Urie Bronfenbrenner (April 29, 1917 – September 25, 2005) was a Russian-born American psychologist best known for developing a contextual framework for studying human development [1]. This framework was formalized in an article published in American Psychologist [2], articulated in a series of propositions and hypotheses in his most cited book The Ecology of Human Development [3] and further articulated in The Bioecological Model of Human Development [4] and later writings. He argued that natural experiments, including applied research and policy provided valuable scientific opportunities [2] and was instrumental in the design of the US Head Start program in 1965.[5] Bronfenbrenner's writings about the limitations of understanding child development solely from experimental laboratory research and the potential for using contextual variability to provide insight into developmental processes [3] was important in changing the focus of developmental psychology.[5]
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- ^ Ceci, Stephen J. (2006). "Urie Bronfenbrenner (1917-2005)". American Psychologist. 61 (2): 173–174. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.61.2.173. ISSN 1935-990X.
- ^ a b Bronfenbrenner, Urie (1977). "Toward an experimental ecology of human development". American Psychologist. 32 (7): 513–531. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.32.7.513. ISSN 1935-990X.
- ^ a b Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979).The ecology of human development. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
- ^ Bronfenbrenner, Urie; Morris, Pamela A. (2007-06-01), Damon, William; Lerner, Richard M. (eds.), "The Bioecological Model of Human Development", Handbook of Child Psychology, Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., pp. chpsy0114, doi:10.1002/9780470147658.chpsy0114, ISBN 978-0-470-14765-8, retrieved 2023-04-03
- ^ a b "Urie Bronfenbrenner, 88; Co-founder of Head Start Urged Closer Family Ties". Los Angeles Times. 27 September 2005. Retrieved 2013-10-06.