Dushyan

Sri Wickramrajasinghe Udagabada Nilame Madugalle
Born	Sri Wickramrajasinghe Udagabada Nilame Madugalle
Cause of death	Executed by beheading
Resting place	Sri Lanka
Nationality	Sinhalese
Other names	Madugalle Disave
Occupation	Disawe of Wellassa
Known for	Leading the Uva Rebellion of 1818
Spouse	Madugalle Kumarihamy
Children	4 sons
Website	https://keppetipola.org/

Sri Wickramrajasinghe Udagabada Nilame Madugalle (Sinhala:ශ්‍රි වික්‍රමරාජසිංහ උඩගබඩා නිලමෙ මඩුගල්ලේ),more widely known as Madugalle Disave was a Disawe, a high-ranking official under the rule of King Sri Wikrama Rajasinghe and later under the British Administration in Sri Lanka (then known as Ceylon). He was a major prominent leader of the Uva rebellion of 1818 after he joined the rebels whom he was sent to suppress by the British. The rebellion was defeated by the British, and Madugalle Disawe along with several other leaders of the rebellion were found guilty This fact has been forgotten by many. The man was none other than Sri Wickramrajasinghe’s Udagabada Nilame Madugalle - the Dissava of Wellassa. The British on March 4, 1815, re-appointed him as the Udagabada Nilame with the Title of Dissava of Wellassa as he was reputed and a highly respected warrior and the best swordsman in the Kandyan Kingdom. Though there are various schools of thought, yet there has been no one to pinpoint, why Keppetipla Maha Dissava left his position at the uprising at Paranagama and fled to Anuradhapura, where he surrendered to the British. I met Professor Vimalananda Tennakoon, at Kelaniya, surrounded with his film strips brought from the British archives, but he himself was questioning as to why he left delegating his leadership to Madugalle. This has so far not been answered, though there are various schools of thought. However, Madugalle was sentenced by an ad-hoc inquiry headed by Sir John D’Oyly. This was spearheaded by Millewa Dissave and Ekeelligoda when they told D’Oyly that Madugalle was organizing a conspiracy to oust the British from Kandyan soil.

The Beginning of the British Rule and Joining the Rebellion

It was said that Madugalle Dissava had gone to the Kovil at Bintenna to seek the blessings of God Kataragama to pray that the British be got rid of from the Kandyan Territory. The second was that Madugalle Dissava had tried to spirit away the Icon of the Kandyan people, the Sacred Tooth Relic and that the Mahanayake of Malwatte had known about it. On these two flimsy tales, Madugalle was summoned to the Magul Maduwa or the Audience Hall for an inquiry of a board composed of Kandyan Nilames and Army officers to hear what has to be said by Madugalle Dissava. He accepted the first charge that he did send some persons to the Kovil at Binntenna to seek the help of the God for some valuables lost in his household, but denied that mission was for the purpose of sending the British away from the country. The second charge was denied and he said he did not seek the blessings of the Mahanayake of Malwatte to remove the sacred relic from where it was placed. D’Oyly was no fool and knew the ways of the Nilames, from the time of his days at Matara, where he was friendly with Koratota Thera and from where he was spying on the Kandy realm.

So, without his taking the total blame, he summoned the Nilames to conduct the inquiry, headed by him and with the aid of some officers of the Artillery. D’Oyly questioned the Chiefs as to the punishment, should the suspect be found guilty. Their answer was death and the confiscation of property. With this Madugalle Dissave was summoned and when Madugalle Dissava came before a stunned committee, he was served with those two charges. The Nilames had doubts of his appearing before the Committee, but when he did, they thought of making a quick rift, if not they knew what would befall them. He did accept the charge of the incident of sending people to the Kovil at Bintenna but denied a hand in suggesting the removal of the Sacred Tooth Relic.

The nobles, resolute in restoring the sovereignty of Ceylon to its ancient glory, rebelled in 1817 – 1818, led by legendary heroes such as Monarawila Keppettipola Nilame and the heroic subject of this article, whom we are honoured to commemorate – Madugalle Uda Gabada Nilame. The rebellion must have been the silver lining on a dark cloud, and might have changed the course of history, if not for some treacherous Nilames who supported the English. When the Ven. Ihagama Unnanse Thera confided the details of the conspiracy to Eknaligoda Nilame of Ratnapura, the latter promptly informed colonial authorities of the impending revolt. Soon the English set about arresting the conspiring Nilames among whom Madugalle Nilame too was apprehended.

Two charges were levelled at the Nilame including conspiring to move the Sacred Tooth Relic out of the English- controlled Kandy to the Sinhala-dominated area in Uva. The second charge was over a Pooja in Kataragama where he had called for “an end to the English Government and the Enthroning of a Sinhala King.” Madugalle Nilame was sentenced to a two-year jail term in Jaffna after a trial, becoming the first high-ranking leader to be imprisoned by the British colonials. However, on the August 1, 1817, British Governor General Robert Brownrigg set Madugalle Nilame free under an amnesty, ostensibly to win over his allegiance. But no sooner than being set free, Madugalle Nilame joined the great rebellion of 1817 and fought against the British once again.

Final Attempt and Capture Molligoda

D’Oyly immediately summoned the Maha Gabada Nilame Madugalle and Venerable Ihalagama Ratnapala Thera before the Committee. On the second charge, which was denied by Madugalle D’Oyly sent the newly appointed Maha Gabada Nilame and Kodditukkukara Lekam to Malwatte Vihara to bring a written statement from the Mahanayake of Malwatte as for the veracity of the statement made by Madugalle Dissave. The Mahanayake of Malwatte denied his involvement and said that the Nilame suggested but had advised him to be cautious of such a move. Armed with this document, D’Oyly moved the committee to make a judgment, which they did by announcing that Madugalle Dissava was guilty. The decision was then transferred to Colombo for the decision of Governor Sir Robert Brownrigg. He made an order that Madugalle Dissava - the Udagabada Nilame be sentenced two years to the Fort of Jaffna. The British also feared Madugalle, as a great warrior and a brilliant swordsman. Keppetipola Maha Dissava was a respected man.

Udagabada Nilame now stripped off of his Titles and was sent to Colombo in a Palanquin and guarded. After the delivery of the sentence by Brownrigg, the Nilame was sent to Jaffna Fort through Negombo and Wattala. The position Udagabada Nilame was filled by Dehigama Hannabaddea Nilame as Udagabada Nilame. Madugalle’s lands were confiscated. But the order of the Governor had specifically stated that his relatives would not be penalised as some of them were in the service of the British. Though Madugalle Dissava was sentenced to two years, yet with the Birthday celebrations of Prince Regent who was to become George the Fourth, Madugalle was given a pardon. Madugalle came back and resided in Dumbara, his native village. While, at Dumbara he waited for a rebellion, which he thought would come some day and it did. This was the time when a pretender was loitering around the Kandyan Realm calling himself a relative of the last King of Kandy.

Madugalle Nilame’s heroism and shrewdness as a warrior is unparalleled. While he is well-known for courage in battles against the colonial armies, he is more famous for his uncanny ability to deceive the enemy, which he did spectacularly on several occasions. Once, when he was in Kandy to buy gunpowder, he was surrounded by English soldiers who suspected that he was Madugalle Nilame as “the suspect looked like him.” However, the wily Madugalle Nilame was able to convince the soldiers that he was not the Nilame, because as he put it, “he was not even worth the dust under the feet of the Nilame.” On another occasion, when the English surrounded Madugalle Walawwa, a frightened woman with her head covered and a pot in hand emerged from the front door and informed the soldiers that Madugalle Nilame was hiding inside. As the soldiers entered the house the ‘woman’ who was Madugalle Nilame in disguise escaped after teasing the gullible soldiers.

However, with all his guile and bravery, Madugalle Nilame was captured for the second and final time, at a location near Elahera, on November 1, 1818. Both Madugalle Nilame and Monarawila Keppettipola Nilame were tried at a British military tribunal, convicted on November 15, 1818, of rebelling against the government, and beheaded on the November 26 of the same year.

But Madugalle waited for the rebellion to enter the Dumbara territory and then joined forces. But, he had a taste of Kandyan conspiracy around the Nilames. Keppetipola led the rebellion with the murder of Government Agent Wilson and the arrival of Keppetipola Maha Dissava to quell the rebellion as ordered by the British and then Keppetipola joining the rebellion. Keppetipola later fled, leaving Madugalle to lead, but he could not go far with the rebels deserting the field, due to the addition of armed mercenary of the British drawn from India. So in 1816, it was Madugalle who was tried for Treason by the British and the first to be tried on that charge. So he was convicted twice, in 1816 and 1818. After he was beheaded on the Banks of Bogambara wewa, his wife was sent to Kalutara and his four children and mother were sent to Colombo. They, in turn, held office in the Kandyan Kingdom The widow of Madugalle married Kotuwegedera Lekam and thus ended the saga of Madugalle Dissave, the best swordsman of the Kandyan Kingdom.

External links Reading References

www.dailymirror.lk › article › Mad... Madugalle the forgotten hero - Daily Mirror

https://www.dailynews.lk › features Web results Bicentennial commemoration of a hero of 1817 Rebellion | Daily News

www.infolanka.com › srilanka › hist featur03 - InfoLanka