Clinical data | |
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Trade names | Lioresal, Liofen, Gablofen, others |
Other names | β-(4-chlorophenyl)-γ-aminobutyric acid (β-(4-chlorophenyl)-GABA) |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
License data | |
Pregnancy category |
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Routes of administration | By mouth, intrathecal |
Legal status | |
Legal status | |
Pharmacokinetic data | |
Bioavailability | Well-absorbed |
Protein binding | 30% |
Metabolism | 85% excreted in urine/faeces unchanged. 15% metabolised by deamination |
Elimination half-life | 1.5 to 4 hours |
Excretion | Renal (70–80%) |
Identifiers | |
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Chemical and physical data | |
Formula | C10H12ClNO2 |
Molar mass | 213.66 g·mol−1 |
3D model (JSmol) | |
Chirality | Racemic mixture |
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Baclofen, sold under the brand name Lioresal among others, is a medication used to treat muscle spasticity such as from a spinal cord injury or multiple sclerosis.[1][2] It may also be used for hiccups and muscle spasms near the end of life.[2] It is taken by mouth or by delivery into the spinal canal.[1]
Common side effects include sleepiness, weakness, and dizziness.[1] Serious side effects may occur if baclofen is rapidly stopped including seizures and rhabdomyolysis.[1] Use in pregnancy is of unclear safety while use during breastfeeding is probably safe.[4] It is believed to work by decreasing neurotransmitters.[1]
Baclofen was approved for medical use in the United States in 1977.[1] It is available as a generic medication.[2] At a dose of 50mg/day, a month supply in the United Kingdom costs the NHS about £5.50 as of 2020.[2] In the United States the wholesale cost of this amount is about US$8.40.[5] In 2017, it was the 140th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than four million prescriptions.[6][7]
References edit
- ^ a b c d e f g h "Baclofen Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 26 April 2019. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
- ^ a b c d e BNF (80 ed.). BMJ Group and the Pharmaceutical Press. September 2020 – March 2021. p. 1190-1191. ISBN 978-0-85711-369-6.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: date format (link) - ^ a b "WHOCC - ATC/DDD Index". www.whocc.no. Archived from the original on 23 October 2020. Retrieved 5 September 2020.
- ^ "Baclofen Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Warnings". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 3 December 2018. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
- ^ "NADAC as of 2019-02-27". Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Archived from the original on 2019-03-06. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
- ^ "The Top 300 of 2020". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 12 February 2021. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
- ^ "Baclofen - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 12 April 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.