Clinical data | |
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Trade names | Precedex, Dexdor, Dexdomitor, Sileo, others |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
License data |
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Pregnancy category |
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Routes of administration | Intravenous infusion, transmucosal, intranasal |
Drug class | α2-adrenergic agonist[1] |
Legal status | |
Legal status | |
Pharmacokinetic data | |
Protein binding | 94% |
Metabolism | Near complete liver metabolism to inactive metabolites |
Elimination half-life | 2 hours |
Excretion | Urinary |
Identifiers | |
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Chemical and physical data | |
Formula | C13H16N2 |
Molar mass | 200.285 g·mol−1 |
3D model (JSmol) | |
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Dexmedetomidine, sold under the trade name Precedex among others, is a medication used for procedural sedation or sedation in the intensive care unit.[1] It results in mild to moderate sedation without much effect on breathing.[1] It is used by intravenous infusion.[1] Onset of effects may take 25 minutes.[2]
Common side effects include low blood pressure, nausea, dry mouth, and an abnormal heart rate.[1] Other side effects may include agitation, high blood sugar, increased body temperature, and decreased breathing.[3] It works by blocking the α2-adrenergic receptors present in certain parts of the brain.[4]
Dexmedetomidine was approved for medical use in the United States in 1999 and Europe in 2011.[1][5] It is available as a generic medication.[3] In the United Kingdom a 1 mg vial costs about £78 as of 2020.[3] Veterinarians may use it for similar purposes in other animals.[6]
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f g h "Dexmedetomidine Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 17 January 2021. Retrieved 22 July 2021.
- ^ Barash, Paul G.; Cullen, Bruce F.; Stoelting, Robert K.; Cahalan, Michael; Stock, M. Christine (1 January 2011). Clinical Anesthesia. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. PT3627. ISBN 978-1-4511-2297-8. Archived from the original on 28 August 2021. Retrieved 22 July 2021.
- ^ a b c BNF (80 ed.). BMJ Group and the Pharmaceutical Press. September 2020 – March 2021. p. 1416. ISBN 978-0-85711-369-6.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: date format (link) - ^ Cormack JR, Orme RM, Costello TG (2005). "The role of alpha2-agonists in neurosurgery". Journal of Clinical Neuroscience. 12 (4): 375–8. doi:10.1016/j.jocn.2004.06.008. PMID 15925765. S2CID 79899746.
- ^ "Dexdor". Archived from the original on 8 January 2021. Retrieved 22 July 2021.
- ^ "Dexdomitor for Animal Use". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 25 May 2016. Retrieved 22 July 2021.