| Dylan620/Sandbox/2005 Pacific hurricane season | |
|---|---|
 Season summary map | |
| Seasonal boundaries | |
| First system formed | May 17, 2005 |
| Last system dissipated | October 20, 2005 |
| Strongest storm | |
| Name | Kenneth |
| • Maximum winds | 135 mph (215 km/h) (1-minute sustained) |
| • Lowest pressure | 947 mbar (hPa; 27.97 inHg) |
| Seasonal statistics | |
| Total depressions | 17 |
| Total storms | 15 |
| Hurricanes | 7 |
| Major hurricanes (Cat. 3+) | 2 |
| Total fatalities | 1 direct |
| Total damage | Unknown |
The 2005 Pacific hurricane season was a slightly inactive season that produced 17 tropical cyclones. It officially started on May 15 and ended on November 30, dates which conventionally delimit the period during which most tropical cyclones form in the northeast Pacific Ocean. The first tropical cyclone, Hurricane Adrian, developed on May 17, while the last storm Tropical Depression Sixteen-E, dissipated on October 20. During the year, a total of 17 tropical cyclones, 15 tropical storms, 7 hurricanes and 2 major hurricanes formed. The most intense hurricane, Hurricane Kenneth remained out over open waters for the duration of its existence. However, the remnants of the storm caused minor flooding on the Island of Hawaii. September was the most active month of the year, as 6 of the 17 tropical cyclones formed during this time.
Pre-season forecasts edit
| Source | Date | Named storms |
Hurricanes | Major hurricanes |
| Eastern | Average | 15.3 | 8.8 | 4.2 |
| Eastern | 16 May, 2005 | 11 – 15 | 6 – 8 | 2 – 4 |
| Eastern | Actual activity | 15 | 7 | 2 |
| Central | Average | 4 – 5 | 1 | - |
| Central | May 16, 2003 | 2 – 3 | - | - |
| Central | Actual activity | 2 | 2 | 1 |
The U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration predicted a slow year, with only a 10% chance of above-average storm activity in the eastern North Pacific and a 70% chance of below-normal activity. The pre-season forecast predicted 11 to 15 tropical storms, 6 to 8 hurricanes, and 2 to 4 major hurricanes (Category 3 or higher on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale).[1]
The forecast for the central North Pacific was for a below-average season, with only two or three storms impacting the region, below the normal four to five.[2]
Storms edit
May, June, and July edit
A few days before the official start to the season, a broad area of low pressure developed over Central America and moved into the Pacific basin. The low gradually became better organized[3] and on May 17, only two days after the eastern Pacific hurricane season started, [4] The first tropical depression formed 460 miles (740 km) west-southwest of El Salvador. The depression, given the number One-E, quickly strengthened into Tropical Storm Adrian that night. Adrian gradually intensified over the next two days while moving in an unusual direction, northeast, due to a strong trough located to the north of the storm. On May 19, Adrian was briefly upgraded to a hurricane while 85 mi (135 km) off the coastline of El Salvador, closer than any hurricane in the 57 years of tropical cyclone records in the eastern Pacific on record. However, Adrian rapidly weakened due to wind shear and by its landfall near the Gulf of Fonseca as a tropical depression, and dissipated shortly after. Damage from Adrian was minimal and only one person was killed by the storm in floodwaters.[3]
After a month of inactivity, the second tropical depression of the season formed on June 21 about 385 mi (620 km) south of Zihuatanejo, Mexico. The depression intensified into Tropical Storm Beatriz the next morning. Beatriz took a northwestward movement, away from land, while intensifying. The storm reached its peak intensity late that night before before slow weakening took place. By the night of June 23, Beatriz was downgraded to a tropical depression, and not long after was declared a remnant low-pressure area. The remnant low lingered for a few days before dissipating over open waters.[5]
Late on June 26, a Tropical Depression Three-E formed 330 mi (530 km) south-southeast of Acapulco, Mexico. The depression was upgraded to Tropical Storm Calvin the next morning as it neared the southwest Mexican coastline. A gradual turn to the northwest took place as Calvin intensified. Paralleling the coastline, wind shear caused Calvin to weaken. By June 28, Calvin was downgraded to a tropical depression and further deterioration of the depression led to it being declared a remnant low that night. The remnants of Calvin moved in a general northwest motion out to sea and dissipated on July 3.[6]
On June 18, a new tropical wave developed off the coast of Africa. This wave was devoid of almost all its convection as it traversed the atlantic. It crossed into the eastern Pacific on July 1. It gradually became better organized and by July 4, it was determined that Tropical Depression Four-E had formed 145 mi (235 km) south of Acapulco, Mexico. Tropical Storm watches and warnings were issued as it neared the Mexican coast. On the afternoon of July 4, the depression quickly strengthened and was determined to have become Tropical Storm Dora that day. It came very close to the coast before turning towards the northwest, paralleling the coastline later for most of July 5, dropping heavy rainfall on the region. As it moved away from the coast, all watches were cancelled as Dora weakened to a tropical depression. Further weakening took plact later in the day and Dora degenerated into a remnant low. The low continued moving towards the northwest before dissipating the next day.[7]
The beginnings of Tropical Storm Eugene can be traced back to a tropical wave which formed in the Caribbean Sea on July 10. The wave gradually organized as it traveled towards the west, and entered the eastern Pacific basin on July 14. After shifting movement to a northwestward direction, the wave became better organized and was determined to have developed into Tropical Depression Five-E on July 17 while located 305 mi (490 km) south of Manzanillo, Mexico. The storm was upgraded to Tropical Storm Eugene the next morning and further intensification took place. Eugene was heading towards the coast of Baja California Sur and a tropical storm watch was issued respectively. However, less than a day later, the watches were cancelled as Eugene was no longer forecast to bring tropical storm conditions to the coast. By the afternoon of July 19, Eugene peaked just below hurricane status before encountering cooling waters. Weakening took place quickly and Eugene was downgraded to a tropical depression the next morning and further into a remnant low that afternoon. The low dissipated the next afternoon without impacting land.[8]
August edit
In early August, an area of low pressure developed along the Intertropical convergence zone and slowly developed. By August 3, the low had developed sufficient convection to be declared Tropical Depression One-C while located 1,000 mi (1,610 km) southeast of the Island of Hawaii, the first tropical depression to form in the central Pacific basin. The depression failed to develop further as increasing wind shear and cooling waters caused the convection associated with the storm to diminish. The depression was declared a remnant low the next afternoon as only a swirl of clouds remained. The remnants of the depression later impacted the Island of Hawaii, leading to heavy rainfall up to 8.8 in (223.52 mm) in the town of Glenwood, Hawaii.[9]
The origins of Hurricane Fernanda can be traced to a tropical wave which passed over Dakar, Senegal on July 25. Despite being a well organized wave, further development did not occur. The wave eventually entered the eastern Pacific on August 5. Development finally took place shortly after and it was determined that Tropical Depression Six-E had developed 945 mi (1,520 km) west-southwest of Acapulco, Mexico.
September and October edit
Impact edit
Accumulated Cyclone Energy (ACE) ranking edit
| ACE (104 kt2) – Storm | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 24.77 (3.155) |
Kenneth | 9 | 1.94 | Greg |
| 2 | 6.875 (18.095) |
Jova | 10 | 1.6275 | Eugene |
| 3 | 10.675 | Hilary | 11 | 1.2525 | Irwin |
| 4 | 9.06 | Fernanda | 12 | 1.0925 | Calvin |
| 5 | 6.7775 | Otis | 13 | 0.97 | Beatriz |
| 6 | 4.4375 | Max | 14 | 0.81 | Dora |
| 7 | 2.8175 | Adrian | 15 | 0.49 | Lidia |
| 8 | 2.35 | Norma | |||
| Total: 75.945 (21.25) | |||||
The table on the right shows the Accumulated Cyclone Energy (ACE) for each storm in the season. The total ACE for the 2005 season was 97.195 x 104 kt2.[10] The ACE is, broadly speaking, a measure of the power of the storm multiplied by the length of time it existed for, so hurricanes that lasted a long time have higher ACEs.
Hurricane Kenneth had the highest overall ACE of the season with a total of 27.2525 x 104 kt2.
As Hurricanes Jova and Kenneth were the only storms in 2005 to exist in the Central Pacific as a tropical storm or hurricane, the total ACE for the Central Pacific was 21.25 x 104 kt2. The total ACE in the Eastern Pacific was 75.945 x 104 kt2.
The figures in parentheses are for storms in the Central Pacific basin west of 140°W; those not in parenthesis are for the Eastern Pacific basin.
Source of data: Best track data from the National Hurricane Center's Tropical Cyclone Reports.[1]
Source of data: Best track data from the Central Pacific Hurricane Center's Tropical Cyclone Reports.[2]
Season impact edit
This is a table of the storms in 2005 and their landfall(s), if any. Deaths in parentheses are additional and indirect (an example of an indirect death would be a traffic accident), but are still storm-related. Damage and deaths include totals while the storm was extratropical or a wave or low.
| Saffir–Simpson scale | ||||||
| TD | TS | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | C5 |
| Storm name |
Dates active | Storm category
at peak intensity |
Max wind (mph) |
Min. press. (mbar) |
Landfall(s) | Damage (millions USD) |
Deaths | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Where | When | Wind
(mph) | ||||||||
| Adrian | May 17 – May 21 | Category 1 hurricane | 80 | 982 | Gulf of Fonseca | May 20 | 25 | Minimal | 1 | |
| Beatriz | June 21 – June 24 | Tropical storm | 50 | 1000 | none | 0 | 0 | |||
| Calvin | June 26 – June 29 | Tropical storm | 50 | 1000 | none | 0 | 0 | |||
| Dora | July 4 – July 6 | Tropical storm | 45 | 1003 | Acapulco, Mexico (Direct hit, no landfall) | July 5 | 45 | 0 | 0 | |
| Eugene | July 18 – July 20 | Tropical storm | 70 | 989 | none | 0 | 0 | |||
| One-C | August 3 – August 4 | Tropical depression | 30 | 1008 | none | 0 | 0 | |||
| Fernanda | August 9 – August 16 | Category 1 hurricane | 85 | 978 | none | 0 | 0 | |||
| Greg | August 11 – August 16 | Tropical storm | 50 | 1000 | none | 0 | 0 | |||
| Hilary | August 19 – August 25 | Category 2 hurricane | 105 | 970 | none | 0 | 0 | |||
| Irwin | August 25 – August 28 | Tropical storm | 50 | 1000 | none | 0 | 0 | |||
| Jova | September 12 – September 25 | Category 3 hurricane | 125 | 951 | none | 0 | 0 | |||
| Kenneth | September 14 – September 30 | Category 4 hurricane | 135 | 947 | Hawaii (Direct hit, no landfall) | September 30 | 30 | Minimal | 0 | |
| Lidia | September 17 – September 19 | Tropical storm | 40 | 1005 | none | 0 | 0 | |||
| Max | September 18 – September 22 | Tropical storm | 85 | 981 | none | 0 | 0 | |||
| Norma | September 23 – September 27 | Tropical storm | 60 | 997 | none | 0 | 0 | |||
| Otis | September 28 – October 3 | Category 2 hurricane | 105 | 970 | none | 0 | 0 | |||
| Sixteen-E | October 15 – October 20 | Tropical depression | 35 | 1005 | none | 0 | 0 | |||
| Season Aggregates | ||||||||||
| 17 cyclones | May 17 – October 20 | 135 | 947 | 1 landfall | Minimal | 1 | ||||
Storm names edit
The following names were used for named storms that formed in the northeast Pacific in 2005. This is the same list that was used in the 1999 season. Names that were not assigned are marked in gray. There were no names retired by the WMO in the spring of 2006; therefore, the same list will be reused in the 2011 season.
|
No central Pacific names were used; the first name used would have been Ioke.
- ^ Climate Prediction Center, NOAA (2005-05-16). "NOAA Releases East Pacific Hurricane Season Outlook: Below Normal Seasonal Activity Expected in 2005". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 2006-08-18.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|year=(help) - ^ Climate Prediction Center, NOAA (2005-05-16). "NOAA Expects Below Average Central Pacific Hurricane Season: Hawaii Observes Hurricane Preparedness Week May 15-21". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 2006-08-18.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|year=(help) - ^ a b Richard D. Knabb (2005-11-24). "Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Adrian" (PDF). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2008-10-22.
- ^ Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, Hurricane Research Division. "Frequently Asked Questions: When is hurricane season?". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 2008-10-22.
- ^ James L. Franklin (2005-07-23). "Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Beatriz" (PDF). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2008-10-22.
- ^ Jack Beven (2005-11-28). "Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Calvin" (PDF). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2008-10-22.
- ^ Stacy R. Stewart (2005-08-02). "Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Dora" (PDF). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2008-10-22.
- ^ Richard J. Pasch (2006-04-05). "Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Eugene" (PDF). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2008-10-22.
- ^ Andy Nash, Victor Proton, Robert Farrell, and Roy Matsuda (2006-05-01). "Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Depression One-C". Central Pacific Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2008-10-22.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ National Climatic Data Center (2005). "East North Pacific ACE: 1949 — 2005". NOAA. Retrieved 2006-08-10.
