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United States World War II GDP (compared to other countries)

The United States had the highest amount of gross domestic product out of a total of six empires during World War II, including the British empire, French empire, the Soviet Union, the German Reich, Italian empire, and finally the Japanese empire. Through the years of 1938 and 1945 each year you can see a rise in GDP of almost double the amount of other countries. Most stats were measured in the 800s through thousands, while other empires only had numbers ranging from 200-400.

Gross domestic product GDP provides insight into the relative strength of the belligerents in the run up to, and during the conflict.

Gross domestic product

Country	1938	1939	1940	1941	1942	1943	1944	1945
United Kingdom	284	287	316	344	353	361	346	331
Dominions	115
Colonies	285
British Empire	684	687	716	744	753	761	746	731
France	186	199	82	130	116	110	93	101
Colonies	49
French Empire	235	248	131	179	165	159	142	150
Soviet Union	359	366	417	359	274	305	362	343
Occupied
Soviet Union Total	359	366	417	359	274	305	362	343
United States	800	869	943	1094	1235	1399	1499	1474
Colonies	24
United States Total	824	893	968	1118	1259	1423	1523	1498
German Reich	351	384	387	412	417	426	437	310
Occupied		77	430	733	733	430	244
German Reich Total	351	461	817	1145	1150	856	681	310
Italy	141	151	147	144	145	137	117	92
Colonies	3
Occupied			20	20	20	20
Italian Empire	144	154	170	167	168	160	140	115
Japan	169	184	192	196	197	194	189	144
Colonies	63
Occupied
Japanese Empire	232	247	255	259	260	257	252	207
Romania	24
Hungary	24
Bulgaria	10
Albania	1

Romanian, Hungarian, Bulgarian and Albanian GDP calculated by multiplying the GDP per capita of the four countries in 1938 ($1,242 for Romania, $2,655 for Hungary, $1,595 for Bulgaria and over $900 for Albania) by their estimated populations in 1938: 19,750,000 for Romania, 9,082,400 for Hungary, 6,380,000 for Bulgaria and 1,040,400 for Albania.

Table notes

1. France to Axis: 1940:50% (light green), 1941-44:100% (brown)
2. USSR to Allies: 1941:44% (light green), 1942-1945:100%.
3. US direct support to the Allies begins with Lend Lease in March 1941, though the US made it possible for the Allies to purchase US-produced materiel from 1939
4. Italy to Allies and Axis: 1938:0%, 1939-1943:100% Axis (brown), 1944-1945:100% Allies
5. Japanese to Axis begins with Tripartite Pact in 1940
6. The Allied and Axis totals are not the immediate sum of the table values; see the distribution rules used above.

This table shows the positive relationship between the percentage of federal spending and the percentage of GDP. The higher the percentage of federal spending results in higher GDP percentages. These are the statistics from 1940, just the beginning of the war. By the end of World War II federal spending almost tripled while percentages of GDP increased as well, according to Louis Johnston and Samuel H Williamson from the Economic History Association.

Nominal GDP Federal Spending Defense Spending Year total $ % increase total $ % increase % of GDP total $ % increase % of GDP % of federal spending 1940 101.4 9.47 9.34% 1.66 1.64% 17.53% 1941 120.67 19.00% 13.00 37.28% 10.77% 6.13 269.28% 5.08% 47.15% 1942 139.06 15.24% 30.18 132.15% 21.70% 22.05 259.71% 15.86% 73.06% 1943 136.44 -1.88% 63.57 110.64% 46.59% 43.98 99.46% 32.23% 69.18% 1944 174.84 28.14% 72.62 14.24% 41.54% 62.95 43.13% 36.00% 86.68% 1945 173.52 -0.75% 72.11 -0.70% 41.56% 64.53 2.51% 37.19% 89.49%

GDP

• GDP is important for measuring how well a countries economy is doing. Looking at federal government spending, consumer supply and demand helps determine this percentage as well.

GDP during World War II

• Debt and higher taxes led to GDP growth percentages over 17%. This trend continued throughout the war and stopped increasing after the war ended. For the United States, government spending was used as a positive indicator of GDP growth. However the high rates of government only was beneficial for a short period of time, a trend that can be seen in most wars.
• Before World War II government spending in 1941 represented 30% of GDP, or about $408 billion dollars. in 1944 at the peak of World War II, government spending had risen to over $1.6 trillion about 79% of the GDP. During this three year period the total GDP represented by government spending rose 394%.

Unemployment During World War II

• During World War II Unemployment by 1945 had fallen to 1.9% from 14.6% in 1940. 20% of the population during the the war was employed within the armed forces.

Price of War

Many concerns and political influence come from the price of war. While GDP can easily increase Federal expenditures, it also can influence political elections and government decision making. No matter how much percentages of GDP increase or decrease we need higher amounts of GDP in order to pay for more investments, one of those investments being more wars. To pay for these wars, taxes are held at a very high rate. For example, by the end of World War II tax rates went from 1.5% to 15%. Along with tax percentages reaching high amounts, spending on non-defense programs were cut in half during the period of World War II. Tax cuts allow one to see GDP in effect for the average American. Still, almost ten years after World War II, in 1950 and 1951 congress raised taxes close to 4% in order to pay for the Korean War. After the Korean War, in 1968 taxes again were raised 10% to pay for the Vietnam War. This caused GDP to raise 1%. Although research can support positive relationship between production and jobs with GDP, research can also show the negative relationship with tax increases and GDP.  Kwhite86 (talk) 17:19, 26 October 2017 (UTC)