Polyadenylate-binding protein 1 is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the PABPC1 gene.[3] The protein PABPC1 or PABP1 binds mRNA and facilitates a variety of functions such as transport out of the nucleus, degradation, translation, and stability. PABP1 is primarily found in the cytoplasm, but shuttles in and out of the nucleus via the β karyopherin receptor pathway.[1]
Function
The poly(A)-binding protein (PAB or PABP), which is found complexed to the 3' poly(A) tail of eukaryotic mRNA, is required for poly(A) shortening and translation initiation. In humans, the PABPs comprise a small nuclear isoform and a conserved gene family that displays at least 3 functional proteins: PABP1 (PABPC1), inducible PABP (iPABP, or PABPC4; MIM 603407), and PABP3 (PABPC3; MIM 604680). In addition, there are at least 4 pseudogenes, PABPCP1 to PABPCP4.[4]
There are two separate PABP1 proteins, one which is located in the nucleus (PABPN1) and the other which is found in the cytoplasm (PABPC1). PABPC1 is usually diffused within the cytoplasm and concentrated at sites of high mRNA concentration such as stress granules, processing bodies, and locations of high translational activity. PABPC1 is also associated with nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD). PABPC1 binds to the poly(A) tail and interact with eIF4G, which stabilizes the circularization of mRNAs. This structure is required for the prevention of mRNA degradation via NMD.[2]
In the nucleus PABP1 binds to the poly(A) tails of pre-mRNAs to facilitate stability, export, transport, and degradation. PABP1 binding is also required for nuclear-mediated degradation. PABPC1 contains four RNA-recognition motifs (RRMs). The first two, RRM1 and RRM2, bind both α-importin and the poly(A) tail of processed mRNA. This feature prevents mRNA from going back into the nucleus. [1]
Interactions
PABPC1 has been shown to interact with:
ANAPC5,[5]
CNOT7,[6]
EIF4G3,[7]
EIF4G1,[7]
GSPT2,[8]
PAIP1,[9][10] and
PAIP2.[11]
Hello, I just reviewed your article and it looks pretty good. I think you should add some links for things like PABPC4, which has a Wiki page, rather than listing the MIM number. Other than that there were only a couple minor typos. Good job! ~~~~
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- ^ a b Gray, Nicola K.; Hrabálková, Lenka; Scanlon, Jessica P.; Smith, Richard W. P. (2015-12-01). "Poly(A)-binding proteins and mRNA localization: who rules the roost?". Biochemical Society Transactions. 43 (6): 1277–1284. doi:10.1042/BST20150171. ISSN 0300-5127. PMID 26614673.
- ^ Fatscher, Tobias; Boehm, Volker; Weiche, Benjamin; Gehring, Niels H. (2014-10-01). "The interaction of cytoplasmic poly(A)-binding protein with eukaryotic initiation factor 4G suppresses nonsense-mediated mRNA decay". RNA. 20 (10): 1579–1592. doi:10.1261/rna.044933.114. ISSN 1355-8382. PMC 4174440. PMID 25147240.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link)