User:Laylagoldberg19/Transgender legal history in the United States
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The legal and regulatory history of transgender and transsexual people in the United States begins in the 1960s. Such legislation covers federal, state, municipal, and local levels, as well as military justice. It reflects broader societal attitudes which have shifted significantly over time and have impacted legislative and judicial outcomes.
Legal cases concerning LGBT issues were first raised in the United States in the 1960s. These initial cases often revolved around the ability to change names or sex on legal documents and sought protection against various forms of discrimination—such as in employment, civil rights violations, and equal protection under the law. regarding questions of acquiring official change of name or sex on legal documents, protection against various forms of discrimination such as employment (job termination), civil rights issues, workplace discrimination and equal protection issues, Medicare and Social Security issues, on-the-job transition, who they could marry, military discharge level, health issues including medical malpractice, restroom discrimination, and housing discrimination. Over the decades, these issues expanded to include a broader array of concerns such as Medicare and Social Security benefits, transition-related healthcare rights in the workplace, marital rights, military service conditions, medical malpractice, restroom access, and housing discrimination.
2020s
editRestrictions of rights
editGender-affirming care bans for minors
editSeveral states, including Alabama, Arizona, Missouri, Texas, and Louisiana, have enacted laws that restrict or outright ban gender-affirming care for transgender minors. These bans typically prevent access to puberty blockers, hormone therapy, and in some cases, gender-affirming surgery for individuals under 18. Legal challenges against these bans are ongoing in multiple states.[1][2][3]
Restrictions on sports participation
editLaws have been passed in states like Kentucky and Tennessee prohibiting transgender youth from participating in sports consistent with their gender identity. These laws apply to various educational levels, from primary through to higher education.[3]
Educational restrictions
editLaws in states like Florida and South Dakota restrict discussions of gender and sexual orientation in schools, with penalties for violations that can include lawsuits and financial repercussions.[3]
Expansions of rights
editLegal recognition of gender identity
editStates like Vermont have passed laws allowing individuals to amend their birth certificates to reflect their gender identity. Maryland has expanded nondiscrimination laws to include gender identity, protecting students in both public and private schools that receive state funding.[3]
Repeals of discriminatory laws
editIdaho repealed an outdated law that criminalized sodomy, which was part of broader efforts to remove laws that have been used to target the LGBTQ+ community.[4]
- ^ "NBCC | National Board for Certified Counselors & Affiliates". www.nbcc.org. Retrieved 2024-05-08.
- ^ "Headed to the Supreme Court? Gender-Affirming Care for Transgender Youth". University of Cincinnati Law Review Blog. 2023-09-20. Retrieved 2024-05-08.
- ^ a b c d Williamson, Myles (2023-10-17). "A Global Analysis of Transgender Rights: Introducing the Trans Rights Indicator Project (TRIP)". Perspectives on Politics: 1–20. doi:10.1017/S1537592723002827. ISSN 1537-5927.
- ^ Williamson, Myles (2023-10-17). "A Global Analysis of Transgender Rights: Introducing the Trans Rights Indicator Project (TRIP)". Perspectives on Politics: 1–20. doi:10.1017/S1537592723002827. ISSN 1537-5927.