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User:Mr. Ibrahem/Fexofenadine

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Mr. Ibrahem/Fexofenadine
Skeletal formula of fexofenadine
Ball-and-stick model of fexofenadine
Clinical data
Trade namesAllegra, FX 24, others[1]
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa697035
License data
Pregnancy
category
Routes of
administration		By mouth
Legal status
Legal status
  • AU: S2 (Pharmacy medicine)
  • BR: OTC (Over the counter)
  • CA: OTC
  • UK: POM (Prescription only)[3]
  • US: OTC / Rx-only
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability30-41%[4]
Protein binding60-70%[5]
MetabolismLiver (≤5% of dose)[5]
Onset of action< 3 hrs[6]
Elimination half-life14.4 hours
Duration of action12 hrs[6]
ExcretionFeces (~80%) and urine (~10%) as unchanged drug[5]
Identifiers
  • (±)-4-[1-Hydroxy-4-[4-(hydroxydiphenylmethyl)-1-piperidinyl]-butyl]-α, α-dimethyl benzeneacetic acid
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC32H39NO4
Molar mass501.667 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
ChiralityRacemic mixture
  • O=C(O)C(c1ccc(cc1)C(O)CCCN2CCC(CC2)C(O)(c3ccccc3)c4ccccc4)(C)C
  • InChI=1S/C32H39NO4/c1-31(2,30(35)36)25-17-15-24(16-18-25) 29(34)14-9-21-33-22-19-28(20-23-33)32(37, 26-10-5-3-6-11-26)27-12-7-4-8-13-27/h3-8, 10-13,15-18,28-29,34,37H,9,14,19-23H2,1-2H3,(H,35,36) ☒N
  • Key:RWTNPBWLLIMQHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
 ☒NcheckY (what is this?)  (verify)

Fexofenadine, sold under the brand name Allegra among others, is an antihistamine medication used to treat allergy symptoms, such as hay fever and urticaria.[7][8] It is taken by mouth.[6] Effects generally occur within 3 hours and last for about 12 hours.[6]

Common side effects include sleepiness, headache, nausea, and dizziness.[7] Sleepiness is less than with first-generation antihistamines.[6] Other side effects may include allergic reactions.[6] It is classified as a second-generation antihistamine and works as a selective H1-blocker.[6]

Fexofenadine was patented in 1979 and came into medical use in 1996.[9] It has been avaliable as a generic medication since 2011.[10] In the United Kingdom 30 tablets costs the NHS about 2 pounds while this amount costs in the United States about 9 USD as of 2020.[7][11] In 2017, it was the 245th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than one million prescriptions.[12][13]

References

edit
  1. ^ "Fexofenadine - international brand names". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 21 April 2021. Retrieved 18 January 2017.
  2. ^ a b "Fexofenadine Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. 1 April 2019. Archived from the original on 26 July 2020. Retrieved 26 July 2020.
  3. ^ "Fexofenadine hydrochloride 180mg film-coated Tablets - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)". (emc). 26 September 2018. Archived from the original on 26 July 2020. Retrieved 26 July 2020.
  4. ^ Lappin G, Shishikura Y, Jochemsen R, Weaver RJ, Gesson C, Houston B, Oosterhuis B, Bjerrum OJ, Rowland M, Garner C (May 2010). "Pharmacokinetics of fexofenadine: evaluation of a microdose and assessment of absolute oral bioavailability". Eur J Pharm Sci. 40 (2): 125–31. doi:10.1016/j.ejps.2010.03.009. PMID 20307657.
  5. ^ a b c Smith, SM; Gums, JG (July 2009). "Fexofenadine: biochemical, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties and its unique role in allergic disorders". Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology. 5 (7): 813–22. doi:10.1517/17425250903044967. PMID 19545214. S2CID 19048690.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g "Fexofenadine Hydrochloride Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 14 June 2020. Retrieved 10 November 2020.
  7. ^ a b c BNF 79 : March 2020. London: Royal Pharmaceutical Society. 2020. p. 288. ISBN 9780857113658.
  8. ^ Bachert, C (May 2009). "A review of the efficacy of desloratadine, fexofenadine, and levocetirizine in the treatment of nasal congestion in patients with allergic rhinitis". Clin Ther. 31 (5): 921–44. doi:10.1016/j.clinthera.2009.05.017. PMID 19539095.
  9. ^ Fischer, Jnos; Ganellin, C. Robin (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 548. ISBN 9783527607495. Archived from the original on 2020-08-13. Retrieved 2020-07-26.
  10. ^ "Dr. Reddy's announces the launch of Over-the-Counter Fexofenadine HCl and Pseudoephedrine HCl extended release tablets". Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Ltd. 30 August 2011. Archived from the original on 12 October 2016. Retrieved 27 May 2016.
  11. ^ "Compare Fexofenadine Prices". GoodRx. Archived from the original on 22 April 2020. Retrieved 10 November 2020.
  12. ^ "The Top 300 of 2020". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 12 February 2021. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  13. ^ "Fexofenadine Hydrochloride - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 8 July 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
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