- INFO: Beginning work on ACP5... {November 18, 2007 11:50:33 AM PST}
- AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 18, 2007 11:51:16 AM PST}
<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}
<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_ACP5_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 1war.
| PDB = {{PDB2|1war}}, {{PDB2|2bq8}}
| Name = Acid phosphatase 5, tartrate resistant
| HGNCid = 124
| Symbol = ACP5
| AltSymbols =; MGC117378; TRAP
| OMIM = 171640
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 37499
| MGIid = 87883
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_ACP5_204638_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003993 |text = acid phosphatase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005506 |text = iron ion binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016787 |text = hydrolase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0046872 |text = metal ion binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005764 |text = lysosome}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016021 |text = integral to membrane}}
| Process =
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 54
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000102575
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_001602
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_001611
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 19
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 11546506
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 11550801
| Hs_Uniprot = P13686
| Mm_EntrezGene = 11433
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000001348
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_007388
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_031414
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 9
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 21877422
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 21880531
| Mm_Uniprot = Q38RM9
}}
}}
'''Acid phosphatase 5, tartrate resistant''', also known as '''ACP5''', is a human [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: ACP5 acid phosphatase 5, tartrate resistant| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=54| accessdate = }}</ref>
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = Acid phosphatase 5 is an iron containing glycoprotein which catalyzes the conversion of orthophosphoric monoester to alcohol and orthophosphate. ACP5 is the most basic of the acid phosphatases and is the only form not inhibited by L(+)-tartrate.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: ACP5 acid phosphatase 5, tartrate resistant| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=54| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Igarashi Y, Lee MY, Matsuzaki S |title=Acid phosphatases as markers of bone metabolism. |journal=J. Chromatogr. B Analyt. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci. |volume=781 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 345-58 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12450668 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Hayman AR, Dryden AJ, Chambers TJ, Warburton MJ |title=Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase from human osteoclastomas is translated as a single polypeptide. |journal=Biochem. J. |volume=277 ( Pt 3) |issue= |pages= 631-4 |year= 1991 |pmid= 1872798 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Stepan JJ, Lau KH, Mohan S, ''et al.'' |title=Purification and N-terminal amino acid sequence of the tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase from human osteoclastoma: evidence for a single structure. |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=168 |issue= 2 |pages= 792-800 |year= 1990 |pmid= 2334436 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Lord DK, Cross NC, Bevilacqua MA, ''et al.'' |title=Type 5 acid phosphatase. Sequence, expression and chromosomal localization of a differentiation-associated protein of the human macrophage. |journal=Eur. J. Biochem. |volume=189 |issue= 2 |pages= 287-93 |year= 1990 |pmid= 2338077 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Allen BS, Ketcham CM, Roberts RM, ''et al.'' |title=Localization of the human type 5, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase gene by in situ hybridization. |journal=Genomics |volume=4 |issue= 4 |pages= 597-600 |year= 1989 |pmid= 2473026 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Stĕpán JJ, Lau KH, Mohan S, ''et al.'' |title=Purification and N-terminal sequence of two tartrate-resistant acid phosphatases type-5 from the hairy cell leukemia spleen. |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=165 |issue= 3 |pages= 1027-34 |year= 1990 |pmid= 2610679 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Hayman AR, Warburton MJ, Pringle JA, ''et al.'' |title=Purification and characterization of a tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase from human osteoclastomas. |journal=Biochem. J. |volume=261 |issue= 2 |pages= 601-9 |year= 1989 |pmid= 2775236 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Nemir M, DeVouge MW, Mukherjee BB |title=Normal rat kidney cells secrete both phosphorylated and nonphosphorylated forms of osteopontin showing different physiological properties. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=264 |issue= 30 |pages= 18202-8 |year= 1989 |pmid= 2808373 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Ketcham CM, Roberts RM, Simmen RC, Nick HS |title=Molecular cloning of the type 5, iron-containing, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase from human placenta. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=264 |issue= 1 |pages= 557-63 |year= 1989 |pmid= 2909539 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Maruyama K, Sugano S |title=Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides. |journal=Gene |volume=138 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 171-4 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8125298 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Leach RJ, Reus BE, Hundley JE, ''et al.'' |title=Confirmation of the assignment of the human tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase gene (ACP5) to chromosome 19. |journal=Genomics |volume=19 |issue= 1 |pages= 180-1 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8188227 |doi= 10.1006/geno.1994.1037 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Ek-Rylander B, Flores M, Wendel M, ''et al.'' |title=Dephosphorylation of osteopontin and bone sialoprotein by osteoclastic tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase. Modulation of osteoclast adhesion in vitro. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=269 |issue= 21 |pages= 14853-6 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8195113 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Lacey DL, Erdmann JM, Tan HL |title=Interleukin 4 increases type 5 acid phosphatase mRNA expression in murine bone marrow macrophages. |journal=J. Cell. Biochem. |volume=54 |issue= 3 |pages= 365-71 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8200916 |doi= 10.1002/jcb.240540312 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Cassady AI, King AG, Cross NC, Hume DA |title=Isolation and characterization of the genes encoding mouse and human type-5 acid phosphatase. |journal=Gene |volume=130 |issue= 2 |pages= 201-7 |year= 1993 |pmid= 8359686 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Grimes R, Reddy SV, Leach RJ, ''et al.'' |title=Assignment of the mouse tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase gene (Acp5) to chromosome 9. |journal=Genomics |volume=15 |issue= 2 |pages= 421-2 |year= 1993 |pmid= 8449511 |doi= 10.1006/geno.1993.1079 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, ''et al.'' |title=Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library. |journal=Gene |volume=200 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 149-56 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9373149 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Halleen JM, Kaija H, Stepan JJ, ''et al.'' |title=Studies on the protein tyrosine phosphatase activity of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase. |journal=Arch. Biochem. Biophys. |volume=352 |issue= 1 |pages= 97-102 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9521821 |doi= 10.1006/abbi.1998.0600 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Lacerda L, Arosa FA, Lacerda R, ''et al.'' |title=T cell numbers relate to bone involvement in Gaucher disease. |journal=Blood Cells Mol. Dis. |volume=25 |issue= 2 |pages= 130-8 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10389595 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Lubberts E, Joosten LA, Chabaud M, ''et al.'' |title=IL-4 gene therapy for collagen arthritis suppresses synovial IL-17 and osteoprotegerin ligand and prevents bone erosion. |journal=J. Clin. Invest. |volume=105 |issue= 12 |pages= 1697-710 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10862785 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Janckila AJ, Neustadt DH, Nakasato YR, ''et al.'' |title=Serum tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase isoforms in rheumatoid arthritis. |journal=Clin. Chim. Acta |volume=320 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 49-58 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11983200 |doi= }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
- INFO: Beginning work on ATF4... {November 18, 2007 11:51:17 AM PST}
- SEARCH REDIRECT: Control Box Found: ATF4 {November 18, 2007 11:52:01 AM PST}
- UPDATE PROTEIN BOX: Updating Protein Box, No errors. {November 18, 2007 11:52:02 AM PST}
- UPDATE SUMMARY: Updating Summary, No Errors. {November 18, 2007 11:52:02 AM PST}
- UPDATE CITATIONS: Updating Citations, No Errors. {November 18, 2007 11:52:02 AM PST}
- UPDATED: Updated protein page: ATF4 {November 18, 2007 11:52:16 AM PST}
- INFO: Beginning work on BCL3... {November 18, 2007 11:52:16 AM PST}
- SEARCH REDIRECT: Control Box Found: BCL3 {November 18, 2007 11:53:02 AM PST}
- UPDATE PROTEIN BOX: Updating Protein Box, No errors. {November 18, 2007 11:53:03 AM PST}
- UPDATE SUMMARY: Updating Summary, No Errors. {November 18, 2007 11:53:03 AM PST}
- UPDATE CITATIONS: Updating Citations, No Errors. {November 18, 2007 11:53:03 AM PST}
- UPDATED: Updated protein page: BCL3 {November 18, 2007 11:53:15 AM PST}
- INFO: Beginning work on BMPR1B... {November 18, 2007 11:53:15 AM PST}
- AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 18, 2007 11:54:15 AM PST}
<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}
<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =
| Name = Bone morphogenetic protein receptor, type IB
| HGNCid = 1077
| Symbol = BMPR1B
| AltSymbols =; ALK-6; ALK6; CDw293
| OMIM = 603248
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 20322
| MGIid = 107191
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_BMPR1B_210523_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0000166 |text = nucleotide binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0000287 |text = magnesium ion binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004872 |text = receptor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005025 |text = transforming growth factor beta receptor activity, type I}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005524 |text = ATP binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016740 |text = transferase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0030145 |text = manganese ion binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0046332 |text = SMAD binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005887 |text = integral to plasma membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016020 |text = membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0043235 |text = receptor complex}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0001501 |text = skeletal development}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0001502 |text = cartilage condensation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0001550 |text = ovarian cumulus expansion}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0001654 |text = eye development}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006468 |text = protein amino acid phosphorylation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006703 |text = estrogen biosynthetic process}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0009953 |text = dorsal/ventral pattern formation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0030154 |text = cell differentiation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0030509 |text = BMP signaling pathway}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0035108 |text = limb morphogenesis}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0042698 |text = menstrual cycle}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0045597 |text = positive regulation of cell differentiation}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 658
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000138696
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_001194
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_001203
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 4
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 95898151
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 96295099
| Hs_Uniprot = O00238
| Mm_EntrezGene = 12167
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000052430
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_007560
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_031586
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 3
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 141774523
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 142106600
| Mm_Uniprot = Q3USS1
}}
}}
'''Bone morphogenetic protein receptor, type IB''', also known as '''BMPR1B''', is a human [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: BMPR1B bone morphogenetic protein receptor, type IB| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=658| accessdate = }}</ref>
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = This gene encodes a member of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) receptor family of transmembrane serine/threonine kinases. The ligands of this receptor are BMPs, which are members of the TGF-beta superfamily. BMPs are involved in endochondral bone formation and embryogenesis. These proteins transduce their signals through the formation of heteromeric complexes of 2 different types of serine (threonine) kinase receptors: type I receptors of about 50-55 kD and type II receptors of about 70-80 kD. Type II receptors bind ligands in the absence of type I receptors, but they require their respective type I receptors for signaling, whereas type I receptors require their respective type II receptors for ligand binding. Mutations in this gene have been associated with primary pulmonary hypertension. This gene expresses two transcript variants.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: BMPR1B bone morphogenetic protein receptor, type IB| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=658| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Josso N, di Clemente N, Gouédard L |title=Anti-Müllerian hormone and its receptors. |journal=Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. |volume=179 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 25-32 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11420127 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Liu F, Ventura F, Doody J, Massagué J |title=Human type II receptor for bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs): extension of the two-kinase receptor model to the BMPs. |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=15 |issue= 7 |pages= 3479-86 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7791754 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Yamaji N, Celeste AJ, Thies RS, ''et al.'' |title=A mammalian serine/threonine kinase receptor specifically binds BMP-2 and BMP-4. |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=205 |issue= 3 |pages= 1944-51 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7811286 |doi= 10.1006/bbrc.1994.2898 }}
*{{cite journal | author=ten Dijke P, Yamashita H, Ichijo H, ''et al.'' |title=Characterization of type I receptors for transforming growth factor-beta and activin. |journal=Science |volume=264 |issue= 5155 |pages= 101-4 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8140412 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Yamada N, Kato M, ten Dijke P, ''et al.'' |title=Bone morphogenetic protein type IB receptor is progressively expressed in malignant glioma tumours. |journal=Br. J. Cancer |volume=73 |issue= 5 |pages= 624-9 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8605097 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Nishitoh H, Ichijo H, Kimura M, ''et al.'' |title=Identification of type I and type II serine/threonine kinase receptors for growth/differentiation factor-5. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=271 |issue= 35 |pages= 21345-52 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8702914 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Wu X, Robinson CE, Fong HW, Gimble JM |title=Analysis of the native murine bone morphogenetic protein serine threonine kinase type I receptor (ALK-3). |journal=J. Cell. Physiol. |volume=168 |issue= 2 |pages= 453-61 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8707881 |doi= 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4652(199608)168:2<453::AID-JCP24>3.0.CO;2-2 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Ide H, Katoh M, Sasaki H, ''et al.'' |title=Cloning of human bone morphogenetic protein type IB receptor (BMPR-IB) and its expression in prostate cancer in comparison with other BMPRs. |journal=Oncogene |volume=14 |issue= 11 |pages= 1377-82 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9178898 |doi= 10.1038/sj.onc.1200964 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Erlacher L, McCartney J, Piek E, ''et al.'' |title=Cartilage-derived morphogenetic proteins and osteogenic protein-1 differentially regulate osteogenesis. |journal=J. Bone Miner. Res. |volume=13 |issue= 3 |pages= 383-92 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9525338 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Ide H, Saito-Ohara F, Ohnami S, ''et al.'' |title=Assignment of the BMPR1A and BMPR1B genes to human chromosome 10q22.3 and 4q23-->q24 byin situ hybridization and radiation hybrid map ping. |journal=Cytogenet. Cell Genet. |volume=81 |issue= 3-4 |pages= 285-6 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9730621 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Barbara NP, Wrana JL, Letarte M |title=Endoglin is an accessory protein that interacts with the signaling receptor complex of multiple members of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=274 |issue= 2 |pages= 584-94 |year= 1999 |pmid= 9872992 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=You L, Kruse FE, Pohl J, Völcker HE |title=Bone morphogenetic proteins and growth and differentiation factors in the human cornea. |journal=Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. |volume=40 |issue= 2 |pages= 296-311 |year= 1999 |pmid= 9950587 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Aström AK, Jin D, Imamura T, ''et al.'' |title=Chromosomal localization of three human genes encoding bone morphogenetic protein receptors. |journal=Mamm. Genome |volume=10 |issue= 3 |pages= 299-302 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10051328 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Ebisawa T, Tada K, Kitajima I, ''et al.'' |title=Characterization of bone morphogenetic protein-6 signaling pathways in osteoblast differentiation. |journal=J. Cell. Sci. |volume=112 ( Pt 20) |issue= |pages= 3519-27 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10504300 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Gilboa L, Nohe A, Geissendörfer T, ''et al.'' |title=Bone morphogenetic protein receptor complexes on the surface of live cells: a new oligomerization mode for serine/threonine kinase receptors. |journal=Mol. Biol. Cell |volume=11 |issue= 3 |pages= 1023-35 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10712517 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Kim IY, Lee DH, Ahn HJ, ''et al.'' |title=Expression of bone morphogenetic protein receptors type-IA, -IB and -II correlates with tumor grade in human prostate cancer tissues. |journal=Cancer Res. |volume=60 |issue= 11 |pages= 2840-4 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10850425 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Parks WT, Frank DB, Huff C, ''et al.'' |title=Sorting nexin 6, a novel SNX, interacts with the transforming growth factor-beta family of receptor serine-threonine kinases. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=276 |issue= 22 |pages= 19332-9 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11279102 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M100606200 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Aoki H, Fujii M, Imamura T, ''et al.'' |title=Synergistic effects of different bone morphogenetic protein type I receptors on alkaline phosphatase induction. |journal=J. Cell. Sci. |volume=114 |issue= Pt 8 |pages= 1483-9 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11282024 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Souza CJ, MacDougall C, MacDougall C, ''et al.'' |title=The Booroola (FecB) phenotype is associated with a mutation in the bone morphogenetic receptor type 1 B (BMPR1B) gene. |journal=J. Endocrinol. |volume=169 |issue= 2 |pages= R1-6 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11312159 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Ahmed N, Sammons J, Carson RJ, ''et al.'' |title=Effect of bone morphogenetic protein-6 on haemopoietic stem cells and cytokine production in normal human bone marrow stroma. |journal=Cell Biol. Int. |volume=25 |issue= 5 |pages= 429-35 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11401330 |doi= 10.1006/cbir.2000.0662 }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
- INFO: Beginning work on HRH1... {November 18, 2007 11:54:15 AM PST}
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- UPDATE PROTEIN BOX: Updating Protein Box, No errors. {November 18, 2007 11:55:42 AM PST}
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- UPDATED: Updated protein page: HRH1 {November 18, 2007 11:55:54 AM PST}
- INFO: Beginning work on HSD17B1... {November 18, 2007 11:55:54 AM PST}
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- UPDATED: Updated protein page: HSD17B1 {November 18, 2007 11:59:00 AM PST}
- INFO: Beginning work on HTR3A... {November 18, 2007 11:59:00 AM PST}
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- INFO: Beginning work on IFNAR2... {November 18, 2007 12:00:55 PM PST}
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- UPDATE CITATIONS: Updating Citations, No Errors. {November 18, 2007 12:02:07 PM PST}
- UPDATED: Updated protein page: IFNAR2 {November 18, 2007 12:02:19 PM PST}
- INFO: Beginning work on LAMP2... {November 18, 2007 12:02:20 PM PST}
- SEARCH REDIRECT: Control Box Found: LAMP2 {November 18, 2007 12:03:27 PM PST}
- UPDATE PROTEIN BOX: Updating Protein Box, No errors. {November 18, 2007 12:03:35 PM PST}
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- UPDATED: Updated protein page: LAMP2 {November 18, 2007 12:03:49 PM PST}
- INFO: Beginning work on MAPK11... {November 18, 2007 12:09:43 PM PST}
- AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 18, 2007 12:11:01 PM PST}
<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}
<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =
| Name = Mitogen-activated protein kinase 11
| HGNCid = 6873
| Symbol = MAPK11
| AltSymbols =; P38B; P38BETA2; PRKM11; SAPK2; SAPK2B; p38-2; p38Beta
| OMIM = 602898
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 55684
| MGIid = 1338024
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_MAPK11_211499_s_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image2 = PBB_GE_MAPK11_206040_s_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image3 = PBB_GE_MAPK11_211500_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0000166 |text = nucleotide binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004674 |text = protein serine/threonine kinase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004707 |text = MAP kinase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005515 |text = protein binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005524 |text = ATP binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008339 |text = MP kinase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016740 |text = transferase activity}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005575 |text = cellular_component}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006468 |text = protein amino acid phosphorylation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006950 |text = response to stress}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007165 |text = signal transduction}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007243 |text = protein kinase cascade}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0019735 |text = antimicrobial humoral response}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 5600
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000185386
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_002742
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_002751
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 22
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 49044295
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 49050949
| Hs_Uniprot = Q15759
| Mm_EntrezGene = 19094
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000053137
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_011161
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_035291
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 15
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 88970253
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 88977372
| Mm_Uniprot = Q3TT60
}}
}}
'''Mitogen-activated protein kinase 11''', also known as '''MAPK11''', is a human [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: MAPK11 mitogen-activated protein kinase 11| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=5600| accessdate = }}</ref>
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the MAP kinase family. MAP kinases act as an integration point for multiple biochemical signals, and are involved in a wide variety of cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, transcription regulation, and development. This kinase is most closely related to p38 MAP kinase, both of which can be activated by proinflammatory cytokines and environmental stress. This kinase is activated through its phosphorylation by MAP kinase kinases (MKKs), preferably by MKK6. Transcription factor ATF2/CREB2 has been shown to be a substrate of this kinase.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: MAPK11 mitogen-activated protein kinase 11| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=5600| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Jiang Y, Chen C, Li Z, ''et al.'' |title=Characterization of the structure and function of a new mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38beta). |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=271 |issue= 30 |pages= 17920-6 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8663524 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Kumar S, McDonnell PC, Gum RJ, ''et al.'' |title=Novel homologues of CSBP/p38 MAP kinase: activation, substrate specificity and sensitivity to inhibition by pyridinyl imidazoles. |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=235 |issue= 3 |pages= 533-8 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9207191 |doi= 10.1006/bbrc.1997.6849 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Goedert M, Cuenda A, Craxton M, ''et al.'' |title=Activation of the novel stress-activated protein kinase SAPK4 by cytokines and cellular stresses is mediated by SKK3 (MKK6); comparison of its substrate specificity with that of other SAP kinases. |journal=EMBO J. |volume=16 |issue= 12 |pages= 3563-71 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9218798 |doi= 10.1093/emboj/16.12.3563 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Stein B, Yang MX, Young DB, ''et al.'' |title=p38-2, a novel mitogen-activated protein kinase with distinct properties. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=272 |issue= 31 |pages= 19509-17 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9235954 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Enslen H, Raingeaud J, Davis RJ |title=Selective activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase isoforms by the MAP kinase kinases MKK3 and MKK6. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=273 |issue= 3 |pages= 1741-8 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9430721 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=New L, Jiang Y, Zhao M, ''et al.'' |title=PRAK, a novel protein kinase regulated by the p38 MAP kinase. |journal=EMBO J. |volume=17 |issue= 12 |pages= 3372-84 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9628874 |doi= 10.1093/emboj/17.12.3372 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Deak M, Clifton AD, Lucocq LM, Alessi DR |title=Mitogen- and stress-activated protein kinase-1 (MSK1) is directly activated by MAPK and SAPK2/p38, and may mediate activation of CREB. |journal=EMBO J. |volume=17 |issue= 15 |pages= 4426-41 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9687510 |doi= 10.1093/emboj/17.15.4426 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Dunham I, Shimizu N, Roe BA, ''et al.'' |title=The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22. |journal=Nature |volume=402 |issue= 6761 |pages= 489-95 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10591208 |doi= 10.1038/990031 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Lee SH, Park J, Che Y, ''et al.'' |title=Constitutive activity and differential localization of p38alpha and p38beta MAPKs in adult mouse brain. |journal=J. Neurosci. Res. |volume=60 |issue= 5 |pages= 623-31 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10820433 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Tanoue T, Yamamoto T, Maeda R, Nishida E |title=A Novel MAPK phosphatase MKP-7 acts preferentially on JNK/SAPK and p38 alpha and beta MAPKs. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=276 |issue= 28 |pages= 26629-39 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11359773 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M101981200 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Torcia M, De Chiara G, Nencioni L, ''et al.'' |title=Nerve growth factor inhibits apoptosis in memory B lymphocytes via inactivation of p38 MAPK, prevention of Bcl-2 phosphorylation, and cytochrome c release. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=276 |issue= 42 |pages= 39027-36 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11495898 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M102970200 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Driggers PH, Segars JH, Rubino DM |title=The proto-oncoprotein Brx activates estrogen receptor beta by a p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=276 |issue= 50 |pages= 46792-7 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11579095 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M106927200 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Ge B, Gram H, Di Padova F, ''et al.'' |title=MAPKK-independent activation of p38alpha mediated by TAB1-dependent autophosphorylation of p38alpha. |journal=Science |volume=295 |issue= 5558 |pages= 1291-4 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11847341 |doi= 10.1126/science.1067289 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Reunanen N, Li SP, Ahonen M, ''et al.'' |title=Activation of p38 alpha MAPK enhances collagenase-1 (matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1) and stromelysin-1 (MMP-3) expression by mRNA stabilization. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=277 |issue= 35 |pages= 32360-8 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12060661 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M204296200 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Knebel A, Haydon CE, Morrice N, Cohen P |title=Stress-induced regulation of eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase by SB 203580-sensitive and -insensitive pathways. |journal=Biochem. J. |volume=367 |issue= Pt 2 |pages= 525-32 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12171600 |doi= 10.1042/BJ20020916 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Kinet S, Bernard F, Mongellaz C, ''et al.'' |title=gp120-mediated induction of the MAPK cascade is dependent on the activation state of CD4(+) lymphocytes. |journal=Blood |volume=100 |issue= 7 |pages= 2546-53 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12239168 |doi= 10.1182/blood-2002-03-0819 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Lim S, Zou Y, Friedman E |title=The transcriptional activator Mirk/Dyrk1B is sequestered by p38alpha/beta MAP kinase. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=277 |issue= 51 |pages= 49438-45 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12384504 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M206840200 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, ''et al.'' |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899-903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Naderi J, Hung M, Pandey S |title=Oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in dividing fibroblasts involves activation of p38 MAP kinase and over-expression of Bax: resistance of quiescent cells to oxidative stress. |journal=Apoptosis |volume=8 |issue= 1 |pages= 91-100 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12510156 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Stringaris AK, Geisenhainer J, Bergmann F, ''et al.'' |title=Neurotoxicity of pneumolysin, a major pneumococcal virulence factor, involves calcium influx and depends on activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. |journal=Neurobiol. Dis. |volume=11 |issue= 3 |pages= 355-68 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12586546 |doi= }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
- INFO: Beginning work on NEDD9... {November 18, 2007 12:05:34 PM PST}
- AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 18, 2007 12:06:59 PM PST}
<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}
<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =
| Name = Neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally down-regulated 9
| HGNCid = 7733
| Symbol = NEDD9
| AltSymbols =; CAS-L; CASL; HEF1; dJ49G10.2; dJ761I2.1
| OMIM = 602265
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 4669
| MGIid = 97302
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_NEDD9_202149_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image2 = PBB_GE_NEDD9_202150_s_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005515 |text = protein binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005634 |text = nucleus}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005737 |text = cytoplasm}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005819 |text = spindle}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005856 |text = cytoskeleton}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0000074 |text = regulation of progression through cell cycle}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0001558 |text = regulation of cell growth}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007010 |text = cytoskeleton organization and biogenesis}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007049 |text = cell cycle}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007067 |text = mitosis}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007155 |text = cell adhesion}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007165 |text = signal transduction}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007229 |text = integrin-mediated signaling pathway}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0051017 |text = actin filament bundle formation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0051301 |text = cell division}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 4739
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000111859
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_006394
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_006403
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 6
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 11291517
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 11490535
| Hs_Uniprot = Q14511
| Mm_EntrezGene = 18003
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000021365
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_017464
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_059492
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 13
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 41322635
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 41350000
| Mm_Uniprot = O35177
}}
}}
'''Neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally down-regulated 9''', also known as '''NEDD9''', is a human [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: NEDD9 neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally down-regulated 9| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=4739| accessdate = }}</ref>
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text =
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Iwata S, Ohashi Y, Kamiguchi K, Morimoto C |title=Beta 1-integrin-mediated cell signaling in T lymphocytes. |journal=J. Dermatol. Sci. |volume=23 |issue= 2 |pages= 75-86 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10808124 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=O'Neill GM, Seo S, Serebriiskii IG, ''et al.'' |title=A new central scaffold for metastasis: parsing HEF1/Cas-L/NEDD9. |journal=Cancer Res. |volume=67 |issue= 19 |pages= 8975-9 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17908996 |doi= 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-1328 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Law SF, Estojak J, Wang B, ''et al.'' |title=Human enhancer of filamentation 1, a novel p130cas-like docking protein, associates with focal adhesion kinase and induces pseudohyphal growth in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=16 |issue= 7 |pages= 3327-37 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8668148 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Minegishi M, Tachibana K, Sato T, ''et al.'' |title=Structure and function of Cas-L, a 105-kD Crk-associated substrate-related protein that is involved in beta 1 integrin-mediated signaling in lymphocytes. |journal=J. Exp. Med. |volume=184 |issue= 4 |pages= 1365-75 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8879209 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Manié SN, Beck AR, Astier A, ''et al.'' |title=Involvement of p130(Cas) and p105(HEF1), a novel Cas-like docking protein, in a cytoskeleton-dependent signaling pathway initiated by ligation of integrin or antigen receptor on human B cells. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=272 |issue= 7 |pages= 4230-6 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9020138 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Tachibana K, Urano T, Fujita H, ''et al.'' |title=Tyrosine phosphorylation of Crk-associated substrates by focal adhesion kinase. A putative mechanism for the integrin-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of Crk-associated substrates. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=272 |issue= 46 |pages= 29083-90 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9360983 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Hunter AJ, Shimizu Y |title=Alpha 4 beta 1 integrin-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation in human T cells: characterization of Crk- and Fyn-associated substrates (pp105, pp115, and human enhancer of filamentation-1) and integrin-dependent activation of p59fyn1. |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=159 |issue= 10 |pages= 4806-14 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9366405 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=de Jong R, van Wijk A, Haataja L, ''et al.'' |title=BCR/ABL-induced leukemogenesis causes phosphorylation of Hef1 and its association with Crkl. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=272 |issue= 51 |pages= 32649-55 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9405482 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Ohashi Y, Tachibana K, Kamiguchi K, ''et al.'' |title=T cell receptor-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of Cas-L, a 105-kDa Crk-associated substrate-related protein, and its association of Crk and C3G. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=273 |issue= 11 |pages= 6446-51 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9497377 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Astier A, Manié SN, Law SF, ''et al.'' |title=Association of the Cas-like molecule HEF1 with CrkL following integrin and antigen receptor signaling in human B-cells: potential relevance to neoplastic lymphohematopoietic cells. |journal=Leuk. Lymphoma |volume=28 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 65-72 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9498705 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Law SF, Zhang YZ, Klein-Szanto AJ, Golemis EA |title=Cell cycle-regulated processing of HEF1 to multiple protein forms differentially targeted to multiple subcellular compartments. |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=18 |issue= 6 |pages= 3540-51 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9584194 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Côté JF, Charest A, Wagner J, Tremblay ML |title=Combination of gene targeting and substrate trapping to identify substrates of protein tyrosine phosphatases using PTP-PEST as a model. |journal=Biochemistry |volume=37 |issue= 38 |pages= 13128-37 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9748319 |doi= 10.1021/bi981259l }}
*{{cite journal | author=Kyono WT, de Jong R, Park RK, ''et al.'' |title=Differential interaction of Crkl with Cbl or C3G, Hef-1, and gamma subunit immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif in signaling of myeloid high affinity Fc receptor for IgG (Fc gamma RI). |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=161 |issue= 10 |pages= 5555-63 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9820532 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Zhang Z, Hernandez-Lagunas L, Horne WC, Baron R |title=Cytoskeleton-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of the p130(Cas) family member HEF1 downstream of the G protein-coupled calcitonin receptor. Calcitonin induces the association of HEF1, paxillin, and focal adhesion kinase. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=274 |issue= 35 |pages= 25093-8 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10455189 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Ohashi Y, Iwata S, Kamiguchi K, Morimoto C |title=Tyrosine phosphorylation of Crk-associated substrate lymphocyte-type is a critical element in TCR- and beta 1 integrin-induced T lymphocyte migration. |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=163 |issue= 7 |pages= 3727-34 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10490968 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Law SF, Zhang YZ, Fashena SJ, ''et al.'' |title=Dimerization of the docking/adaptor protein HEF1 via a carboxy-terminal helix-loop-helix domain. |journal=Exp. Cell Res. |volume=252 |issue= 1 |pages= 224-35 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10502414 |doi= 10.1006/excr.1999.4609 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Scanlan MJ, Gordan JD, Williamson B, ''et al.'' |title=Antigens recognized by autologous antibody in patients with renal-cell carcinoma. |journal=Int. J. Cancer |volume=83 |issue= 4 |pages= 456-64 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10508479 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Sakakibara A, Hattori S |title=Chat, a Cas/HEF1-associated adaptor protein that integrates multiple signaling pathways. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=275 |issue= 9 |pages= 6404-10 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10692442 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Law SF, O'Neill GM, Fashena SJ, ''et al.'' |title=The docking protein HEF1 is an apoptotic mediator at focal adhesion sites. |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=20 |issue= 14 |pages= 5184-95 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10866674 |doi= }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
- INFO: Beginning work on NFYA... {November 18, 2007 12:06:59 PM PST}
- SEARCH REDIRECT: Control Box Found: NFYA {November 18, 2007 12:08:16 PM PST}
- UPDATE PROTEIN BOX: Updating Protein Box, No errors. {November 18, 2007 12:08:23 PM PST}
- UPDATE SUMMARY: Updating Summary, No Errors. {November 18, 2007 12:08:23 PM PST}
- UPDATE CITATIONS: Updating Citations, No Errors. {November 18, 2007 12:08:23 PM PST}
- UPDATED: Updated protein page: NFYA {November 18, 2007 12:08:36 PM PST}
- INFO: Beginning work on P2RY1... {November 18, 2007 12:08:36 PM PST}
- SEARCH REDIRECT: Control Box Found: P2RY1 {November 18, 2007 12:09:22 PM PST}
- UPDATE PROTEIN BOX: Updating Protein Box, No errors. {November 18, 2007 12:09:29 PM PST}
- UPDATE SUMMARY: Updating Summary, No Errors. {November 18, 2007 12:09:29 PM PST}
- UPDATE CITATIONS: Updating Citations, No Errors. {November 18, 2007 12:09:29 PM PST}
- UPDATED: Updated protein page: P2RY1 {November 18, 2007 12:09:42 PM PST}
- INFO: Beginning work on P2RY12... {November 18, 2007 12:18:09 PM PST}
- AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 18, 2007 12:18:56 PM PST}
<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}
<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =
| Name = Purinergic receptor P2Y, G-protein coupled, 12
| HGNCid = 18124
| Symbol = P2RY12
| AltSymbols =; ADPG-R; HORK3; P2T(AC); P2Y(AC); P2Y(ADP); P2Y(cyc); P2Y12; SP1999
| OMIM = 600515
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 11260
| MGIid = 1918089
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0001609 |text = adenosine receptor activity, G-protein coupled}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0001621 |text = platelet ADP receptor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004872 |text = receptor activity}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016020 |text = membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016021 |text = integral to membrane}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007165 |text = signal transduction}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007186 |text = G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007188 |text = G-protein signaling, coupled to cAMP nucleotide second messenger}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007599 |text = hemostasis}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0030168 |text = platelet activation}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 64805
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000169313
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_073625
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_022788
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 3
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 152538066
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 152585234
| Hs_Uniprot = Q9H244
| Mm_EntrezGene = 70839
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000036353
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_027571
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_081847
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 3
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 59304198
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 59350754
| Mm_Uniprot = Q546L4
}}
}}
'''Purinergic receptor P2Y, G-protein coupled, 12''', also known as '''P2RY12''', is a human [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: P2RY12 purinergic receptor P2Y, G-protein coupled, 12| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=64805| accessdate = }}</ref>
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = The product of this gene belongs to the family of G-protein coupled receptors. This family has several receptor subtypes with different pharmacological selectivity, which overlaps in some cases, for various adenosine and uridine nucleotides. This receptor is involved in platelets aggregation, and is a potential target for the treatment of thromboembolisms and other clotting disorders. Two transcript variants encoding the same isoform have been identified for this gene.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: P2RY12 purinergic receptor P2Y, G-protein coupled, 12| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=64805| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Nicholas RA |title=Identification of the P2Y(12) receptor: a novel member of the P2Y family of receptors activated by extracellular nucleotides. |journal=Mol. Pharmacol. |volume=60 |issue= 3 |pages= 416-20 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11502870 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Ohlmann P, Laugwitz KL, Nürnberg B, ''et al.'' |title=The human platelet ADP receptor activates Gi2 proteins. |journal=Biochem. J. |volume=312 ( Pt 3) |issue= |pages= 775-9 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8554519 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Zhang FL, Luo L, Gustafson E, ''et al.'' |title=ADP is the cognate ligand for the orphan G protein-coupled receptor SP1999. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=276 |issue= 11 |pages= 8608-15 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11104774 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M009718200 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Hollopeter G, Jantzen HM, Vincent D, ''et al.'' |title=Identification of the platelet ADP receptor targeted by antithrombotic drugs. |journal=Nature |volume=409 |issue= 6817 |pages= 202-7 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11196645 |doi= 10.1038/35051599 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Takasaki J, Kamohara M, Saito T, ''et al.'' |title=Molecular cloning of the platelet P2T(AC) ADP receptor: pharmacological comparison with another ADP receptor, the P2Y(1) receptor. |journal=Mol. Pharmacol. |volume=60 |issue= 3 |pages= 432-9 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11502873 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Takeda S, Kadowaki S, Haga T, ''et al.'' |title=Identification of G protein-coupled receptor genes from the human genome sequence. |journal=FEBS Lett. |volume=520 |issue= 1-3 |pages= 97-101 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12044878 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Simon J, Filippov AK, Göransson S, ''et al.'' |title=Characterization and channel coupling of the P2Y(12) nucleotide receptor of brain capillary endothelial cells. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=277 |issue= 35 |pages= 31390-400 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12080041 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M110714200 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, ''et al.'' |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899-903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Ding Z, Kim S, Dorsam RT, ''et al.'' |title=Inactivation of the human P2Y12 receptor by thiol reagents requires interaction with both extracellular cysteine residues, Cys17 and Cys270. |journal=Blood |volume=101 |issue= 10 |pages= 3908-14 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12560222 |doi= 10.1182/blood-2002-10-3027 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Cattaneo M, Zighetti ML, Lombardi R, ''et al.'' |title=Molecular bases of defective signal transduction in the platelet P2Y12 receptor of a patient with congenital bleeding. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=100 |issue= 4 |pages= 1978-83 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12578987 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.0437879100 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Reséndiz JC, Feng S, Ji G, ''et al.'' |title=Purinergic P2Y12 receptor blockade inhibits shear-induced platelet phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activation. |journal=Mol. Pharmacol. |volume=63 |issue= 3 |pages= 639-45 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12606772 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Jagroop IA, Burnstock G, Mikhailidis DP |title=Both the ADP receptors P2Y1 and P2Y12, play a role in controlling shape change in human platelets. |journal=Platelets |volume=14 |issue= 1 |pages= 15-20 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12623443 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Nesbitt WS, Giuliano S, Kulkarni S, ''et al.'' |title=Intercellular calcium communication regulates platelet aggregation and thrombus growth. |journal=J. Cell Biol. |volume=160 |issue= 7 |pages= 1151-61 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12668663 |doi= 10.1083/jcb.200207119 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Fontana P, Dupont A, Gandrille S, ''et al.'' |title=Adenosine diphosphate-induced platelet aggregation is associated with P2Y12 gene sequence variations in healthy subjects. |journal=Circulation |volume=108 |issue= 8 |pages= 989-95 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12912815 |doi= 10.1161/01.CIR.0000085073.69189.88 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Nylander S, Mattsson C, Ramström S, Lindahl TL |title=The relative importance of the ADP receptors, P2Y12 and P2Y1, in thrombin-induced platelet activation. |journal=Thromb. Res. |volume=111 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 65-73 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14644082 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Haserück N, Erl W, Pandey D, ''et al.'' |title=The plaque lipid lysophosphatidic acid stimulates platelet activation and platelet-monocyte aggregate formation in whole blood: involvement of P2Y1 and P2Y12 receptors. |journal=Blood |volume=103 |issue= 7 |pages= 2585-92 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14645014 |doi= 10.1182/blood-2003-04-1127 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Fontana P, Gaussem P, Aiach M, ''et al.'' |title=P2Y12 H2 haplotype is associated with peripheral arterial disease: a case-control study. |journal=Circulation |volume=108 |issue= 24 |pages= 2971-3 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14662702 |doi= 10.1161/01.CIR.0000106904.80795.35 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Soulet C, Sauzeau V, Plantavid M, ''et al.'' |title=Gi-dependent and -independent mechanisms downstream of the P2Y12 ADP-receptor. |journal=J. Thromb. Haemost. |volume=2 |issue= 1 |pages= 135-46 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14717977 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Dorsam RT, Tuluc M, Kunapuli SP |title=Role of protease-activated and ADP receptor subtypes in thrombin generation on human platelets. |journal=J. Thromb. Haemost. |volume=2 |issue= 5 |pages= 804-12 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15099288 |doi= 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2004.00692.x }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
- INFO: Beginning work on PEX5... {November 18, 2007 12:12:26 PM PST}
- SEARCH REDIRECT: Control Box Found: PEX5 {November 18, 2007 12:13:01 PM PST}
- UPDATE PROTEIN BOX: Updating Protein Box, No errors. {November 18, 2007 12:13:02 PM PST}
- UPDATE SUMMARY: Updating Summary, No Errors. {November 18, 2007 12:13:02 PM PST}
- UPDATE CITATIONS: Updating Citations, No Errors. {November 18, 2007 12:13:02 PM PST}
- UPDATED: Updated protein page: PEX5 {November 18, 2007 12:13:10 PM PST}
- INFO: Beginning work on PSMA5... {November 18, 2007 12:11:01 PM PST}
- AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 18, 2007 12:12:26 PM PST}
<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}
<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_PSMA5_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 1iru.
| PDB = {{PDB2|1iru}}
| Name = Proteasome (prosome, macropain) subunit, alpha type, 5
| HGNCid = 9534
| Symbol = PSMA5
| AltSymbols =; MGC117302; MGC125802; MGC125803; MGC125804; PSC5; ZETA
| OMIM = 176844
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 2084
| MGIid = 1347009
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_PSMA5_201274_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004298 |text = threonine endopeptidase activity}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005829 |text = cytosol}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005839 |text = proteasome core complex (sensu Eukaryota)}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006511 |text = ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 5686
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000143106
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_002781
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_002790
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 1
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 109745997
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 109770589
| Hs_Uniprot = P28066
| Mm_EntrezGene = 26442
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000068749
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_011967
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_036097
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 3
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 108385246
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 108408023
| Mm_Uniprot = Q3TUI9
}}
}}
'''Proteasome (prosome, macropain) subunit, alpha type, 5''', also known as '''PSMA5''', is a human [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: PSMA5 proteasome (prosome, macropain) subunit, alpha type, 5| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=5686| accessdate = }}</ref>
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = The proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex with a highly ordered ring-shaped 20S core structure. The core structure is composed of 4 rings of 28 non-identical subunits; 2 rings are composed of 7 alpha subunits and 2 rings are composed of 7 beta subunits. Proteasomes are distributed throughout eukaryotic cells at a high concentration and cleave peptides in an ATP/ubiquitin-dependent process in a non-lysosomal pathway. An essential function of a modified proteasome, the immunoproteasome, is the processing of class I MHC peptides. This gene encodes a member of the peptidase T1A family, that is a 20S core alpha subunit.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: PSMA5 proteasome (prosome, macropain) subunit, alpha type, 5| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=5686| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Coux O, Tanaka K, Goldberg AL |title=Structure and functions of the 20S and 26S proteasomes. |journal=Annu. Rev. Biochem. |volume=65 |issue= |pages= 801-47 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8811196 |doi= 10.1146/annurev.bi.65.070196.004101 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Goff SP |title=Death by deamination: a novel host restriction system for HIV-1. |journal=Cell |volume=114 |issue= 3 |pages= 281-3 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12914693 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Rasmussen HH, van Damme J, Puype M, ''et al.'' |title=Microsequences of 145 proteins recorded in the two-dimensional gel protein database of normal human epidermal keratinocytes. |journal=Electrophoresis |volume=13 |issue= 12 |pages= 960-9 |year= 1993 |pmid= 1286667 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=DeMartino GN, Orth K, McCullough ML, ''et al.'' |title=The primary structures of four subunits of the human, high-molecular-weight proteinase, macropain (proteasome), are distinct but homologous. |journal=Biochim. Biophys. Acta |volume=1079 |issue= 1 |pages= 29-38 |year= 1991 |pmid= 1888762 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Kristensen P, Johnsen AH, Uerkvitz W, ''et al.'' |title=Human proteasome subunits from 2-dimensional gels identified by partial sequencing. |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=205 |issue= 3 |pages= 1785-9 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7811265 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Maruyama K, Sugano S |title=Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides. |journal=Gene |volume=138 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 171-4 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8125298 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Seeger M, Ferrell K, Frank R, Dubiel W |title=HIV-1 tat inhibits the 20 S proteasome and its 11 S regulator-mediated activation. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=272 |issue= 13 |pages= 8145-8 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9079628 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, ''et al.'' |title=Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library. |journal=Gene |volume=200 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 149-56 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9373149 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Mayau V, Baron B, Buttin G, Debatisse M |title=Twelve genes, including the unassigned proteasome zeta subunit gene, ordered within the human 1p13 region. |journal=Mamm. Genome |volume=9 |issue= 4 |pages= 331-3 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9530635 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Madani N, Kabat D |title=An endogenous inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus in human lymphocytes is overcome by the viral Vif protein. |journal=J. Virol. |volume=72 |issue= 12 |pages= 10251-5 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9811770 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Simon JH, Gaddis NC, Fouchier RA, Malim MH |title=Evidence for a newly discovered cellular anti-HIV-1 phenotype. |journal=Nat. Med. |volume=4 |issue= 12 |pages= 1397-400 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9846577 |doi= 10.1038/3987 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Jørgensen L, Hendil KB |title=Proteasome subunit zeta, a putative ribonuclease, is also found as a free monomer. |journal=Mol. Biol. Rep. |volume=26 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 119-23 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10363657 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Mulder LC, Muesing MA |title=Degradation of HIV-1 integrase by the N-end rule pathway. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=275 |issue= 38 |pages= 29749-53 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10893419 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M004670200 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Feng Y, Longo DL, Ferris DK |title=Polo-like kinase interacts with proteasomes and regulates their activity. |journal=Cell Growth Differ. |volume=12 |issue= 1 |pages= 29-37 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11205743 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Engidawork E, Juranville JF, Fountoulakis M, ''et al.'' |title=Selective upregulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome proteolytic pathway proteins, proteasome zeta chain and isopeptidase T in fetal Down syndrome. |journal=J. Neural Transm. Suppl. |volume= |issue= 61 |pages= 117-30 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11771738 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Sheehy AM, Gaddis NC, Choi JD, Malim MH |title=Isolation of a human gene that inhibits HIV-1 infection and is suppressed by the viral Vif protein. |journal=Nature |volume=418 |issue= 6898 |pages= 646-50 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12167863 |doi= 10.1038/nature00939 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Huang X, Seifert U, Salzmann U, ''et al.'' |title=The RTP site shared by the HIV-1 Tat protein and the 11S regulator subunit alpha is crucial for their effects on proteasome function including antigen processing. |journal=J. Mol. Biol. |volume=323 |issue= 4 |pages= 771-82 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12419264 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, ''et al.'' |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899-903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Gaddis NC, Chertova E, Sheehy AM, ''et al.'' |title=Comprehensive investigation of the molecular defect in vif-deficient human immunodeficiency virus type 1 virions. |journal=J. Virol. |volume=77 |issue= 10 |pages= 5810-20 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12719574 |doi= }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
- INFO: Beginning work on REG1A... {November 18, 2007 12:13:10 PM PST}
- AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 18, 2007 12:13:53 PM PST}
<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}
<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_REG1A_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 1lit.
| PDB = {{PDB2|1lit}}, {{PDB2|1qdd}}
| Name = Regenerating islet-derived 1 alpha (pancreatic stone protein, pancreatic thread protein)
| HGNCid = 9951
| Symbol = REG1A
| AltSymbols =; REG; PSP; ICRF; MGC12447; P19; PSPS; PSPS1; PTP
| OMIM = 167770
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 68282
| MGIid = 97895
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_REG1A_209752_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005529 |text = sugar binding}}
| Component =
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008284 |text = positive regulation of cell proliferation}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 5967
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000115386
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_002900
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_002909
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 2
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 79201092
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 79204053
| Hs_Uniprot = P05451
| Mm_EntrezGene = 19692
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000059654
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_009042
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_033068
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 6
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 78355492
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 78358175
| Mm_Uniprot = Q3TV26
}}
}}
'''Regenerating islet-derived 1 alpha (pancreatic stone protein, pancreatic thread protein)''', also known as '''REG1A''', is a human [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: REG1A regenerating islet-derived 1 alpha (pancreatic stone protein, pancreatic thread protein)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=5967| accessdate = }}</ref>
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = This gene is a type I subclass member of the Reg gene family. The Reg gene family is a multigene family grouped into four subclasses, types I, II, III and IV based on the primary structures of the encoded proteins. This gene encodes a protein that is secreted by the exocrine pancreas. It is associated with islet cell regeneration and diabetogenesis and may be involved in pancreatic lithogenesis. Reg family members REG1B, REGL, PAP and this gene are tandomly clustered on chromosome 2p12 and may have arisen from the same ancestral gene by gene duplication.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: REG1A regenerating islet-derived 1 alpha (pancreatic stone protein, pancreatic thread protein)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=5967| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=De Reggi M, Gharib B |title=Protein-X, Pancreatic Stone-, Pancreatic thread-, reg-protein, P19, lithostathine, and now what? Characterization, structural analysis and putative function(s) of the major non-enzymatic protein of pancreatic secretions. |journal=Curr. Protein Pept. Sci. |volume=2 |issue= 1 |pages= 19-42 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12369899 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Itoh T, Tsuzuki H, Katoh T, ''et al.'' |title=Isolation and characterization of human reg protein produced in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. |journal=FEBS Lett. |volume=272 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 85-8 |year= 1990 |pmid= 2226837 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Watanabe T, Yonekura H, Terazono K, ''et al.'' |title=Complete nucleotide sequence of human reg gene and its expression in normal and tumoral tissues. The reg protein, pancreatic stone protein, and pancreatic thread protein are one and the same product of the gene. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=265 |issue= 13 |pages= 7432-9 |year= 1990 |pmid= 2332435 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=de la Monte SM, Ozturk M, Wands JR |title=Enhanced expression of an exocrine pancreatic protein in Alzheimer's disease and the developing human brain. |journal=J. Clin. Invest. |volume=86 |issue= 3 |pages= 1004-13 |year= 1990 |pmid= 2394826 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=De Caro AM, Adrich Z, Fournet B, ''et al.'' |title=N-terminal sequence extension in the glycosylated forms of human pancreatic stone protein. The 5-oxoproline N-terminal chain is O-glycosylated on the 5th amino acid residue. |journal=Biochim. Biophys. Acta |volume=994 |issue= 3 |pages= 281-4 |year= 1989 |pmid= 2493268 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Giorgi D, Bernard JP, Rouquier S, ''et al.'' |title=Secretory pancreatic stone protein messenger RNA. Nucleotide sequence and expression in chronic calcifying pancreatitis. |journal=J. Clin. Invest. |volume=84 |issue= 1 |pages= 100-6 |year= 1989 |pmid= 2525567 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Stewart TA |title=The human reg gene encodes pancreatic stone protein. |journal=Biochem. J. |volume=260 |issue= 2 |pages= 622-3 |year= 1989 |pmid= 2764894 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Terazono K, Yamamoto H, Takasawa S, ''et al.'' |title=A novel gene activated in regenerating islets. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=263 |issue= 5 |pages= 2111-4 |year= 1988 |pmid= 2963000 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Rouimi P, Bonicel J, Rovery M, De Caro A |title=Cleavage of the Arg-Ile bond in the native polypeptide chain of human pancreatic stone protein. |journal=FEBS Lett. |volume=216 |issue= 2 |pages= 195-9 |year= 1987 |pmid= 3108036 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Rouimi P, de Caro J, Bonicel J, ''et al.'' |title=The disulfide bridges of the immunoreactive forms of human pancreatic stone protein isolated from pancreatic juice. |journal=FEBS Lett. |volume=229 |issue= 1 |pages= 171-4 |year= 1988 |pmid= 3345835 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Montalto G, Bonicel J, Multigner L, ''et al.'' |title=Partial amino acid sequence of human pancreatic stone protein, a novel pancreatic secretory protein. |journal=Biochem. J. |volume=238 |issue= 1 |pages= 227-32 |year= 1987 |pmid= 3541906 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=De Caro AM, Bonicel JJ, Rouimi P, ''et al.'' |title=Complete amino acid sequence of an immunoreactive form of human pancreatic stone protein isolated from pancreatic juice. |journal=Eur. J. Biochem. |volume=168 |issue= 1 |pages= 201-7 |year= 1987 |pmid= 3665916 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Gross J, Carlson RI, Brauer AW, ''et al.'' |title=Isolation, characterization, and distribution of an unusual pancreatic human secretory protein. |journal=J. Clin. Invest. |volume=76 |issue= 6 |pages= 2115-26 |year= 1986 |pmid= 3908481 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Perfetti R, Hawkins AL, Griffin CA, ''et al.'' |title=Assignment of the human pancreatic regenerating (REG) gene to chromosome 2p12. |journal=Genomics |volume=20 |issue= 2 |pages= 305-7 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8020983 |doi= 10.1006/geno.1994.1173 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Otonkoski T, Mally MI, Hayek A |title=Opposite effects of beta-cell differentiation and growth on reg expression in human fetal pancreatic cells. |journal=Diabetes |volume=43 |issue= 9 |pages= 1164-6 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8070617 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Moriizumi S, Watanabe T, Unno M, ''et al.'' |title=Isolation, structural determination and expression of a novel reg gene, human regI beta. |journal=Biochim. Biophys. Acta |volume=1217 |issue= 2 |pages= 199-202 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8110835 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Gharib B, Fox MF, Bartoli C, ''et al.'' |title=Human regeneration protein/lithostathine genes map to chromosome 2p12. |journal=Ann. Hum. Genet. |volume=57 |issue= Pt 1 |pages= 9-16 |year= 1993 |pmid= 8333731 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Bartoli C, Gharib B, Giorgi D, ''et al.'' |title=A gene homologous to the reg gene is expressed in the human pancreas. |journal=FEBS Lett. |volume=327 |issue= 3 |pages= 289-93 |year= 1993 |pmid= 8348956 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Bertrand JA, Pignol D, Bernard JP, ''et al.'' |title=Crystal structure of human lithostathine, the pancreatic inhibitor of stone formation. |journal=EMBO J. |volume=15 |issue= 11 |pages= 2678-84 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8654365 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Patard L, Stoven V, Gharib B, ''et al.'' |title=What function for human lithostathine?: structural investigations by three-dimensional structure modeling and high-resolution NMR spectroscopy. |journal=Protein Eng. |volume=9 |issue= 11 |pages= 949-57 |year= 1997 |pmid= 8961348 |doi= }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
- INFO: Beginning work on SCNN1G... {November 18, 2007 12:13:53 PM PST}
- AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 18, 2007 12:14:32 PM PST}
<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}
<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =
| Name = Sodium channel, nonvoltage-gated 1, gamma
| HGNCid = 10602
| Symbol = SCNN1G
| AltSymbols =; ENaCg; ENaCgamma; PHA1; SCNEG
| OMIM = 600761
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 20280
| MGIid = 104695
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005216 |text = ion channel activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005515 |text = protein binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0015280 |text = amiloride-sensitive sodium channel activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0031402 |text = sodium ion binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005887 |text = integral to plasma membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016020 |text = membrane}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006811 |text = ion transport}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006814 |text = sodium ion transport}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007588 |text = excretion}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0050896 |text = response to stimulus}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 6340
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000166828
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_001030
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_001039
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 16
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 23101541
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 23135701
| Hs_Uniprot = P51170
| Mm_EntrezGene = 20278
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000000216
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = XM_992115
| Mm_RefseqProtein = XP_997209
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 7
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 121525627
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 121559623
| Mm_Uniprot = Q3UNU3
}}
}}
'''Sodium channel, nonvoltage-gated 1, gamma''', also known as '''SCNN1G''', is a human [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: SCNN1G sodium channel, nonvoltage-gated 1, gamma| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=6340| accessdate = }}</ref>
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text =
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Peters KW, Qi J, Johnson JP, ''et al.'' |title=Role of snare proteins in CFTR and ENaC trafficking. |journal=Pflugers Arch. |volume=443 Suppl 1 |issue= |pages= S65-9 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11845306 |doi= 10.1007/s004240100647 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Voilley N, Bassilana F, Mignon C, ''et al.'' |title=Cloning, chromosomal localization, and physical linkage of the beta and gamma subunits (SCNN1B and SCNN1G) of the human epithelial amiloride-sensitive sodium channel. |journal=Genomics |volume=28 |issue= 3 |pages= 560-5 |year= 1996 |pmid= 7490094 |doi= 10.1006/geno.1995.1188 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Waldmann R, Champigny G, Bassilana F, ''et al.'' |title=Molecular cloning and functional expression of a novel amiloride-sensitive Na+ channel. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=270 |issue= 46 |pages= 27411-4 |year= 1996 |pmid= 7499195 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Hansson JH, Nelson-Williams C, Suzuki H, ''et al.'' |title=Hypertension caused by a truncated epithelial sodium channel gamma subunit: genetic heterogeneity of Liddle syndrome. |journal=Nat. Genet. |volume=11 |issue= 1 |pages= 76-82 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7550319 |doi= 10.1038/ng0995-76 }}
*{{cite journal | author=McDonald FJ, Price MP, Snyder PM, Welsh MJ |title=Cloning and expression of the beta- and gamma-subunits of the human epithelial sodium channel. |journal=Am. J. Physiol. |volume=268 |issue= 5 Pt 1 |pages= C1157-63 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7762608 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Snyder PM, Price MP, McDonald FJ, ''et al.'' |title=Mechanism by which Liddle's syndrome mutations increase activity of a human epithelial Na+ channel. |journal=Cell |volume=83 |issue= 6 |pages= 969-78 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8521520 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Strautnieks SS, Thompson RJ, Gardiner RM, Chung E |title=A novel splice-site mutation in the gamma subunit of the epithelial sodium channel gene in three pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1 families. |journal=Nat. Genet. |volume=13 |issue= 2 |pages= 248-50 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8640238 |doi= 10.1038/ng0696-248 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Thomas CP, Doggett NA, Fisher R, Stokes JB |title=Genomic organization and the 5' flanking region of the gamma subunit of the human amiloride-sensitive epithelial sodium channel. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=271 |issue= 42 |pages= 26062-6 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8824247 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Firsov D, Schild L, Gautschi I, ''et al.'' |title=Cell surface expression of the epithelial Na channel and a mutant causing Liddle syndrome: a quantitative approach. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=93 |issue= 26 |pages= 15370-5 |year= 1997 |pmid= 8986818 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Pirozzi G, McConnell SJ, Uveges AJ, ''et al.'' |title=Identification of novel human WW domain-containing proteins by cloning of ligand targets. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=272 |issue= 23 |pages= 14611-6 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9169421 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Staub O, Gautschi I, Ishikawa T, ''et al.'' |title=Regulation of stability and function of the epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC) by ubiquitination. |journal=EMBO J. |volume=16 |issue= 21 |pages= 6325-36 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9351815 |doi= 10.1093/emboj/16.21.6325 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Halushka MK, Fan JB, Bentley K, ''et al.'' |title=Patterns of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in candidate genes for blood-pressure homeostasis. |journal=Nat. Genet. |volume=22 |issue= 3 |pages= 239-47 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10391210 |doi= 10.1038/10297 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Arai K, Zachman K, Shibasaki T, Chrousos GP |title=Polymorphisms of amiloride-sensitive sodium channel subunits in five sporadic cases of pseudohypoaldosteronism: do they have pathologic potential? |journal=J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. |volume=84 |issue= 7 |pages= 2434-7 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10404817 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Farr TJ, Coddington-Lawson SJ, Snyder PM, McDonald FJ |title=Human Nedd4 interacts with the human epithelial Na+ channel: WW3 but not WW1 binds to Na+-channel subunits. |journal=Biochem. J. |volume=345 Pt 3 |issue= |pages= 503-9 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10642508 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Auerbach SD, Loftus RW, Itani OA, Thomas CP |title=Human amiloride-sensitive epithelial Na+ channel gamma subunit promoter: functional analysis and identification of a polypurine-polypyrimidine tract with the potential for triplex DNA formation. |journal=Biochem. J. |volume=347 Pt 1 |issue= |pages= 105-14 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10727408 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Harvey KF, Dinudom A, Cook DI, Kumar S |title=The Nedd4-like protein KIAA0439 is a potential regulator of the epithelial sodium channel. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=276 |issue= 11 |pages= 8597-601 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11244092 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.C000906200 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Shi H, Asher C, Chigaev A, ''et al.'' |title=Interactions of beta and gamma ENaC with Nedd4 can be facilitated by an ERK-mediated phosphorylation. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=277 |issue= 16 |pages= 13539-47 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11805112 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M111717200 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Ottaviani E, Franchini A, Mandrioli M, ''et al.'' |title=Amiloride-sensitive epithelial sodium channel subunits are expressed in human and mussel immunocytes. |journal=Dev. Comp. Immunol. |volume=26 |issue= 5 |pages= 395-402 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11906720 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Saxena A, Hanukoglu I, Saxena D, ''et al.'' |title=Novel mutations responsible for autosomal recessive multisystem pseudohypoaldosteronism and sequence variants in epithelial sodium channel alpha-, beta-, and gamma-subunit genes. |journal=J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. |volume=87 |issue= 7 |pages= 3344-50 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12107247 |doi= }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
- INFO: Beginning work on SHOX... {November 18, 2007 12:14:32 PM PST}
- AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 18, 2007 12:15:05 PM PST}
<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
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<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =
| Name = Short stature homeobox
| HGNCid = 10853
| Symbol = SHOX
| AltSymbols =; SS; GCFX; PHOG; SHOXY
| OMIM = 312865
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 55463
| MGIid =
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003700 |text = transcription factor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0043565 |text = sequence-specific DNA binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005634 |text = nucleus}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0001501 |text = skeletal development}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006355 |text = regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006366 |text = transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007275 |text = multicellular organismal development}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 6473
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000185960
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_000442
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_000451
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = X
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 505079
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 540146
| Hs_Uniprot = O15266
| Mm_EntrezGene =
| Mm_Ensembl =
| Mm_RefseqmRNA =
| Mm_RefseqProtein =
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr =
| Mm_GenLoc_start =
| Mm_GenLoc_end =
| Mm_Uniprot =
}}
}}
'''Short stature homeobox''', also known as '''SHOX''', is a human [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: SHOX short stature homeobox| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=6473| accessdate = }}</ref>
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = The pseudoautosomal region (PAR1) contains an interval of 170 kb that tends to be deleted in individuals with short stature and different rearrangements on Xp22 or Yp11.3. SHOX (Short stature HOmeoboX-containing gene) a homeo box-containing gene located in the PAR1, has at least 2 alternatively spliced forms encoding proteins with different patterns of expression. SHOX is involved in idiopathic growth retardation and in the short stature phenotype of Turner syndrome patients. The 2 mRNAs, SHOXa and SHOXb, code for proteins of 292 and 225 amino acids, respectively. Both transcripts have a common 5' end, diverging after exon IV. The SHOX gene is composed of 6 exons ranging in size from 58 bp to 1,146 bp. SHOX is highly conserved across species. The absence of the SHOX gene may be responsible for the growth failure in Turner syndrome females.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: SHOX short stature homeobox| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=6473| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Bernasconi S, Mariani S, Falcinelli C, ''et al.'' |title=SHOX gene in Leri-Weill syndrome and in idiopathic short stature. |journal=J. Endocrinol. Invest. |volume=24 |issue= 9 |pages= 737-41 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11716161 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Leka SK, Kitsiou-Tzeli S, Kalpini-Mavrou A, Kanavakis E |title=Short stature and dysmorphology associated with defects in the SHOX gene. |journal=Hormones (Athens, Greece) |volume=5 |issue= 2 |pages= 107-18 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16807223 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Ballabio A, Bardoni B, Carrozzo R, ''et al.'' |title=Contiguous gene syndromes due to deletions in the distal short arm of the human X chromosome. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=86 |issue= 24 |pages= 10001-5 |year= 1990 |pmid= 2602357 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Zuffardi O, Maraschio P, Lo Curto F, ''et al.'' |title=The role of Yp in sex determination: new evidence from X/Y translocations. |journal=Am. J. Med. Genet. |volume=12 |issue= 2 |pages= 175-84 |year= 1982 |pmid= 6954848 |doi= 10.1002/ajmg.1320120207 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Kuznetzova T, Baranov A, Ivaschenko T, ''et al.'' |title=X;Y translocation in a girl with short stature and some features of Turner's syndrome: cytogenetic and molecular studies. |journal=J. Med. Genet. |volume=31 |issue= 8 |pages= 649-51 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7815426 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Ogata T, Yoshizawa A, Muroya K, ''et al.'' |title=Short stature in a girl with partial monosomy of the pseudoautosomal region distal to DXYS15: further evidence for the assignment of the critical region for a pseudoautosomal growth gene(s). |journal=J. Med. Genet. |volume=32 |issue= 10 |pages= 831-4 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8558568 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Rao E, Weiss B, Fukami M, ''et al.'' |title=Pseudoautosomal deletions encompassing a novel homeobox gene cause growth failure in idiopathic short stature and Turner syndrome. |journal=Nat. Genet. |volume=16 |issue= 1 |pages= 54-63 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9140395 |doi= 10.1038/ng0597-54 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Rao E, Weiss B, Fukami M, ''et al.'' |title=FISH-deletion mapping defines a 270-kb short stature critical interval in the pseudoautosomal region PAR1 on human sex chromosomes. |journal=Hum. Genet. |volume=100 |issue= 2 |pages= 236-9 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9254856 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Ellison JW, Wardak Z, Young MF, ''et al.'' |title=PHOG, a candidate gene for involvement in the short stature of Turner syndrome. |journal=Hum. Mol. Genet. |volume=6 |issue= 8 |pages= 1341-7 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9259282 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Belin V, Cusin V, Viot G, ''et al.'' |title=SHOX mutations in dyschondrosteosis (Leri-Weill syndrome). |journal=Nat. Genet. |volume=19 |issue= 1 |pages= 67-9 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9590292 |doi= 10.1038/ng0198-67 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Shears DJ, Vassal HJ, Goodman FR, ''et al.'' |title=Mutation and deletion of the pseudoautosomal gene SHOX cause Leri-Weill dyschondrosteosis. |journal=Nat. Genet. |volume=19 |issue= 1 |pages= 70-3 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9590293 |doi= 10.1038/ng0198-70 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Grigelioniene G, Eklöf O, Ivarsson SA, ''et al.'' |title=Mutations in short stature homeobox containing gene (SHOX) in dyschondrosteosis but not in hypochondroplasia. |journal=Hum. Genet. |volume=107 |issue= 2 |pages= 145-9 |year= 2000 |pmid= 11030412 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Huber C, Cusin V, Le Merrer M, ''et al.'' |title=SHOX point mutations in dyschondrosteosis. |journal=J. Med. Genet. |volume=38 |issue= 5 |pages= 323 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11403039 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Rao E, Blaschke RJ, Marchini A, ''et al.'' |title=The Leri-Weill and Turner syndrome homeobox gene SHOX encodes a cell-type specific transcriptional activator. |journal=Hum. Mol. Genet. |volume=10 |issue= 26 |pages= 3083-91 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11751690 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Ezquieta B, Cueva E, Oliver A, Gracia R |title=SHOX intragenic microsatellite analysis in patients with short stature. |journal=J. Pediatr. Endocrinol. Metab. |volume=15 |issue= 2 |pages= 139-48 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11874178 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Ogata T, Muroya K, Sasaki G, ''et al.'' |title=SHOX nullizygosity and haploinsufficiency in a Japanese family: implication for the development of Turner skeletal features. |journal=J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. |volume=87 |issue= 3 |pages= 1390-4 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11889214 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Rappold GA, Fukami M, Niesler B, ''et al.'' |title=Deletions of the homeobox gene SHOX (short stature homeobox) are an important cause of growth failure in children with short stature. |journal=J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. |volume=87 |issue= 3 |pages= 1402-6 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11889216 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Cormier-Daire V, Huber C, Munnich A |title=Allelic and nonallelic heterogeneity in dyschondrosteosis (Leri-Weill syndrome). |journal=Am. J. Med. Genet. |volume=106 |issue= 4 |pages= 272-4 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11891678 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=May CA, Shone AC, Kalaydjieva L, ''et al.'' |title=Crossover clustering and rapid decay of linkage disequilibrium in the Xp/Yp pseudoautosomal gene SHOX. |journal=Nat. Genet. |volume=31 |issue= 3 |pages= 272-5 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12089524 |doi= 10.1038/ng918 }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
- INFO: Beginning work on SKI... {November 18, 2007 12:15:05 PM PST}
- AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 18, 2007 12:15:40 PM PST}
<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
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<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_SKI_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 1mr1.
| PDB = {{PDB2|1mr1}}, {{PDB2|1sbx}}
| Name = V-ski sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (avian)
| HGNCid = 10896
| Symbol = SKI
| AltSymbols =; SKV
| OMIM = 164780
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 31124
| MGIid = 98310
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_SKI_204270_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003674 |text = molecular_function}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003677 |text = DNA binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005515 |text = protein binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005634 |text = nucleus}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005737 |text = cytoplasm}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0017053 |text = transcriptional repressor complex}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0030154 |text = cell differentiation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0030326 |text = embryonic limb morphogenesis}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 6497
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000157933
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_003027
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_003036
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 1
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 2149994
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 2231418
| Hs_Uniprot = P12755
| Mm_EntrezGene = 20481
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000029050
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = XM_990039
| Mm_RefseqProtein = XP_995133
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 4
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 153999286
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 154066320
| Mm_Uniprot = Q8K0R3
}}
}}
'''V-ski sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (avian)''', also known as '''SKI''', is a human [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: SKI v-ski sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (avian)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=6497| accessdate = }}</ref>
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text =
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Medrano EE |title=Repression of TGF-beta signaling by the oncogenic protein SKI in human melanomas: consequences for proliferation, survival, and metastasis. |journal=Oncogene |volume=22 |issue= 20 |pages= 3123-9 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12793438 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Nomura N, Sasamoto S, Ishii S, ''et al.'' |title=Isolation of human cDNA clones of ski and the ski-related gene, sno. |journal=Nucleic Acids Res. |volume=17 |issue= 14 |pages= 5489-500 |year= 1989 |pmid= 2762147 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Chaganti RS, Balazs I, Jhanwar SC, ''et al.'' |title=The cellular homologue of the transforming gene of SKV avian retrovirus maps to human chromosome region 1q22----q24. |journal=Cytogenet. Cell Genet. |volume=43 |issue= 3-4 |pages= 181-6 |year= 1987 |pmid= 3026737 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Pearson-White S |title=SnoI, a novel alternatively spliced isoform of the ski protooncogene homolog, sno. |journal=Nucleic Acids Res. |volume=21 |issue= 19 |pages= 4632-8 |year= 1993 |pmid= 8233802 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Nagase T, Nomura N, Ishii S |title=Complex formation between proteins encoded by the ski gene family. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=268 |issue= 18 |pages= 13710-6 |year= 1993 |pmid= 8514802 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Tarapore P, Richmond C, Zheng G, ''et al.'' |title=DNA binding and transcriptional activation by the Ski oncoprotein mediated by interaction with NFI. |journal=Nucleic Acids Res. |volume=25 |issue= 19 |pages= 3895-903 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9380514 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Dahl R, Wani B, Hayman MJ |title=The Ski oncoprotein interacts with Skip, the human homolog of Drosophila Bx42. |journal=Oncogene |volume=16 |issue= 12 |pages= 1579-86 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9569025 |doi= 10.1038/sj.onc.1201687 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Cohen SB, Zheng G, Heyman HC, Stavnezer E |title=Heterodimers of the SnoN and Ski oncoproteins form preferentially over homodimers and are more potent transforming agents. |journal=Nucleic Acids Res. |volume=27 |issue= 4 |pages= 1006-14 |year= 1999 |pmid= 9927733 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Luo K, Stroschein SL, Wang W, ''et al.'' |title=The Ski oncoprotein interacts with the Smad proteins to repress TGFbeta signaling. |journal=Genes Dev. |volume=13 |issue= 17 |pages= 2196-206 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10485843 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Sun Y, Liu X, Eaton EN, ''et al.'' |title=Interaction of the Ski oncoprotein with Smad3 regulates TGF-beta signaling. |journal=Mol. Cell |volume=4 |issue= 4 |pages= 499-509 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10549282 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Akiyoshi S, Inoue H, Hanai J, ''et al.'' |title=c-Ski acts as a transcriptional co-repressor in transforming growth factor-beta signaling through interaction with smads. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=274 |issue= 49 |pages= 35269-77 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10575014 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Steffan JS, Kazantsev A, Spasic-Boskovic O, ''et al.'' |title=The Huntington's disease protein interacts with p53 and CREB-binding protein and represses transcription. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=97 |issue= 12 |pages= 6763-8 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10823891 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.100110097 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Khan MM, Nomura T, Kim H, ''et al.'' |title=Role of PML and PML-RARalpha in Mad-mediated transcriptional repression. |journal=Mol. Cell |volume=7 |issue= 6 |pages= 1233-43 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11430826 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Kokura K, Kaul SC, Wadhwa R, ''et al.'' |title=The Ski protein family is required for MeCP2-mediated transcriptional repression. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=276 |issue= 36 |pages= 34115-21 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11441023 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M105747200 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Prathapam T, Kühne C, Hayman M, Banks L |title=Ski interacts with the evolutionarily conserved SNW domain of Skip. |journal=Nucleic Acids Res. |volume=29 |issue= 17 |pages= 3469-76 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11522815 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Reed JA, Bales E, Xu W, ''et al.'' |title=Cytoplasmic localization of the oncogenic protein Ski in human cutaneous melanomas in vivo: functional implications for transforming growth factor beta signaling. |journal=Cancer Res. |volume=61 |issue= 22 |pages= 8074-8 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11719430 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Pessah M, Marais J, Prunier C, ''et al.'' |title=c-Jun associates with the oncoprotein Ski and suppresses Smad2 transcriptional activity. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=277 |issue= 32 |pages= 29094-100 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12034730 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M202831200 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Wu JW, Krawitz AR, Chai J, ''et al.'' |title=Structural mechanism of Smad4 recognition by the nuclear oncoprotein Ski: insights on Ski-mediated repression of TGF-beta signaling. |journal=Cell |volume=111 |issue= 3 |pages= 357-67 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12419246 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Dai P, Shinagawa T, Nomura T, ''et al.'' |title=Ski is involved in transcriptional regulation by the repressor and full-length forms of Gli3. |journal=Genes Dev. |volume=16 |issue= 22 |pages= 2843-8 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12435627 |doi= 10.1101/gad.1017302 }}
*{{cite journal | author=He J, Tegen SB, Krawitz AR, ''et al.'' |title=The transforming activity of Ski and SnoN is dependent on their ability to repress the activity of Smad proteins. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=278 |issue= 33 |pages= 30540-7 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12764135 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M304016200 }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
- INFO: Beginning work on SMAD5... {November 18, 2007 12:03:49 PM PST}
- AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 18, 2007 12:05:33 PM PST}
<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
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<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_SMAD5_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 1khu.
| PDB = {{PDB2|1khu}}
| Name = SMAD family member 5
| HGNCid = 6771
| Symbol = SMAD5
| AltSymbols =; DKFZp781C1895; DKFZp781O1323; Dwfc; JV5-1; MADH5
| OMIM = 603110
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 4313
| MGIid = 1328787
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_SMAD5_205187_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image2 = PBB_GE_SMAD5_205188_s_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003700 |text = transcription factor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005057 |text = receptor signaling protein activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005515 |text = protein binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016563 |text = transcription activator activity}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005622 |text = intracellular}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005634 |text = nucleus}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016021 |text = integral to membrane}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006350 |text = transcription}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006355 |text = regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007165 |text = signal transduction}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007179 |text = transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0009880 |text = embryonic pattern specification}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0030218 |text = erythrocyte differentiation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0030509 |text = BMP signaling pathway}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0045944 |text = positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 4090
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000113658
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_001001419
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_001001419
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 5
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 135496435
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 135546321
| Hs_Uniprot = Q99717
| Mm_EntrezGene = 17129
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000021540
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = XM_001001213
| Mm_RefseqProtein = XP_001001213
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 13
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 56712729
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 56752001
| Mm_Uniprot = Q810W4
}}
}}
'''SMAD family member 5''', also known as '''SMAD5''', is a human [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: SMAD5 SMAD family member 5| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=4090| accessdate = }}</ref>
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text =
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Massagué J |title=TGF-beta signal transduction. |journal=Annu. Rev. Biochem. |volume=67 |issue= |pages= 753-91 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9759503 |doi= 10.1146/annurev.biochem.67.1.753 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Verschueren K, Huylebroeck D |title=Remarkable versatility of Smad proteins in the nucleus of transforming growth factor-beta activated cells. |journal=Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. |volume=10 |issue= 3-4 |pages= 187-99 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10647776 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Wrana JL, Attisano L |title=The Smad pathway. |journal=Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. |volume=11 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 5-13 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10708948 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Miyazono K |title=TGF-beta signaling by Smad proteins. |journal=Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. |volume=11 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 15-22 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10708949 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Attisano L, Silvestri C, Izzi L, Labbé E |title=The transcriptional role of Smads and FAST (FoxH1) in TGFbeta and activin signalling. |journal=Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. |volume=180 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 3-11 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11451566 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Chang H, Lau AL, Matzuk MM |title=Studying TGF-beta superfamily signaling by knockouts and knockins. |journal=Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. |volume=180 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 39-46 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11451570 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Riggins GJ, Thiagalingam S, Rozenblum E, ''et al.'' |title=Mad-related genes in the human. |journal=Nat. Genet. |volume=13 |issue= 3 |pages= 347-9 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8673135 |doi= 10.1038/ng0796-347 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Zavadil J, Brezinová J, Svoboda P, ''et al.'' |title=Smad5, a tumor suppressor candidate at 5q31.1, is hemizygously lost and not mutated in the retained allele in human leukemia cell line HL60. |journal=Leukemia |volume=11 |issue= 8 |pages= 1187-92 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9264367 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Hejlik DP, Kottickal LV, Liang H, ''et al.'' |title=Localization of SMAD5 and its evaluation as a candidate myeloid tumor suppressor. |journal=Cancer Res. |volume=57 |issue= 17 |pages= 3779-83 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9288787 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Nishimura R, Kato Y, Chen D, ''et al.'' |title=Smad5 and DPC4 are key molecules in mediating BMP-2-induced osteoblastic differentiation of the pluripotent mesenchymal precursor cell line C2C12. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=273 |issue= 4 |pages= 1872-9 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9442019 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Gemma A, Hagiwara K, Vincent F, ''et al.'' |title=hSmad5 gene, a human hSmad family member: its full length cDNA, genomic structure, promoter region and mutation analysis in human tumors. |journal=Oncogene |volume=16 |issue= 7 |pages= 951-6 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9484787 |doi= 10.1038/sj.onc.1201614 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Macías-Silva M, Hoodless PA, Tang SJ, ''et al.'' |title=Specific activation of Smad1 signaling pathways by the BMP7 type I receptor, ALK2. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=273 |issue= 40 |pages= 25628-36 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9748228 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Zavadil J, Svoboda P, Liang H, ''et al.'' |title=An antisense transcript to SMAD5 expressed in fetal and tumor tissues. |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=255 |issue= 3 |pages= 668-72 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10049768 |doi= 10.1006/bbrc.1999.0256 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Verschueren K, Remacle JE, Collart C, ''et al.'' |title=SIP1, a novel zinc finger/homeodomain repressor, interacts with Smad proteins and binds to 5'-CACCT sequences in candidate target genes. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=274 |issue= 29 |pages= 20489-98 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10400677 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Ebisawa T, Tada K, Kitajima I, ''et al.'' |title=Characterization of bone morphogenetic protein-6 signaling pathways in osteoblast differentiation. |journal=J. Cell. Sci. |volume=112 ( Pt 20) |issue= |pages= 3519-27 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10504300 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Nishita M, Ueno N, Shibuya H |title=Smad8B, a Smad8 splice variant lacking the SSXS site that inhibits Smad8-mediated signalling. |journal=Genes Cells |volume=4 |issue= 10 |pages= 583-91 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10583507 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Pardali E, Xie XQ, Tsapogas P, ''et al.'' |title=Smad and AML proteins synergistically confer transforming growth factor beta1 responsiveness to human germ-line IgA genes. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=275 |issue= 5 |pages= 3552-60 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10652350 |doi= }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
- INFO: Beginning work on SST... {November 18, 2007 12:16:10 PM PST}
- AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 18, 2007 12:16:37 PM PST}
<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}
<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =
| Name = Somatostatin
| HGNCid = 11329
| Symbol = SST
| AltSymbols =; SMST
| OMIM = 182450
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 819
| MGIid = 98326
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_SST_213921_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005179 |text = hormone activity}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005576 |text = extracellular region}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005615 |text = extracellular space}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007186 |text = G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007268 |text = synaptic transmission}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007584 |text = response to nutrient}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007586 |text = digestion}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008285 |text = negative regulation of cell proliferation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008628 |text = induction of apoptosis by hormones}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0030334 |text = regulation of cell migration}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 6750
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000157005
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_001039
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_001048
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 3
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 188869399
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 188870895
| Hs_Uniprot = P61278
| Mm_EntrezGene = 20604
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000004366
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_009215
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_033241
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 16
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 23804930
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 23806193
| Mm_Uniprot = Q545V6
}}
}}
'''Somatostatin''', also known as '''SST''', is a human [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: SST somatostatin| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=6750| accessdate = }}</ref>
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = The hormone somatostatin has active 14 aa and 28 aa forms that are produced by alternate cleavage of the single preproprotein encoded by this gene. Somatostatin is expressed throughout the body and inhibits the release of numerous secondary hormones by binding to high-affinity G-protein-coupled somatostatin receptors. This hormone is an important regulator of the endocrine system through its interactions with pituitary growth hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, and most hormones of the gastrointestinal tract. Somatostatin also affects rates of neurotransmission in the central nervous system and proliferation of both normal and tumorigenic cells.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: SST somatostatin| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=6750| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Florio T, Schettini G |title=[Somatostatin and its receptors. Role in the control of cell proliferation] |journal=Minerva Endocrinol. |volume=26 |issue= 3 |pages= 91-102 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11753230 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Yamada Y, Reisine T, Law SF, ''et al.'' |title=Somatostatin receptors, an expanding gene family: cloning and functional characterization of human SSTR3, a protein coupled to adenylyl cyclase. |journal=Mol. Endocrinol. |volume=6 |issue= 12 |pages= 2136-42 |year= 1993 |pmid= 1337145 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Yamada Y, Post SR, Wang K, ''et al.'' |title=Cloning and functional characterization of a family of human and mouse somatostatin receptors expressed in brain, gastrointestinal tract, and kidney. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=89 |issue= 1 |pages= 251-5 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1346068 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Brazeau P, Vale W, Burgus R, ''et al.'' |title=Hypothalamic polypeptide that inhibits the secretion of immunoreactive pituitary growth hormone. |journal=Science |volume=179 |issue= 68 |pages= 77-9 |year= 1973 |pmid= 4682131 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Shen LP, Pictet RL, Rutter WJ |title=Human somatostatin I: sequence of the cDNA. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=79 |issue= 15 |pages= 4575-9 |year= 1982 |pmid= 6126875 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Shen LP, Rutter WJ |title=Sequence of the human somatostatin I gene. |journal=Science |volume=224 |issue= 4645 |pages= 168-71 |year= 1984 |pmid= 6142531 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Montminy MR, Goodman RH, Horovitch SJ, Habener JF |title=Primary structure of the gene encoding rat preprosomatostatin. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=81 |issue= 11 |pages= 3337-40 |year= 1984 |pmid= 6145156 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Zabel BU, Naylor SL, Sakaguchi AY, ''et al.'' |title=High-resolution chromosomal localization of human genes for amylase, proopiomelanocortin, somatostatin, and a DNA fragment (D3S1) by in situ hybridization. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=80 |issue= 22 |pages= 6932-6 |year= 1984 |pmid= 6196780 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Panetta R, Greenwood MT, Warszynska A, ''et al.'' |title=Molecular cloning, functional characterization, and chromosomal localization of a human somatostatin receptor (somatostatin receptor type 5) with preferential affinity for somatostatin-28. |journal=Mol. Pharmacol. |volume=45 |issue= 3 |pages= 417-27 |year= 1994 |pmid= 7908405 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Demchyshyn LL, Srikant CB, Sunahara RK, ''et al.'' |title=Cloning and expression of a human somatostatin-14-selective receptor variant (somatostatin receptor 4) located on chromosome 20. |journal=Mol. Pharmacol. |volume=43 |issue= 6 |pages= 894-901 |year= 1993 |pmid= 8100352 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Kaupmann K, Bruns C, Hoyer D, ''et al.'' |title=Distribution and second messenger coupling of four somatostatin receptor subtypes expressed in brain. |journal=FEBS Lett. |volume=331 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 53-9 |year= 1993 |pmid= 8405411 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Aguila MC, Rodriguez AM, Aguila-Mansilla HN, Lee WT |title=Somatostatin antisense oligodeoxynucleotide-mediated stimulation of lymphocyte proliferation in culture. |journal=Endocrinology |volume=137 |issue= 5 |pages= 1585-90 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8612489 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Sharma K, Patel YC, Srikant CB |title=Subtype-selective induction of wild-type p53 and apoptosis, but not cell cycle arrest, by human somatostatin receptor 3. |journal=Mol. Endocrinol. |volume=10 |issue= 12 |pages= 1688-96 |year= 1997 |pmid= 8961277 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Dournaud P, Boudin H, Schonbrunn A, ''et al.'' |title=Interrelationships between somatostatin sst2A receptors and somatostatin-containing axons in rat brain: evidence for regulation of cell surface receptors by endogenous somatostatin. |journal=J. Neurosci. |volume=18 |issue= 3 |pages= 1056-71 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9437026 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Barnea A, Roberts J, Ho RH |title=Evidence for a synergistic effect of the HIV-1 envelope protein gp120 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) leading to enhanced expression of somatostatin neurons in aggregate cultures derived from the human fetal cortex. |journal=Brain Res. |volume=815 |issue= 2 |pages= 349-57 |year= 1999 |pmid= 9878821 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Ferone D, van Hagen PM, van Koetsveld PM, ''et al.'' |title=In vitro characterization of somatostatin receptors in the human thymus and effects of somatostatin and octreotide on cultured thymic epithelial cells. |journal=Endocrinology |volume=140 |issue= 1 |pages= 373-80 |year= 1999 |pmid= 9886848 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Brakch N, Lazar N, Panchal M, ''et al.'' |title=The somatostatin-28(1-12)-NPAMAP sequence: an essential helical-promoting motif governing prosomatostatin processing at mono- and dibasic sites. |journal=Biochemistry |volume=41 |issue= 5 |pages= 1630-9 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11814357 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Oomen SP, van Hennik PB, Antonissen C, ''et al.'' |title=Somatostatin is a selective chemoattractant for primitive (CD34(+)) hematopoietic progenitor cells. |journal=Exp. Hematol. |volume=30 |issue= 2 |pages= 116-25 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11823046 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Simonetti M, Di BC |title=Structural motifs in the maturation process of peptide hormones. The somatostatin precursor. I. A CD conformational study. |journal=J. Pept. Sci. |volume=8 |issue= 2 |pages= 66-79 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11860030 |doi= 10.1002/psc.370 }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
- INFO: Beginning work on SUPT5H... {November 18, 2007 12:16:37 PM PST}
- SEARCH REDIRECT: Control Box Found: SUPT5H {November 18, 2007 12:17:25 PM PST}
- UPDATE PROTEIN BOX: Updating Protein Box, No errors. {November 18, 2007 12:17:26 PM PST}
- UPDATE SUMMARY: Updating Summary, No Errors. {November 18, 2007 12:17:26 PM PST}
- UPDATE CITATIONS: Updating Citations, No Errors. {November 18, 2007 12:17:26 PM PST}
- UPDATED: Updated protein page: SUPT5H {November 18, 2007 12:17:33 PM PST}
- INFO: Beginning work on TCEB1... {November 18, 2007 12:17:34 PM PST}
- SEARCH REDIRECT: Control Box Found: TCEB1 {November 18, 2007 12:18:01 PM PST}
- UPDATE PROTEIN BOX: Updating Protein Box, No errors. {November 18, 2007 12:18:02 PM PST}
- UPDATE SUMMARY: Updating Summary, No Errors. {November 18, 2007 12:18:02 PM PST}
- UPDATE CITATIONS: Updating Citations, No Errors. {November 18, 2007 12:18:02 PM PST}
- UPDATED: Updated protein page: TCEB1 {November 18, 2007 12:18:09 PM PST}
- INFO: Beginning work on TRIM21... {November 18, 2007 12:15:40 PM PST}
- AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 18, 2007 12:16:10 PM PST}
<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}
<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_TRIM21_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 2iwg.
| PDB = {{PDB2|2iwg}}
| Name = Tripartite motif-containing 21
| HGNCid = 11312
| Symbol = TRIM21
| AltSymbols =; SSA; RNF81; RO52; SSA1
| OMIM = 109092
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 2365
| MGIid = 106657
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_TRIM21_204804_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003677 |text = DNA binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003723 |text = RNA binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005515 |text = protein binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008270 |text = zinc ion binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0046872 |text = metal ion binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005622 |text = intracellular}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005737 |text = cytoplasm}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0030529 |text = ribonucleoprotein complex}}
| Process =
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 6737
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000132109
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_003132
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_003141
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 11
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 4362734
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 4371502
| Hs_Uniprot = P19474
| Mm_EntrezGene = 20821
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000030966
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = XM_991802
| Mm_RefseqProtein = XP_996896
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 7
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 102432657
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 102439262
| Mm_Uniprot = Q3U7K7
}}
}}
'''Tripartite motif-containing 21''', also known as '''TRIM21''', is a human [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: TRIM21 tripartite motif-containing 21| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=6737| accessdate = }}</ref>
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = This gene encodes a member of the tripartite motif (TRIM) family. The TRIM motif includes three zinc-binding domains, a RING, a B-box type 1 and a B-box type 2, and a coiled-coil region. The encoded protein is part of the RoSSA ribonucleoprotein, which includes a single polypeptide and one of four small RNA molecules. The RoSSA particle localizes to both the cytoplasm and the nucleus. RoSSA interacts with autoantigens in patients with Sjogren syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus. Alternatively spliced transcript variants for this gene have been described but the full-length nature of only one has been determined.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: TRIM21 tripartite motif-containing 21| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=6737| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Jones SK |title=Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) induces cell-surface Ro/SSA antigen expression by human keratinocytes in vitro: a possible mechanism for the UVR induction of cutaneous lupus lesions. |journal=Br. J. Dermatol. |volume=126 |issue= 6 |pages= 546-53 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1610705 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Itoh K, Itoh Y, Frank MB |title=Protein heterogeneity in the human Ro/SSA ribonucleoproteins. The 52- and 60-kD Ro/SSA autoantigens are encoded by separate genes. |journal=J. Clin. Invest. |volume=87 |issue= 1 |pages= 177-86 |year= 1991 |pmid= 1985094 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Chan EK, Hamel JC, Buyon JP, Tan EM |title=Molecular definition and sequence motifs of the 52-kD component of human SS-A/Ro autoantigen. |journal=J. Clin. Invest. |volume=87 |issue= 1 |pages= 68-76 |year= 1991 |pmid= 1985112 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Miyagawa S, Okada N, Inagaki Y, ''et al.'' |title=SSA/Ro antigen expression in simian virus 40-transformed human keratinocytes. |journal=J. Invest. Dermatol. |volume=90 |issue= 3 |pages= 342-5 |year= 1988 |pmid= 2450143 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Chan EK, Di Donato F, Hamel JC, ''et al.'' |title=52-kD SS-A/Ro: genomic structure and identification of an alternatively spliced transcript encoding a novel leucine zipper-minus autoantigen expressed in fetal and adult heart. |journal=J. Exp. Med. |volume=182 |issue= 4 |pages= 983-92 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7561701 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Tsugu H, Horowitz R, Gibson N, Frank MB |title=The location of a disease-associated polymorphism and genomic structure of the human 52-kDa Ro/SSA locus (SSA1). |journal=Genomics |volume=24 |issue= 3 |pages= 541-8 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7713506 |doi= 10.1006/geno.1994.1664 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Frank MB, McCubbin VR, Heldermon C |title=Expression and DNA binding of the human 52 kDa Ro/SSA autoantigen. |journal=Biochem. J. |volume=305 ( Pt 2) |issue= |pages= 359-62 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7832745 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Frank MB, Itoh K, Fujisaku A, ''et al.'' |title=The mapping of the human 52-kD Ro/SSA autoantigen gene to human chromosome 11, and its polymorphisms. |journal=Am. J. Hum. Genet. |volume=52 |issue= 1 |pages= 183-91 |year= 1993 |pmid= 8094596 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Maruyama K, Sugano S |title=Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides. |journal=Gene |volume=138 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 171-4 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8125298 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Keech CL, Gordon TP, McCluskey J |title=Structural differences between the human and mouse 52-kD Ro autoantigens associated with poorly conserved autoantibody activity across species. |journal=Clin. Exp. Immunol. |volume=104 |issue= 2 |pages= 255-63 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8625517 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Igarashi T, Itoh Y, Fukunaga Y, Yamamoto M |title=Stress-induced cell surface expression and antigenic alteration of the Ro/SSA autoantigen. |journal=Autoimmunity |volume=22 |issue= 1 |pages= 33-42 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8882420 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, ''et al.'' |title=Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library. |journal=Gene |volume=200 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 149-56 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9373149 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Bepler G, O'briant KC, Kim YC, ''et al.'' |title=A 1.4-Mb high-resolution physical map and contig of chromosome segment 11p15.5 and genes in the LOH11A metastasis suppressor region. |journal=Genomics |volume=55 |issue= 2 |pages= 164-75 |year= 1999 |pmid= 9933563 |doi= 10.1006/geno.1998.5659 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Tseng CE, Miranda E, Di Donato F, ''et al.'' |title=mRNA and protein expression of SSA/Ro and SSB/La in human fetal cardiac myocytes cultured using a novel application of the Langendorff procedure. |journal=Pediatr. Res. |volume=45 |issue= 2 |pages= 260-9 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10022600 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Fabini G, Rutjes SA, Zimmermann C, ''et al.'' |title=Analysis of the molecular composition of Ro ribonucleoprotein complexes. Identification of novel Y RNA-binding proteins. |journal=Eur. J. Biochem. |volume=267 |issue= 9 |pages= 2778-89 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10785401 |doi= }}
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}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
end log.
