The colloquial form of the Indonesian language commonly employs a number of profanities, collectively are variously known in the language as umpatan, kata-kata kasar/kotor, caci maki, or sumpah serapah. These words are either from animal or sexual terms. Here is the list of notable Indonesian profanities.
Categories
editThere are several categorization on the Indonesian profanities. Anita Zuhrotul Jannah in 2021 divided these into five, according to their derivation:[1]
- from animal names;
- from objects;
- from body parts (including the genitalia);
- from activities (including sexual in nature); and
- from adjectives.
However, according to Susanto Pudjomartono:[2]
Animal terms
editThere are several animal terms also used as profanities, namely anjing "dog" (or the Javanese loan asu), babi "pig", bangsat "bedbug",[3] kampret "microbat" and less commonly monyet "monkey", buaya "crocodile" (specifically to refer a playboy), and bajing "squirrel".[4] Alongside the standard terms, anjing has many minced oaths, including anjir and anjay. The Javanese profanity jancok has the minced oath form jangkrik "cricket".[4] These words are used as expletives, most often to release disgust.
Adjectives
editTerms tolol, goblok, bego, blo'on, and dungu are commonly used to call a stupid person (bodoh is the usual term for "stupid").[5] Gila "insane" is occasionally used in unpleasant situation.[1]
Sexual terms
editIn Indonesian, the penis is variously referred to as kontol (from Javanese),[6] peler (also used to refer to a scrotum),[7] titit, and burung "bird",[8] while the vagina is known as puki (cf. derived Malay pukimak).[9]
See also
edit- Tagalog profanity, profanities in another Austronesian language
References
edit- ^ a b Jannah, Anita Zuhrotul; Mulyono (2021). "Bentuk, makna, dan fungsi umpatan di akun YouTube Winson Reynaldi". Sapala. 8 (01): 24–33. Retrieved 2024-05-24.
- ^ https://historia.id/kultur/articles/tentang-anjay-dan-kata-kata-umpatan-D84M1/page/1
- ^ "Apa Arti Bangsat, Istilah Viral di Tiktok Kerap Jadi Kata Umpatan, Ternyata Ini Makna Aslinya". tribunnews.com. Retrieved 2023-04-07.
- ^ a b "7 Hewan Ini Sering Jadi Umpatan Orang Indonesia, Kenapa?". idntimes.com. Retrieved 2024-03-17.
- ^ "Tolol, Goblok, Bodoh, Bego, Blo'on, atau Dungu". kompasiana.com. Retrieved 2023-05-24.
- ^ Ivansyah, Moch Fany; Indrawati, Dianita (2022). "Sosiolek dalam media sosial Twitter akun @areajulid periode Maret 2022-Mei 2022". Sapala. 9 (03): 41–45. Retrieved 2024-06-01.
- ^ "Arti Peler, Ini Makna Peler dalam Kamus Sunda dan Sistem Reproduksi Manusia, Atinya Beda Banget". portalpurwokerto.pikiran-rakyat.com. Retrieved 2024-05-27.
- ^ "Istilah "Burung" untuk Alat Vital Ternyata Punya Sejarah Panjang, Percaya?". era.id. Retrieved 2024-05-29.
- ^ "11 Bahasa Medan Kasar dan Artinya, Jangan Sembarangan Diucapkan!". detik.com. Retrieved 2024-06-01.