| Medullary sponge kidney | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Cacchi–Ricci disease, precalyceal canalicular ectasia[1] |
 | |
| Medullary sponge as seen on an intravenous pyelogram | |
| Specialty | Urology |
| Symptoms | Burning with urination, blood in the urine, flank pain[2] |
| Complications | Urinary tract infections, kidney stones[2] |
| Usual onset | Present at birth[2] |
| Causes | Unclear[2] |
| Diagnostic method | Medical imaging[2] |
| Treatment | Managing UTIs and kidney stones[2] |
| Frequency | 1 in 5,000 people[2] |
Medullary sponge kidney is a birth defect characterized by small cysts in the inner part of the kidneys.[2] Onset of symptoms; however, does not generally occur until late childhood or early adulthood.[2] Symptoms may include those or a urinary tract infection (UTI) such as burning with urination or kidney stone such as flank pain and blood in the urine.[2] Kidney failure is rare.[2]
The cause is unclear.[2] Most cases do not appear to be inherited from a persons parents.[2] The underlying mechanism involves dilation of the collecting ducts and tubules in the renal pyramids.[3] One or both kidneys may be involved.[2] Diagnosis may be supported by medical imaging.[2]
There is no cure.[2] Treatment involves addressing UTIs and kidney stones.[2] Long term antibiotics may be used to prevent infections.[2] Frequency of kidneys stones may be decreased with with potassium citrate or HCTZ.[2] Drinking plenty of fluids may also help.[2]
About 1 in 5,000 people are affected.[2] Up to 20% of people who develop calcium-based kidney stones have the condition.[2] Women are generally more severely affected than men.[2] It was first described in 1908 by Beitzke.[1]
References
edit- ^ a b Wein, Alan J.; Kavoussi, Louis R.; Novick, Andrew C.; Partin, Alan W.; Peters, Craig A. (2011). Campbell-Walsh Urology. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 34. ISBN 978-1-4557-2298-3. Archived from the original on 2021-05-17. Retrieved 2021-01-24.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w "Medullary Sponge Kidney | NIDDK". National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Archived from the original on 9 January 2021. Retrieved 24 January 2021.
- ^ Gardner, K. D.; Bernstein, J. (2012). The Cystic Kidney. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 378. ISBN 978-94-009-0457-6. Archived from the original on 2021-05-17. Retrieved 2021-01-24.