. ISSN 1534-5815.
- Delay, Cara (2018). "Holy Water and a Twig: Catholic Households and Women's Religious Authority in Modern Ireland". Journal of Family History. 43 (3): 302–319. doi:10.1177/0363199018763831. ISSN 1552-5473.
- Peckham Magray, Mary (1998). The Transforming Power of the Nuns: Women, Religion, and Cultural Change in Ireland, 1750-1900. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/oso/9780195112993.001.0001. ISBN 9780197717424.