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Mandalay Palace massacre
A painting depicts the massacre at Mandalay Palace

The 1879 massacre at Mandalay Palace, occurred on 13, 16 and 17 February 1879 (8th, 11th and 12th waning days of Tabodwe, 1240 M.E.) at the Mandalay Palace.

an execution of around 70 Burmese royal family members

orchestrated by Hsinbyumashin the Queen of the Central Palace of King Mindon to ensure that the Prince of Thibaw and her daughter Supayalat would assume the throne. The massacre took place

Many historians and media accused Supayalat engineered merciless massacre but she denied.

I was a teenager at the time and too young to undertake such an inhuman act. The massacre must have been organized by ministers and officials

— Supayalat

Background

By claiming for King Mindon's making Prince Kanaung the King Brother a crown prince rather than his senior sons, Myingun Prince and Myinkhondaing Prince attempted a palace coup on 2 August 1866, and Prince Kanaung was murdered during the revolt. Since rebellion caused the king a great reluctance in naming a successor to Crown Prince Kanaung for fear of civil war, he made no one his heir apparent until his death in 1878 which led to the succession crisis.

Prelude

When King Mindon became in ill health and could not manage state affairs since August 1878, all the high-level ministers took an oath to the king and the one to whom he pointed.

Under the guise that King Mindon wanted to bid his children farewell, Hsinbyumashin who dominated the king's last days had all royals of close age, who could potentially be heir to the throne, seized and thrown into prison by edict on 11 September 1878. Hsinbyumashin's secret mission was leaked to the second Queen of the Northern Gilded Chamber who made her two sons, Nyaungyan Prince and Nyaungoak Prince, escaped and slipped away to India via British ambassador Colonel Duncan. On 19 September 1878, Hsinbyumashin and her accomplices discussed, and a proclamation making Prince Thibaw the crown prince was announced, without informing the king.

When the king knew the circumstances within a week because of Limban Mibaya, Thetpan Mibaya, Khonnaywa Mibaya and the second Queen of the Northern Gilded Chamber who informed him the situation, they all were released and the king appointed Thonze Prince, Mekkhaya Prince and Nyaungyan Prince as the governors of Chindwin Province, Taungdwingyi Province and Lower Myitsin Province respectively. But, together with some relatives, they were arrested again the following day.

This time, Hsinbyumashin made no one entered the king's chamber, and the Queen of the Southern Apartment, Seindon Mibaya, Lepanzin Mibaya, Tharazein Mibaya, Lecha Mibaya, Ngazon Mibaya, Thanazarit Mibaya, Thara Lingara looked after the king.

King Mindon died on 1 October 1878, and King Thibaw ascended the throne after two days.

Events

On 13 February 1879, five royal relatives were killed.

On 16 February 1879, Maung Maung Toke and six other confidants, surrounded by 400 soldiers, took the royal prisoners, locked up before King Mindon died, out to the outside of the palace, by claiming that Kyedaik was located on the front of King Mother's palace and apartments for them were not completed yet, and assassinated 19 royal members. More 19 members were slaughtered the following night.

King Thibaw knew the case on 18 February 1879, and released remaining five princes.

Victims

13 February 1879

1. Maung Boe, Thonze Prince's uncle and the minister of the Bhamo interior
2. Maung Shwe Maung, Yanaung Prince's uncle and the Myoza (Duke) of Yenatha
3. Maung Ba, Seindon Mibaya's younger brother and the Myoza (Duke) of Tapei
4. Myinzugyiwun Maung Tattu, Nyaungyan Prince's uncle
5. Maung Oak, former Yangon mayor

15 February 1879

1. Prince Mekkhayaမက္ခရာမင်းသား
2. Prince Thonze
3. Moe Hlaing Prince
4. Thagara Prince
5. Pinle Prince
6. Htantabin Prince, son of Kanaung Mintha
7. Queen of the Northern Gilded Chamber II
8. Kanni Princess
9. Kyannyat Princess
10. Mabe Princess
11. Hsinshin Princess

၁၂ ။ ညောင်အုပ်မင်းသားသမီးတော် ၁၃ ။ ရနောင်မင်းသားသမီးတော် ၂ ပါး ၊

      သားတော် ၂ ပါး

၁၄ ။ ရွှေဂူမင်းသားသမီးတော် ၃ ပါး

      သားတော် တစ်ပါး