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(The first 3 sentences were added to the end of the introduction paragraph on the Marriage bar's page. The 2 sub-headings were new additions.)
There are two types of marriage bars. [1] The “hire bar” preventing the hiring of married women and the “retain bar” preventing the retention of married workers.[1] Unfortunately for widowed women with children, they are still considered to be married preventing them from being hired.[2]
Reasons for Marriage Bars
editAccording to The Spectator, a British conservative magazine, there are a few reasons given for the implementation of the marriage bars.[3] They argue women who are married are supported by their husbands, therefore they do not need jobs.[3] Marriage bars provided more opportunity for those who actually need employment, such as single women.[3] Another argument the Spector makes states unmarried women are more reliable and mobile than married women.[3] Since single women do not have a family or other pressing responsibilities, they are more reliable and flexible than married women.[3] The last point made by this magazine involves the turnover rate.[3] The turnover rate for women in these jobs is high because lots of young single women eventually get married.[3] Since they do not hold their positions very long, it gives them less of an opportunity for advancement and promotions.[3]
Exceptions to Marriage Bars
editWomen's History Matters states there are some exceptions to the marriage bars.[2] In contrary to urban areas, rural areas needed teachers so they were willing to hire married women.[2] Schools were also willing to hire women if they could prove her husband was “invalid, insane, or unable to provide for the family", then she could sometimes find a job.[2] Marriage bars were less strict during World War II because the women were needed again for these jobs.[2] For example, in Montana 1500 women were welcomed back into the school systems for the duration of the war only.[2] Discrimination against married female teachers was not terminated until 1964 with the passing of the Civil Rights Act.[2]
References
edit- ^ a b Goldin, Claudia (1988-10-01). "Marriage Bars: Discrimination Against Married Women Workers, 1920's to 1950's".
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ a b c d e f g ""Must a woman . . . give it all up when she marries?": The Debate over Employing Married Women as Teachers". Women's History Matters. Retrieved 2015-11-04.
- ^ a b c d e f g h "The Marriage Bar » 22 Aug 1946 » The Spectator Archive". The Spectator Archive. Retrieved 2015-11-04.