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editFisher was successful in both literature and medical field. During 1920s, he wrote some articles in medical journals. He mainly worked on ultraviolet rays on viruses research. He was a head researcher in Manhattan's International Hospital. Also, he opened his own private practice while he was writing his novels, poetry, and articles. [1]His experience in the medical field helped him to get ideas for his writing on mystery, for it helped to illustrate human body.[2]
Fisher started his career by contributing to his articles and to journals ,such as "National Association for the Advanced of Colored People's (NAACP)"[3] and "The Crisis".[4] His first contribution oto magazines was "The Crisis". [5]Fisher's first novel was "The Walls of Jericho" (1928)[6]. It is set in Harlem. Fisher cast all black people in the novel. He published "The Conjure-Man Dies" (1932), which is the sequel of "The Wall of Jericho". It is the first mystery that was written by a black American. Also, his most famous short story is "The City of Refuge"(1925)[7][8]
His father was John W. Fisher, a Baptist pastor, and his mother was Glendora Williamson Fisher. Rudolph was the youngest of three children.
He had met Jane Ryder who was a public school teacher. Fisher and Ryder married within a year in 1925. They had one child, a son named Hugh, born in 1926.[9]
Interest in Pan-Africanism
editThroughout his career, Fisher had an interest in Pan- Africanism, which is a movement that aims to encourage and strengthen unity of all African-Americans. It started in 1900.[10]
Rudolph Fisher supported Pan-African congress participants promoted colonized Africans to elect their own governments in order to gain of political power as a necessary prerequisite for complete social, economic and political emancipation. [11][12]
Unlike Marcom X, Marcus Garvey, and W.E. B. DuBois who tried to put the stereotypes of black exoticism in Pan-African[13], Rudolph Fisher worked on articulating the broader struggle for black labor privilege, women's empowerment and gay rights. [14]
Short Stories
edit"The City of Refuges" Atlantic Monthly (February 1925): 178-87
"The South Lingers On" Survey Graphic (March 1925): 644-47
"Vestige" The New Negro (March 1925):
edit"Ringtail" Atlantic Monthly (May 1925): 625-60
"High Yaller" The Crisis (October 1925): 281-86
"The Promised Land" Atlantic Monthly (January 1927): 183-192
"The Backslider" McClure's (August 1927): 16-17, 101-104
"Blades of Steel" Atlantic Monthly (August 1927): 183-192
"Fire by Night" McClure's (December 1927): 64-67, 98-102
"Common Meter" Baltimore Afro- American (February 1930):
"Dust" Opportunity (February 1931): 46-47
"Ezkiel" Junior Red Cross News (March 1932): 151-153
"Ezkiel Learns" Junior Cross News (February 1933): 123-125
"Guardian of the Law" Opportunity (March 1933): 82-85, 90
"Miss Cynthie" Story (June 1933):3-15
"John Archer's Nose" Metropolitan Magazine (January 1935): 10-87
Novels
edit"The Wall of Jericho" (1928)
The Conjure Man Dies: A Mystery Tale of Dark Harlem. (1932)
Essays
edit"Action of Ultraviolet Light upon Bacteriophage and Filterable Viruses." Proceeding of the Society of Experimental Biology and Medicine 23. (1926): 408-412
"The Caucasian Storms Harlem. "American Mercury 11 (1927): 393-398
"The Resistance of Different Concentrations of a Bacteriophage of Ultraviolet Rays." Journal of Infection Diseases 40 (1927): 399-403
Notes
edit- ^ Thompson, Clifford (June 2003). "The Mystery Man of the Harlem Renaissance: Novelist Rudolph Fisher was a forerunner of Walter Mosley". Black Issues Book Review. 5: 63.
- ^ Brown, Julie (Fall 1992). "Renaissance?". African American Review. 26: 524. doi:10.2307/3041925. JSTOR 3041925.
- ^ "NAACP". http://www.naacp.org/. 2017. Retrieved NAACP.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|access-date=(help); External link in|website= - ^ DuBois, W.E.B (January 1920). "The Crisis". https://books.google.com/books?id=HFoEAAAAMBAJ&dq=Crisis+Magazine+1923&source=gbs_all_issues_r&cad=1.
{{cite web}}: External link in|website= - ^ DuBois, W.E.B (December 1934). The Crisis. 41: 377 https://books.google.com/books?id=DFgEAAAAMBAJ&dq=rudolph+fisher+first&pg=PA377.
{{cite journal}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^ Fisher, Rudolph (1994). The Wall of Jerico. Michigan: University of Michigan Press. p. 3. ISBN 0472065653.
- ^ Gosselin, Adrienne (January 1999). "The Psychology of Uncertainty: (Re)Inscribing Indeterminacy in Rudolph Fisher's The Conjure-Man Dies". Other Voices. 1.
- ^ Mirmotahari, Emad (September 2012). "Mapping Race: The Discourse of Blackness in Rudolph Fisher's Walls of Jericho". Journal of American American Studies. 16: 574–587.
- ^ a b Chander, Harish (2000). "Rudolph Fisher". African American Authors, 1745-1945: Bio-bibliographical Critical Sourcebook: 161. ISBN 9780313309106.
- ^ Sherwood, Marika (2012). "Introduction". Origins of Pan-Africanism: 7. ISBN 9780415633239.
- ^ "The Harlem Renaissance & Jazz" (PDF). Retrieved 2017. May 18.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|access-date=(help) - ^ "The Harlem Renaissance". Retrieved 2017. May 18.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|access-date=(help) - ^ "W.E.B. DuBois". Retrieved 2017. May 18.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|access-date=(help) - ^ Kalaidjian, Walter B. (1993). American Culture Between the Wars: Revisionary Modernism & Postmodern Critique. New York: Columbia University Press. p. 84. ISBN 0231082797.