| Patellofemoral pain syndrome | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Patellar overload syndrome, runner's knee,[1] retropatellar pain syndrome[1] |
 | |
| Diagram of the bones of the lower extremity. Rough distribution of areas affected by PFPS highlighted in red: patella and distal femur. | |
| Specialty | Orthopedics, sports medicine |
| Symptoms | Pain in the front of the knee[1] |
| Usual onset | Gradual[2] |
| Causes | Unclear[1] |
| Risk factors | Trauma, increased training, weak quadriceps muscle[1] |
| Diagnostic method | Based on symptoms and examination[3] |
| Differential diagnosis | Patellar tendinopathy, infrapatellar bursitis, infrapatellar fat pad syndrome, chondromalacia patellae[2] |
| Treatment | Rest, physical therapy[3] |
| Prognosis | May last for years[3] |
| Frequency | Relatively common[2] |
Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS), also known as runner's knee, is knee pain as a result of problems between the kneecap and the femur.[4] The pain is generally in the front of the knee and comes on gradually.[2][4] Pain may worsen with sitting, excessive use, or climbing and descending stairs.[1]
While the exact cause is unclear, it is believed to be due to overuse.[1][2] Risk factors include trauma, increased training, and a weak quadriceps muscle.[1] It is particularly common among runners.[3] The diagnosis is generally based on the symptoms and examination.[3] If pushing the kneecap into the femur increases the pain, the diagnosis is more likely.[1][3]
Treatment typically involves rest and physical therapy.[3] Runners may need to switch to activities such as cycling or swimming.[3] Insoles may help some people.[3] Symptoms may last for years despite treatment.[3] Patellofemoral pain syndrome is the most common cause of knee pain, affecting more than 20% of young adults.[1][2] It occurs about 2.5 times more often in females than males.[2]
References edit
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Ferri, Fred F. (2016). Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2017 E-Book: 5 Books in 1. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 936.e6. ISBN 9780323448383. Archived from the original on 2020-07-01. Retrieved 2020-06-03.
- ^ a b c d e f g Dutton, RA; Khadavi, MJ; Fredericson, M (February 2016). "Patellofemoral Pain". Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America. 27 (1): 31–52. doi:10.1016/j.pmr.2015.08.002. PMID 26616176.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Dixit S, DiFiori JP, Burton M, Mines B (January 2007). "Management of patellofemoral pain syndrome". American Family Physician. 75 (2): 194–202. PMID 17263214. Archived from the original on 2019-08-09. Retrieved 2014-09-26.
- ^ a b Callaghan MJ, Selfe J (April 2012). "Patellar taping for patellofemoral pain syndrome in adults". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 4 (4): CD006717. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006717.pub2. PMID 22513943.