Clinical data | |||
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Trade names | Talwin, others | ||
Other names | Pentazocine hydrochloride, pentazocine lactate | ||
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph | ||
Pregnancy category |
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Routes of administration | By mouth, IV, IM | ||
Drug class | Opioid[1] | ||
Legal status | |||
Legal status |
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Pharmacokinetic data | |||
Bioavailability | ~20% by mouth | ||
Metabolism | Liver | ||
Onset of action | By mouth: 15 min[2] | ||
Elimination half-life | 2 to 3 hours | ||
Duration of action | At least 3 hrs[1] | ||
Excretion | Kidney | ||
Identifiers | |||
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Chemical and physical data | |||
Formula | C19H27NO | ||
Molar mass | 285.431 g·mol−1 | ||
3D model (JSmol) | |||
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Pentazocine, sold under the brand name Talwin among others, is a opioid used to treat moderate to severe pain.[1] It may be taken by mouth or used by injection.[1] Onset of effects begin with 30 min when taken by mouth and last for more than 3 hours.[1] It is generally a less preferred medication.[3]
Common side effects include dizziness, felling high, sleepiness, and nausea.[1] Other side effects may include seizures, abuse, insufficient breathing (respiratory depression), serotonin syndrome, and adrenal insufficiency.[1] It should not be used in people with opioid dependence as may precipitate opioid withdrawal.[3] It is a partial agonist of the opioid receptor.[1]
Pentazocine was patented in 1960 and approved for medical use in 1964.[4] It is available as a generic medication.[3] In the United States 120 tablets of 50 mg costs about 80 USD as of 2021.[5] This amount in the United Kingdom costs the NHS about £12o.[3] The tables come combined with naloxone to try to decrease misuse.[1]
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "Pentazocine Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 23 February 2021. Retrieved 27 October 2021.
- ^ Stitzel RE (2004). Modern pharmacology with clinical applications (6th ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 325. ISBN 9780781737623. Archived from the original on 2021-10-21. Retrieved 2021-10-04.
- ^ a b c d BNF 81: March-September 2021. BMJ Group and the Pharmaceutical Press. 2021. p. 489. ISBN 978-0857114105.
- ^ Fischer J, Ganellin CR (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 527. ISBN 9783527607495. Archived from the original on 2021-08-29. Retrieved 2021-10-04.
- ^ "Pentazocine / Naloxone Prices, Coupons & Savings Tips - GoodRx". GoodRx. Archived from the original on 14 June 2016. Retrieved 27 October 2021.