User:Mr. Ibrahem/Leflunomide

Mr. Ibrahem/Leflunomide
Clinical data
Trade names	Arava, Lefumide, Arabloc, others
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
MedlinePlus	a600032
License data	EU EMA: by INN; US FDA: Leflunomide;
Pregnancy; category	AU: X (High risk); ;
Routes of; administration	By mouth (tablets)
Legal status
Legal status	AU: S4 (Prescription only); CA: ℞-only; UK: POM (Prescription only); US: ℞-only; EU: Rx-only;
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	80%
Protein binding	>99%
Metabolism	GI mucosa and liver
Onset of action	Within 6 wks
Elimination half-life	14–18 days
Excretion	Faeces (48%), urine (43%)
Identifiers
	IUPAC name 5-methyl-N-[4-(trifluoromethyl) phenyl]-isoxazole-4-carboxamide;
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C12H9F3N2O2
Molar mass	270.211 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES O=C(Nc1ccc(cc1)C(F)(F)F)c2c(onc2)C;
	InChI InChI=1S/C12H9F3N2O2/c1-7-10(6-16-19-7)11(18)17-9-4-2-8(3-5-9)12(13,14)15/h2-6H,1H3,(H,17,18) ; Key:VHOGYURTWQBHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
	(verify)

Leflunomide, sold under the brand name Arava among others, is a medication used to treat rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis and to prevent rejection following organ transplantation.^[3]^[2] It is taken by mouth.^[3] Onset is generally within 6 weeks.^[2]

Common side effects include diarrhea, liver inflammation, hair loss, and rash.^[3] Other side effects may include infections, low platelets, low white blood cells, and cancer.^[3] Use during pregnancy may harm the baby.^[3] It is an disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) and immunosuppressant.^[3]^[2] It works by blocking dihydroorotate dehydrogenase which decreases lymphocytes.^[2]

Leflunomide was approved for medical use in the United States in 1998 and Europe in 1999.^[3]^[2] It is available as a generic medication.^[4] In the United Kingdom it costs the NHS about £5 as of 2021.^[4] In the United States this amount costs about 100 USD.^[5]

References edit

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e "Arava (leflunomide) dosing, indications, interactions, adverse effects, and more". Medscape Reference. WebMD. Archived from the original on 31 May 2019. Retrieved 11 March 2014.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h "Arava". Archived from the original on 30 March 2021. Retrieved 21 November 2021.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ "Leflunomide Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 2021-04-04. Retrieved 2021-11-21.
^ ^a ^b BNF 81: March-September 2021. BMJ Group and the Pharmaceutical Press. 2021. p. 1146. ISBN 978-0857114105.
^ "Leflunomide Prices, Coupons & Patient Assistance Programs". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 6 March 2021. Retrieved 21 November 2021.

[MSR-1] "Arava (leflunomide) dosing, indications, interactions, adverse effects, and more". Medscape Reference. WebMD. Archived from the original on 31 May 2019. Retrieved 11 March 2014.

[EPAR2021-2] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h "Arava". Archived from the original on 30 March 2021. Retrieved 21 November 2021.

[AHFS2021-3] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ "Leflunomide Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 2021-04-04. Retrieved 2021-11-21.

[BNF81-4] BNF 81: March-September 2021. BMJ Group and the Pharmaceutical Press. 2021. p. 1146. ISBN 978-0857114105.

[5] "Leflunomide Prices, Coupons & Patient Assistance Programs". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 6 March 2021. Retrieved 21 November 2021.

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